使用EIGRP的监测和诊断命令.doc

有一些Show和Debug命令是监测和诊断EIGRP协议的配置时常用的，熟悉这些俞令，将有利于对EIGRP进行配置和排障。本节对这些命令进行演示和讲解。1.实验目的通过本实验，读者可以掌握以下技能查看EIGRP的流量信息;查看EIGRP拓扑信息，监测EIGRP相关信息。2.设备需求及拓扑结构本实验是在实验1配置成功的基础上进行的，设备和拓扑结构与实验1完全相同。为了阅读上的方便，现将拓扑结构图复制到这里，见图6-2。 3.实验配置及监测结果本实验主要演示show ip eigrp topoTogy、show ip eigrp traffic、debug ip eigrp和debug eigrppacket等命令的用法和输出结果。监测清单6-2记录了实验的全过程，随后有对相应内容的讲解。监测清单6-2 使用EIGRP常用的监测和诊断命令R1#R1#sh ip eigrp ?interfaces IP-EIGRP mterfacesneighborsIP-BIGRP neighborstopologyIP-EIGRP Topology TabletrafficIP-EIGRP Traffic StatisticsR1#sh ip eigrp topologyIP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(100)/ID(10.1.1.1)Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply,r - reply Status, s - sia StatusP 10.1.1.O/24, 1 successors, FD is 128256via Connected, Loopback0P 201.1.12.0/30, 1 successors, FD is 1792000via Coimected, Serial0P 201,1.13.0/30, 1 successors.FD is 1792000via Connected, Serial 1P 200.1.1.0/24, 2 successors, 3FTis 1817600via 201,1.13,2 (181760028160), Serial1via 201.1.12.2 (1817600/281101, Serial0R1#sh ip eigrp trafficIP-EIGRP Traffic Statistics for process 100Hellos sent/received:2469/2341Updates :seBt/received:8/8Queries seBt/received: 0/0Replies seat/received: 0/0Acks sent/received: 4/4Input queue high water mark 2, 0 dropsSIA-Queries sent/received: 0/0SIA-Replies sent/received: 0/0R1#conftEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.R1(config)#logg consoleR1(config)#Z01:44:12: %SYS-5-CONFIG_1: Configured from console by consoleR1#debug ip eigrpIP-EIGRP Route Events debugging is onR1#R1#conftEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.R1(config)#int siR1(config-if)#shutR1(config-if)#ZR1#01:47:45:IP-EIGRP: 201.1.13.0/30 -do advertise out Serial001:47:45: IPEIGRP: Int 201,1,13.0/30 metric 4294967295-0429496729501:47:45: IP-EIGRP: Processiag incoming REPLY packet01:47:45: IP-EIGRP: Int 201.1,13.0/30 M 2329600-1280000 1049600 SM 1817600 - 128000053760001:47:45: IP-EIGRP: 201.1.13.0/30 routing table not updated01:47:45: IP-EIGRP: Int 201.1.13.0/30 metric 2329600- 1280000 1049600R1#01:47:47: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Seriall, changed state to administratively downR1#R1#imdebug allAll possible debugging has been turned offR1#debug eigrp packetEIGRP Packets debugging is on(UPSTATE, REQUEST, QUBRY, REPLY, HELLO, IPXSAP, PROBE, ACK, STUB, SIAQUERY,SIAREPLY)R1#01:48:17: EIGRP: Sending HELLO onLoopback001:48:17: AS 100, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQun/rely 0/001:48:17: EIGRP: Received HELLO on LoopbackO nbr 10.1.1.101:48:17: AS 100, Flags 0x0, Seq O/OidbQ 0/001:48:17: EIGRP: Packet from ourselves ignoredR1#01:48:19:Sending HELLO on Serial001:48:19: AS 100, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/0R1#01:48:20: EIGRP: Received HELLO on nbr 201.1.12.201:48:20: AS 100, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0R1#undebug allR1#R1#sh ip routeD200.L 1.0/2490/1817600 via 201.1.12.2, 01:02:29, Serial0(1)show ip eigrp命令下有4个子命令，即interfaces、neighbors、topology和traffic，分别查看EIGRP协议的接口、邻居。拓扑和流量等信息。本实验中重点考察topology和traffic。两个子命令。(2)show ip eigrp topology命令列出从EIGRP协议所获取的所有路由信息。实验中给出了在R1路由器上使用此命令的结果，其中前3项(10.1.1.0/24、201.1.12.0/30和201.1.13.0/30)是直连接口上的网段。最后1项(200.1.1.0/24)有2个路由信息源，即R2和R3的IP地址。show ip eigrp topology命令给出所有EIGRP路由信息，但并不是说所有这些信息都进入路由表而被路由器所使用，只有最佳的路由才被使用。最佳的路由就是度量值最小的路由。(3)show ip eigrp traffic命令显示了EIGRP协议所产生和使用的各种信息包的发送和接收情况，其中主要有Hello、Update(更新)、Query(查询)。Reply(应答)、ACK(确认)几种包的类型。缺省情况下Hello包每5s钟发送1次，所以它的收发数最多;在一个稳定运行的网络中，其他各种包都较少。(4)debu ip eigrp监测IP EIGRP路由事件信息。为了查看路由变化的情况，我们手工把R1路由器