阅读表达十篇.doc

山东高考新题型 高二阅读表达专练 为了配合高二学生的期末考试，英语周报特编写了山东高考新题型 阅读表达。祝同学们考试顺利！ （一）阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） 阅读下面一篇短文，并完成文章后的题目。When people talk about printing, they usually mean making exact copies of an original document, such as a newspaper, magazine or an entire book. The inventions that have allowed us to do this are some of the most important developments in history. Look around you at the many examples of printed materials. Can you imagine life without them?Until the thirteenth century, all material had to be printed by hand, one copy at a time. To make a copy of a book took much time and effort.The oldest known example of a printed book was made in China in 848 A. D. by Wang Chieh, who carved each page of a book by hand onto a block of wood. He then put ink on the wood and pressed it on paper. The idea of printing with wood blocks spread to Europe. The letters in these block books were made to look handwritten.In about 1440, a German goldsmith named Johann Gutenberg developed the idea of movable type. He invented separate letters made of metal for printing. The letters could be joined together to make words and sentences. Ink was applied to the letters to print many copies of the same material. Because they were made of metal, the letters could be used over and over. This wonderful invention made it possible to have more printed material at a lower cost.Gutenberg had other ideas that were important to printing. He developed a special type of ink that would stick to the new metal letters. Gutenbergs ideas were so successful that the process of printing _ for more than 300 years.1. What is “movable type” according to the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)_2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one? The invention was so good that people could get printed material cheaply._3. Please fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words.) _4. If there wasnt printing now, what would our life be? (Please answer within 30 words.)_5. Another important invention of Gutenberg is _.（二）阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） 阅读下面一篇短文，并完成文章后的题目。 On April 12, 1888, Ludvig died. A French reporter thought that Alfred died, not his brother. So the reporter wrote an obituary (讣告) about Alfred Nobel. When Alfred read about how the world would remember him he was terribly shocked. He would be known as a man who had made money from selling weapons used for killing people. Alfred did not think of himself as a warmonger (战争贩子). Though he had a lot of money from weapons, he hated war. He hoped that there would be no war in the world. Alfred imagined the day when two armies could destroy each other in a second, so that therewould no longer be any war in the world. Some people believed that it was the way to stop wars, but other people didnt think so. Though he still travelled a lot, Alfred kept his home in Paris. He spent his life in Paris for 18 years. He had invented ballistite (巴里斯太火药) there, but it was turned down for use in France. So he sold his invention to the Italian Government. France was not on good terms with Italy at the time. Some newspapers in France said that Alfred should not sell a new weapon to Italy. The police closed down his lab. Alfred was even threatened with jail. So he had to leave France.Alfred Nobel, who could speak four languages, could find no way to communicate with the world. He lived in the kingdom of explosives. Explosives kept almost everyone away from him. He spent his whole life in peaceful uses of explosives, but the world _.1. What is the best title for the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)_2. Find the phrase from the story that has the meaning below. get along well with _3. Please fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words.)_4. Why did Alfred Nobel have to leave France? (Please answer within 30 words.)_5. Alfred Nobel could speak four languages, then why couldnt he find a way to communicate with the world？ (Please answer within 30 words.) _（三）阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） 阅读下面一篇短文，并完成文章后的题目。A lie is saying something that you know is not true. Sometimes people lie because they are embarrassed to tell the truth. Other times, people lie because they are trying to trick someone.Just about everyone has told a lie at some time in his life. That you have lied before does not mean you are a terrible person. People have many different reasons for lying. Some people lie to make themselves look better. If a student gets a bad grade on a test, she might lie to her parents or friends and tell them that she got an A. A boy who does not want to share his candy might lie by telling his friends he has no more candy.But have you thought of the result of telling lies? Lies damage trust. Trust is when you are sure that someone will not let you down. It is one of the most special things you can have with other people. When you trust someone, you know he will not hurt you or lie to you. But when a person lies to someone who trusts him, the trust is damaged.If your best friend told you a lie, how would you feel about him? You might stop trusting your friend. Then it might be hard to be friends.The worst part about telling a lie is that it can make you feel ashamed or bad about yourself. Lying can hurt you on the inside.Telling the truth can be hard. But being honest is worth it, even if you might get punished for it. Chances are, others will admire you for not lying. Youll feel proud that you were brave enough to tell the truth.1. What is the best title for the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)_2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?Sometimes no good could come from being honest, but its meaningful that you do so._3. Whats the worst part about telling a lie? _4. If your best friend told you a lie, what would you do with him / her? (Please answer within 30 words.)_5. Translate the underlined sentence in the third paragraph into Chinese._ (四)阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） 阅读下面一篇短文，并完成文章后的题目。There are four kinds of woodwind instruments in modern bands. They are flutes（笛子), oboes, clarinets and bassoons (大管). They are called “woodwind” instruments for two sensible reasons. In the beginning, they were all made of wood. Also, the musicians breath, or “wind,” was required to play them.Although they are all woodwinds, these instruments look different and are played differently. To play an oboe, the musician blows through a mouthpiece on the front of the instrument. The mouthpiece, called a reed（簧舌), is made of two flat pieces of a kind of wood called cane. Clarinet players also blow into a reed mouthpiece. The clarinet has only one reed in its mouthpiece.To play the flute, the musician blows across a hole near one end of the instrument. The way the breath is aimed helps to make the flutes different sounds. The bassoon is the largest woodwind instrument. Bassoon players blow through a mouthpiece that goes through a short metal pipe before it goes into the body of the bassoon. It makes a very different sound from the clarinet or the oboe.Woodwind instruments also have keys but not the kind of keys that open locks. These keys are more like levers（杠杆） that the musician pushes up and down. The levers cover holes. When the musician pushes down on a lever, it closes that hole. When he/she lifts his/her finger, it opens the hole. Different sounds are produced by controlling the amount of breath, or “wind,” that goes through the holes.1. Some instruments are called woodwinds because _.2. What instruments are in the woodwind section?_3. How are flutes different from other woodwinds? (Please answer within 10 words.)_4. What happens when a musician pushes down on a woodwind? (Please answer within 10 words.)_5. Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph but one into Chinese._（五）阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） 阅读下面一篇短文，并完成文章后的题目。Cancer researchers urged people to take more vitamin D to lower their risk of cancer, saying studies showed a clear link.“Our suggestion is for people to increase their intake（摄入量）, through diet or a vitamin supplement,” Dr. Cedric Garland said in a telephone interview. Garlands research team reviewed 63 studies, including several large long-term ones, on the relationship between vitamin D and certain types of cancer worldwide between 1966 and 2004. He said the benefit of vitamin D was as clear as the harmful link between smoking and lung cancer.“Theres nothing that has this ability to prevent cancer,” he said, urging governments and public health officials to do more to fortify foods with vitamin D. Garland is part of a university of California at San Diego Moores Cancer Center team that published its findings this week online in the American Journal of Public Health. The paper concluded that lacking of vitamin D may cause several thousand deaths from some kinds of cancers annually.Vitamin D is found in milk, as well as in some fortified orange juice, yogurt and cheeses, usually at around 100 international units (IU) a serving. People might want to consider a vitamin supplement to raise their intake to 1,000 IUs per day, Garland said, adding that it was well within the safety guidelines (准则) established by the National Academy of Sciences.The authors said that taking more vitamin D could be especially important for people living in northern areas, which receive less vitamin D from sunshine. African Americans, who dont produce as much of the vitamin because of their skin pigment（色素）, could also benefit significantly from a higher intake, the authors said.1. What is the best title for the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)_.2. How do you understand the last sentence in Paragraph 2?3. Find the word in Paragraph 3 that has the meaning below.to increase the quality of food by adding sth. to it _4. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?The research said thousands of people died from some cancer every year due to a lack of vitamin D._.5The underlined word “it” in the fourth paragraph refers to _（六）阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） 阅读下面一篇短文，并完成文章后的题目。Remember the whole idea is to spend some warm, quality time with a friend. Most of these tips apply to a visit in the home or the hospital.1. Call first if possible. Your friend will appreciate your finding a convenient time to visit. Sometimes a patient has had too many visitors, has gone through painful treatments, or just needs to nap (小睡). If the person is sick at home and being cared for, knowing when you are coming may give the caregiver a chance to plan for some personal time alone. 2. A good friend always knocks before entering a room, whether it is _ or in the hospital. Both you and your friend may be embarrassed if you walk into the middle of a bath or a medical procedure. A sick person already has a bad emotion. Dont make it worse. Give them a sense of control by stopping at the door, calling their name, giving yours, and asking if it is OK to come in.3. Dont let the television set ruin a nice visit. A sick person often has the television on constantly and may not even think about turning it down. Ask, “Are you watching a favorite program?” Usually a person will respond by saying, “No, just turn it off.” When you leave, be sure to offer to turn it back on again.4. Be cheerful. Especially if your friend is seriously ill. The most important result of your visit may be to raise their spirits and give them hope. Dont be the bearer of bad news. Try to restrict your conversation to topics that will make your friend feel better. A sense of humor can often put things in perspective. 5. Have a normal conversation, friend to friend. Talk about the things you would talk about in your usual setting. And dont get so carried away by nerves or a desire to entertain that you fail to let your friend talk as well. The most important rule is this: remember it is not about you. Be ready to listen as well as talk. 1. What is the best title for the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)_.2. What does the underlined word “bearer” (in Paragraph 5) mean?_.3. Please fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 5 words.)_.4. What should you talk about with your friend who is ill? What rules should you obey? (Please answer within 30 words.)_.5. Translate the underlined sentence in the second paragraph into Chinese._.（七）阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） 阅读下面一篇短文，并完成文章后的题目。Its been said that a man dies simply because he doesnt know how to live longer. Well, thank goodness for progress. People are living longer these days. Today, people can expect to live to 78. What affects life expectancy? Better food supply, better medical care, better hygiene (卫生) or others? Its totally unclear to scientists how they all add up. But what we do know is that studies are finding genetics (遗传学) dont tell the whole story when it comes to which diseases will likely kill us. “Theres a saying that genetics load the gun, but its the environment that pulls the trigger (扳机),” says Dr. David Fein. “You can have the gene for a certain disease, but it doesnt mean youre going to get it.” Take care: Your lifestyle choices are very important. While there is no way to finally refuse death, that isnt an excuse to pay no attention to your health. There are many “secrets” to result in an improved quality of life. First, start with your attitude. Your way of thinking can improve how long you actually live. In 2002, researchers found that optimistic people decreased their risk of early death by 50 percent compared with those who were more pessimistic. Besides, there are also more traditional practices that you can take, such as stopping smoking, having a balanced diet and keeping a healthy weight. And having a pet can add years to your life, as well. To many people, quality of life is equally as important as life span. It is a good thing that many of the factors that can improve your longevity（寿命） can also improve your quality of life. After all, who really wants to live forever when they can have a life that ended perfectly? 1. What is the main idea of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.) _2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one? There are many ways to make your life happy and healthy. _3. Find the word from the passage that has the opposite meaning of “optimistic”. _4. Do you like to keep a pet? Why? (Please answer within 30 words.) _5. List three ways to improve your longevity according to the passage. _（八）阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） 阅读下面一篇短文，并完成文章后的题目。Maybe you are an average student with an average intellect. You probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily so, however. Anyone can become a better scholar if he or she wants to.The following suggestions may be helpful to you:1. Plan your time carefully. When you plan your week, you should make a list of things that you have to do. Be sure to set aside enough time to complete the work that you are normally assigned each week. Of course, studying shouldnt occupy all of your free time. Dont forget to set enough time for entertainment, hobbies and relax