专四短文写作.doc

专四短文写作专四短文写作从行为模式上可以分为四种类型：立场选择型，给定观点型，问题解决型，比较对比型。第一：立场选择型立场选择型作文写作目的非常明确，既要求“二选一”，从试题所陈述的两种事物或两种做法或同一事物的优缺点中选择一种，回答“Which one do you prefer”的问题。此类型题，一般第一部分对要评论的事物或做法进行整体介绍，然后明确自己的观点；第二部分用具体的论证来支持自己的观点，论证可以是具体的理由，也可以是事例列举；第三部分总结上文，重申观点，得出结论或申明建议。下面是套用模板：1.模板一Topic观点提出段（1）When asked about/When it comes to事物/问题,different people hold different attitudes/views.(2)Some people take it for granted/believe/claim that观点一.(3)However, others hold/argue that观点二.(4)Weighing up these two arguments, I我的观点.观点论证段（5）First and foremost/To start with/For one thing/On the one hand,理由一.（6）拓展句/例子（7）Besides/In addition/For another/On the other hand,理由二（8）拓展句/例子（9）Last but not least/Finally理由三.拓展句/例子.观点总结段(10)From the foregoing, we can safely draw a conclusion/a natural conclusion can be drawn that重申观点. 2.模板二Topic观点提出段(1)Nowadays,现象发生,/With 背景,问题产生/A recent survey shows问题.（2）Some people做法/态度.（3）They believe that观点.（4）I can not agree with them more./But I don not see eye to eye with them and I insist that我的观点.观点论证段（5）The following reasons can support my point of view.（6）First of all/To start with/For one thing/On one hand, 理由一.（7）拓展句例子（8）Secondly/In addition/For another/On the other hand,理由二.（9）拓展句/例子.（10）Finally,理由三.拓展句/例子.观点总结段（10）To sum up/In conclusion/In brief/In a word/Therefore,重申观点.第二：给定观点型先提出一个话题，并给定关于这个话题的一种明确的观点，要求考生对这个给定的观点进行阐述。此类作文一般这样行文：第一部分引出要说明的事物或要论证的观点；第二部分承接该观点，举例或列举理由说明重要性，危害性，有利之处；最后做出结论，并提出建议或展望。1.模板一Topic观点提出段（1）现象背景描述（2）Some people hold that观点（3）However I believe that题目的扩展.观点论证段（4）The significance/harm/benefits of关键词lies in the following aspects.（5）Firstly/To start with/For one thing,理由一.（6）拓展句/例子.（7）Secondly/For another,理由二.（8）拓展句/例子.（9）Thirdly/Finally,理由三.拓展句/例子.观点总结段（10）On the whole/To sum up/In brief/In a word/In conclusion,重申观点.（11）Therefore, I suggest 建议内容/Only具体措施can结论./We must be alert that警示内容.2.模板二Topic观点提出段（1）现象背景描述.（2）It goes without saying that people are becoming increasingly aware of the significance/harm/benefits of 关键词.（3）In my opinion,题目的拓展.（4）I have several reasons/examples to support my point of view.观点论证段（5）Firstly/To start with/For one thing,理由一.（6）拓展句/例子.（7）Secondly/For another,理由二.（8）拓展句/例子.（9）Thirdly,理由三.拓展句/例子.观点总结段（10）On the whole/In short/In brief/In a word/In conclusion,重申观点.（11）Therefore, I suggest 建议内容/Only具体措施can得出结论./We must be alert that警示内容.第三：问题解决型问题解决型要求考生对题目中所提到的问题给出建议或解决方案，并加以解释或论证，回答how to的问题。文章结构一般如此安排：第一部分解释命题，即引出所要解决的问题的严重性或解决问题的必要性；明确提出建议或解决方案（最好是概括性的方案，以便论述）；第二部分承接上一部分提出的建议或方案，具体解释给出这一建议的理由或这一建议的优点所在；最后重申自己的观点，提出希望或展望未来。1.模板一Topic观点提出段（1）It is true/There is no doubt that描述现象.（2）However, as to the ways to/when it comes to 提出问题,different people have different views/proposals.（3）Some insist on/suggest建议一.（4）Still others argue for建议二.（5）Personally, I agree with the former/the latter/In my opinion, the best way/an effective solution to问题is我的建议.观点论证段（6）My suggestion has several advantages/lies in the following reasons/The reasons can be listed as follows.（7）First of all/Firstly/On the one hand,优点一/理由一.解释/例证.（8）What is more/Secondly/On the other hand,优点二/理由二.解释/例证.（9）Besides/Thirdly,优点三/理由三.解释/例证.观点总结段（10）In short/In a word,重申观点.（11）We are expecting/And I hope/Therefore, I suggest/Onlycan/It is high time that提出措施.2.模板二Topic观点提出段(1)It is true that普遍的观点/现象.(2)However,不同的观点/现象.(3)I think我的观点.(4)理由/其他论据can be listed as follows.观点论证段（5）Firstly/For one thing,论据一.（6）Secondly/For another,论据二.（7）For example,支持论据二的事例/阐述论据.（8）Thirdly,论据三.（9）A case in point is支持论据三的事例/阐述论据.观点总结段(10)It goes without saying/There is no doubt that重申观点.(11)Therefore,与该观点相符的做法.(12)In a word总结全文.第四：比较对比型出题方式一般是给出一个事物或话题的两个方面（A与B），要求分析对比这两个方面后得出结论。此类作文可如此行文：第一部分：引题，说明A引起的争议，对A和B进行陈述；第二部分：详写A与B，并证明自己的观点；第三部分：总结自己的结论（A或B 或折中）或给出建议。（近几年已不再出现这种类型）1.模板一Topic观点提出段（1）陈述现象.（2）Some people are in favor of现象while others take an opposite side.（3）As far as I am concerned我的观点.观点论证段（4）On the one hand,阐述该现象好的方面.（5）Firstly,具体原因一.（6）Secondly,具体原因二.（7）On the other hand,阐述该现象不好的方面.（8）拓展句/例子.观点总结段(9)Therefore,得出结论.（10）However, we should admit that利大于弊/弊大于利,so I suggest that提出建议.2.模板二Topic观点提出段(1)陈述现象.(2)In my opinion,现象has both advantages and disadvantages.(3)On the one hand好处;on the other hand坏处.观点论证段（4）One of the important advantages is that好处一.（5）Besides/Secondly,好处二.（6）How