新目标八年级英语比较级最高级精精炼.doc

初中英语比较级和最高级讲解与练习一、一般句式的构成： A + is / are+ 形容词比较级+ than + BA 是主格 B 是宾格如： She is taller than me.主格 形容词比较级 宾格二、.英语形容词比较级的构成绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如: poor tall great glad bad形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。 分为规则变化和不规则变化。规则变化1）单音节词末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）【例】 原级 比较级 最高级 great greater greatest small smaller smallest clean cleaner cleanest 2）单音节如以e结尾，只加-r（比较级），-st（最高级）【例】 fine finer finest wide wider widest3）闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）【例】 big bigger biggest hot hotter hottest red redder reddest4）少数以-y，-er，ow，-ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）。以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为-i，再加-er和-est。以-e结尾的词只加-r和-st。【例】 clever cleverer cleverest narrow narrower narrowest able abler ablest easy easier easiest5）其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most。【例】 careful more careful most careful difficult more difficult most difficult delicious more delicious most delicious不规则变化原级 比较级 最高级good/well better bestbad worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less leastfar farther/further farthest/furthest注：有些形容词一般没有比较等级。如： right, wrong, woolen等。三、 形容词各等级的用法：1、 原级（同级）比较：asas; not as(so)asWell give you as much help as we can.She isnt as(so)active in sports as before.2. 比较级：表示两者之间比 更可用状语much, a little, even等修饰： He made fewer mistakes than I did.He is even richer than I.3、 高级：形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前常省略the，后面多用of， in短语表示范围：It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened.He is the tallest of the three.4、 如果在两者之间表示“最”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语：John is the clever of the two boys. Of the two boys, John is the clever.四、 重点与难点：1、 asas结构：你和汤姆一样好。Youre as good as Tom.2、 (1)tooto与 sothat sb.cant的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较：The man was too angry to be able to speak.The man was so angry that he wasnt able to speak.The milk was too hot to drink.The milk was so hot that we cant drink it.(2) tooto与 not enough to句型的转换：He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married.The book is too difficult for me to read.=The book is not easy enough for me to read.3、 形容词原级表示比较级含义：约翰不象迈克那么苯。John is not so stupid as Mike. John is less stupid than Mike. John is cleverer than Mike.4、 用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。John is taller than any other boy in the class.John is the tallest boy in the class.5、 the more. the more.表示“越越”:The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is.The more food you eat, the fatter you are.6、 more and more.表示“越来越”:More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language.Our country is getting stronger and stronger.小结：1.形容词比较级的用法:形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示较不和最不important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要Our teacher is taller than we are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。It is warmer today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。This picture is more beautiful than that one. 这张照片比那张照片漂亮。This meeting is less important than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。The sun is much larger than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。2.形容词最高级的用法:形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为:主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。She is the best student in her class. 她是班上最好的学生。Shanghai is one the largest cities in China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。This is the biggest apple I have ever met. 这是我见到的最大的苹果。 Tom is the tallest boy in his basketball team.汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。 五、形容词比较级和最高级练习题（一）选择题1. This box is_ that one.A. heavy than B. so heavy than C. heavier as D. as heavy as2 When we speak to people, we should be .A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possiblyC. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly3 This book is_ that one, but_ than that one.A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensiveC. as difficult as; more expensive D. more difficult as; as expensive4 I think the story is not so _ as that one.A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting5. I think science is _ than Japanese.A. much important B.important C.much more important D. more much important 6 This pencil is_ than that one. A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long7. These children are _ this year than they were last year.A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller 8. It was very hot yesterday, but it is_ today.A. even hotter B. more hotter C. much more hot D. much hot 9. Mrs Black has got_ instead of getting any better.A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse10 When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with_ students.A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite11 The house is _small for a family of six.A. much too B. too much C. very much D.so12.The jacket was so_ that he decided to buy it. ,A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheap13 Our classroom is_ larger than theirs.A. more B. quite C. very D. much14 Maths is more popular than_.A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject 15. Tom is stronger than _ in his class.A. any other boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy16. When spring comes, it gets_.A.warm and warm B.colder and colder C.warmer and warmer D.shorter and shorter17. By and by, _ students in our class came to like English. A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least18._ I look at the picture, _ I like it.A. The best; the more B. The more; the lessC. The more; less D. More; the more19. _ he read the book, _ he got in it. A. The more; the more interesting B. The less; the more interesting C. The more; the more interested D. More; more interested 20. I like_ one of the two books.A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older21. Which is_country, China or Japan?A. the large B. the larger C. larger D. largest22. Of the two cups, he bought _.A. the smaller B. the smallest C. small D: smaller23. This work is _ for me than for you.A. difficult B. most difficult C. much difficult D. more difficult24. Who jumped _of all?A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the most far25. Li Lei is_ student in our class.A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest26. Who is-of you three?A. the oldest B. much older C. oldest D. older 27. Tom is one of _ boys in our class.A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest B. the tall28. English is one of_ spoken in the world.A. the important languages B. the most important languages C. most important language D. the most important language29. Which language is_, English, French or Japanese? A. easy B . the most easy C. the easiest D. much more easy30. Which city is_, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou? A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. much more beautiful D. the most beautiful31, Do you have _ to tell us?A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything32. Mike, I have_to tell you. A. important something B. important anythingC. something important D anything important33, There is _ in todays newspaper.A. interesting something B. nothing interesting C. interesting anything D. anything interesting34. Im not _ to lift the heavy box.A. short enough B. enough tall C. health enough D. strong enough35,He has_ to think it over. A. many time B. times C. time enough D, enough time（二）用适当形式填空：1. Bob is _ ( young ) than Fred but _ (tall) than Fred.2. Yingtian is not as _ (tall) as Yongxian.3. Almost all the students faces are the same but Li Deming looks _ (fat) than before after the summer holidays.4.Which is _ (heavy), a hen or a chicken?5.- How _ (tall) is Sally?- She s 1.55 metres _ (tall). What about Xiaoling?-She s only 1.40 metres _ (tall). She is much _ (short) than Sally. She is also the _ (short) girl in the class.6. He is _ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _ (bad) at English.7. Annie says Sally is the _ (kind) person in the world.8. He is one of the_(friendly) people in the class, I think.9. A dictionary is much _ (expensive) than a story-book.10. An orange is a little _ (big) than an apple, but much _ (small) than a watermelon.11. The Changjiang River is the _ (long)