【GMAT长难句读法】例句答案.doc

答案1. =The very richness and complexity of the meaningful relationships/ that kept presenting and rearranging themselves/ on all levels/，from abstract intelligence/ to profound dreamy feelings/, made it difficult /for Proust/ to set them out coherently. #丰富性和复杂性/有意义的联系的/-他们不断出现并重新排列/在所有的层次上/，从抽象的理性/到深奥的梦幻的感情/-，使变得很难/Proust/将它们联贯的排列好。 2.=It is possible to make specific complementary DNAs （cDNAs）/that can serve as molecular probes/ to seek out the messenger RNAs （mRNAs）/of the peptide hormones/. If brain cells are making the hormones/，the cells will contain these MrnaS./ If the products/ the brain cells make/ resemble the hormones/ but are not identical to them/，then the cDNAs should still bind to these mRNAs/，but should not bind as tightly as they would to mRNAs/ for the true hormones. #这是可能的/制造出特别的互补DNAs（cDNAs）/，它作为分子探子/找出信使RNAs（mRNAs）/肽激素的/。如果脑细胞正在制造肽激素/，细胞就会含有信使RNAs/.如果这个产物/脑细胞所产生的/类似于肽激素/但并非与肽激素完全相同/，那么cDNAs仍然会和这些mDNAs连接在一起/但是并没有像和mRNAs连接的那样紧密/对于真的激素而言。 3. =The molecular approach/ to detecting peptide hormones/ using cDNA probes/ should also be much faster/ than the immunological method/ because it can take years/ of tedious purifications/ to isolate peptide hormones/ and then develop antiserums to them. #分子生物学方法/测定肽激素/用cDNA探子/应该速度更快/比免疫学方法/，因为（免疫学方法）要耗费多年/进行枯燥的提纯进程/为了分离出肽激素，然后再培养出它们的抗血清。 4. =This succession/ was based primarily on a series of deposits and events/ not directly related to glacial and interglacial periods/，ratherthan on the more usual modern method of studying biological remains/ found in interglacial beds themselves/ interstratified within glacial deposits/.#这一序列/主要以一系列地质沉积物和地质事件为基础/不直接相关与冰川期和间冰期的/，而不是依据更为普遍的现代方法/研究生物残留物/发现在间冰层中/层化在冰川沉积物之间。5. =There have been attempts/ to explain these taboos/ in terms of inappropriate social relationships/ either between those who are involved/ and those who are not simultaneously involved/ in the satisfaction of a bodily need/，or between those already satiated/ andthose who appear to be shamelessly gorging.#人们试图/解释这些禁忌/，依据不相称的社会关系/不是在那些人置身于/和那些人并没有立即置身于/满足人的身体需要中/，就是在那些人早已酒足饭饱/和那些人不知羞耻地狼吞虎咽。6.=Many critics/ of Eamily Brontes novel Wuthering Heights/ see its secondpart as a counterpoint/ that comments on，if it does not reverse，the first part，where a romantic reading/ receives more confirmation. #很多文学评论家/研究Emily Bronte小说呼啸山庄的/，把小说的第二部分视为（小说第一部分）的一个对比/进行评论/，如果不是将第一部分逆的话/，在小说第一部分/，一种“浪漫主义的”的解读/得到了更多的确证。7.=Granted/ that the presence of these elements/ need not argue anauthorial awareness/ of novelisticconstruction/ comparable to that of Henry James/， their presence/ does encourage attempts/ to unify the novelsheterogeneous parts. #当然这些因素的存在/并不意味着作者的意识/对小说架构的/可与Henry James的相比/；然而他们的出现的确/鼓励了这些想法/统一小说各种各样的部分。8.=This is not because/ such an interpretation necessarily stiffens into a thesis/（although rigidity in any interpretation of this or of any novel is always adanger）/，but because/ Wuthering Heights has recalcitrant elements of undeniable power/ that，ultimately，/resist inclusion in an all-encompassinginterpretation. #不是因为/这样的一种解释必定会僵化成一个命题/（尽管僵化的解释对这部或任何小说是一种危险），而是因为/呼啸山庄有一些不可控制的因素/一种力量的，/它，无可辩驳地/，拒绝结论/于一个无所不包的解释中。 9.=The isotopic composition/ of lead/ often varies/ from one source of common copper ore/ to another/，with variations exceeding the measurement error/；and preliminary studies/ indicate/ virtually uniform/ is topic composition of the lead/ from a single copper-ore source. #同位素构成/铅的/经常存在差异/在一种来源普通铜矿石的/与另一种之间/，其差异超出测量误差/；而最初的研究/表明，几乎完全一样/铅同位素构成/从单独一个铜矿石来源的。 10. =More probable/ is bird transport/，either externally/，by accidental attachment of the seeds to feathers/，or internally/，by the swallowing of fruit and subsequent excretion of the seeds. #更有可能的/是鸟类传递/：不是外部地/，即由于偶然粘附/种籽在羽毛上/；就是内部地/，即由于（鸟类）吞下果实并后来排泄出来种籽。 11.=It is not known/ how rare this resemblance is/，or whether it is most often seen/ in inclusions of silicates/ such as garnet/，whose crystallography/ is generally somewhat similar/ to that of diamond；but when present/，the resemblance is regarded as compelling evidence/ that the diamonds and inclusions are truly co genetic. #现在还不知道/多么稀少这种类似/，或者是否它常见于/内含物中硅酸盐的/象石榴石/，它的晶体结构/通常有些类似于/钻石；但是（这种类似）一旦存在/，就被视为有力的证据/钻石与内含物的确是同源的。 12.=Even the radical critiques of this mainstream research model/，such as the critique/ developed in Divided Society/，attach the issue of ethnic assimilation too mechanically/ to factors of economic and socialmobility/ and are thus unable to illuminate the cultural subordination/ of Puerto Ricans/ as a colonial minority/. #即使是激进批判对这一主流研究模型的/，例如这种批判提出在分裂的社会一书中/，联系起来少数民族同化问题过分机械地/与因素经济和社会移动性的/，因此无法阐明文化从属关系/波多黎各人的/作为一个殖民地少数民族。13.=They are called virtual particles/ in order to distinguish them from real particles/，whose lifetimes are not constrainedin the same way/，and which can be detected/. #它们被称为虚粒子，为了区别他们和实粒子/，（实粒子的）存活时间不会受到限制/以同样的方式/，并且（其存在）能够被测定。14. =Other theorists/ propose/ that the Moon was ripped out of the Earths rocky mantle/ by the Earths collision/ with another large celestial body/ after much of the Earths iron/ fell to its core.#其他理论家/提出/，月球是撕裂开来形成的/地球的石质地幔/由于地球碰撞/与另一个庞大天体/在地球的大部分铁/沉入到地核以后。 15.=Thus，what in contrast to the Puritan colonies/ appears to Davis/ to be peculiarly Southern/ acquisitiveness/，a strong interest in politics and the law/，anda tendency to cultivate metropolitan cultural models/was not only more typically English/ than the cultural patterns/ exhibited by Puritan Massachusetts and Connecticut/，but also almost certainly characteristic/ of most other early modern British colonies/ from Barbados/ north to Rhode Island and New Hampshire. #因此，那些形成鲜明对比/与（北方）清教殖民地/显得对戴维斯来说/特别南方化占有欲/, 浓厚兴趣对政治和法律的/, 以及倾向培养大都市文化模式的/不但是更典型的英国式/比文化形式/展现出来的清教的马萨诸塞州和康乃涅克州/，而且几乎是固定特征/大多数其它早期近代英国殖民地的/从巴巴多斯/北至罗得岛和新罕布什尔州。 16.=A very specialized feeding adaptation/ in zooplankton/ is that of the tadpolelike appendicularian/ who lives in a walnut-sized （or smaller） balloon of mucus/ equipped with filters/ thatcapture and concentrate phytoplankton. #一种极特殊的进食适应性变化/在浮游动物体内/是蝌蚪状的尾海鞘纲动物(的那种变化)/，它生活在核桃大小（或更小）的黏液球内/，张着过滤器/，(过滤器)捕捉和集中浮游植物。17.=These historians/，however/，have analyzed less fully the development/ of specifically feminist ideas andactivities/ during the same period. #这些史学家/，然而，/曾分析了/不充分地/发展/那些具体的女权主义思想和活动/在同一时期中。 18.=When the core of a giant star/ whose mass surpasses 1.4 times the present mass of our Sun/ exhausts its nuclear fuel/，it is unable to support its own weight/ and collapses into a tiny neutron star. #当内核一颗巨星的/它的质量超过1.4倍目前质量我们的太阳的/耗尽其核燃料时/，它就不能支撑自身的重量/，并收缩成为一颗小型中子星。19.=This is so/ even though the armed forces operate/in an ethos of institutional change/ oriented toward occupational equality/and under the federal sanction/ of equal pay for equal work. #情况是这样的/即使武装部队运作/在一种精神下体制变革的/趋向于职业平等/并在联邦政府约束下/同工同酬的。 20.=Not only are liver transplants never rejected/，but they even induce a state/ of donor-specific unresponsiveness/ in which/ subsequent transplants of other organs/，such as skin/，from that donor/ are accepted permanently. #不仅肝脏的移植从来没有被排斥/，而且肝脏移植甚至还诱发了一种状态/供应移植器官者特定的无反应的/，在此状态中/，后来的移植其它器官的/，如皮肤/，那个供应者的/会永久地被接受。21.=While the new doctrine seems almost certainly correct/，the one papyrus fragment/ raises the specter/ that another may be unearthed/，showing/，for instance/，thatit was a posthumous production/ of the Danaid tetralogy/ which bested Sophocles/，and throwing the date/ oncemore into utter confusion. #尽管这个新学说看起来几乎一定正确/，可是这个莎草纸的残片/却引起了恐惧/，即另外一个残片可能会被挖掘出来/，显示出/，比如说/，它是作者死后发表的遗作/ Danaid四部曲的一部/它击败了Sophocles/，这样就置于作品的年代/又一次/在极度的混乱之中。22.=The methods/ that a communitydevises to perpetuate itself/ come into being to preserve aspects of the cultural legacy/ that that community perceives as essential/. #这个方法/一个社会所创造出来以使其自身永久保存下去/得以形成以保存各个方面文化遗产的/在这个社会被认为是有本质意义的。 23.=Because the potential hazards/ pollen grains are subject to/ as they are transported over long distances/ are enormous/，wind pollinated plants/ have/，in the view above/，compensated for theensuing loss of pollen/ through happenstance/ by virtue of producing an amount of pollen/ that is one to three orders of magnitude greater/ than the amount/ produced by species pollinated by insects. #由于潜在危险/花粉颗粒所要面临的/在其长距离的运输过程中/是巨大的/，由风授粉的植物/，按上述观点来看/，已经补偿了伴随产生的花粉损失/通过偶然事件而导致的/；它通过制造出花粉量/一至三个数量级多/比花粉量/产生的昆虫授粉的植物种类。24.=For example，the spiral arrangement/ ofscale-bract complexes on ovule-bearing pine cones/，where the female reproductive organs of conifers/ are located/，is important to the production of airflow patterns/ that spiral over the cones surfaces/，thereby passing airborne pollen from one scale to the next. #例如，螺旋状排列/ scale-bract综合体的带有胚珠的松球的/，雌性生殖器官针叶植物的/所在的位置/，尤其重要对于产生气流模式的/，（这些气流模式）盘旋上升/在松球的表面/，从而传递在空气中飞行的花粉从一个鳞苞至下一个鳞苞。 25.=It was not the change in office technology/，but rather the separation of secretarial work/，previously seen as an apprenticeship for beginning managers/，from administrative work/ that in the 1880s created a new class of dead-end jobs/，thenceforth considered womens work.#这并不是因为变化在办公室技术上/，而是由于分离秘书工作/在此之前被视作习见训练对于刚刚起步的经理们来说/，与行政工作/这在一种十九世纪八十年代，产生了新的一类“没前途”的职业/，自此以后，便被视作是“女人的工作”。 26.=The increase/ in the numbers of married women/ employed outside the home/ in the twentieth century/ had less to do with the mechanization of housework/ and an increase in leisure time/ for these women/ than it did with their own economic necessity/ and with high marriage rates/ that shrank the available pool of single women workers/，previously/，in many cases/，the only women/ employers would hire. #增加/人数已婚妇女的/在家庭以外就业/在二十世纪/，这并无多大联系与家务活的机械化/和增加闲暇时间这些妇女的/，更多的是相关与妇女自身的经济需要和高结婚率/（高婚姻率）使得萎缩所能雇佣的单身女工的总量/，在此之前/，许多情形中/，（单身女性）则是唯一的一类妇女/雇主们所愿雇佣的。 27.=In order to understand the nature/ of the ecologists investigation/，we may think of the density-dependent effects/ on growth parameters/ as the signal/ ecologists are trying to isolate and interpret/，one that tends to make the population/ increase from relatively low values/ or decrease from relatively high ones/，while the density-independent effects act to produce noise/ in the population dynamics. #为了能理解本质/生态学家们所进行的研究的/，我们可以考虑密度依赖效应/对于增长参数的/作为“信号”的/生态学家们试图将其分离并予以解释的/，（这一信号）倾向于使种群数量/增加从相对较低的数值/，或减少从相对较高的数值/；而与此同时，那些密度独立效应的作用产生“噪音”/在种群动态变化中的。 28.=But the plays complex view of Black self-esteem and human solidarity as compatible/ is no more contradictory/ than Du Bois famous，well-considered ideal/ of ethnic self-awareness/ coexisting with human unity/，or Fanons emphasis on an ideal internationalism/ that also accommodates national identities and roles. #但是这部剧的这一复杂观点/把黑人自尊和人类团结看作是和谐的/并不矛盾/比Du Bois的著名的、深思熟虑的理想/民族自觉意识的/共存和人类大同/；或Fanon的强调/对于理想的国际主义/, (这一理想)同样也能兼容民族身份与角色。29.=Inheritors/ of some of theviewpoints of early twentieth-century/ Progressive historians/ such as Beard and Becker/，these recent historians/ have put forward arguments that deserve evaluation. #继承者/某些观点的二十世纪早期的/, “进步派”史学家/如Beard和Becker等人/，这些近期的史学家/所提出的观点/它值得我们予以评价。 30.=Despite these vague categories/，one should not claim unequivocally/ that hostility between recognizable classes/ cannot be legitimately observed. #尽管存在这些模糊的分类/，但我们不应该声称断然地/，敌对态度在各个易于辨认出的阶层之间所存在的/就无法被合理地观察到。31.=Yet those/ who stress the achievement/ of a general consensus /among the colonists/ cannot fully understand that consensus/ without understanding the conflicts/ that had to be overcome or repressed in order to reach it. #然而，那些（史学家）/ 他们强调成果/一种普遍的一致意见的/在殖民者之间曾出现的/不能充分理解/这种一致意见/而不理解各种矛盾的存在/(那些矛盾)只有在被克服或压制之后才有可能获得它(那种一致意见)。32.It can be inferred from the passage/ that the author would be most likely to agree with/ which of the following statements/ regarding socioeconomic class/ and support for the rebel and Loyalist causes/ during the American Revolutionary War?#可以推断出来从文章中/作者最有可能同意/以下哪一个陈述/关于社会经济各阶层/并且支持叛党和保王党的原因/在美国革命战争中?33. =Although it has been possible/ to infer from the goods and services/ actually produced/ what manufactures and servicing trades/ thought their customers wanted/，only a study of relevant personal documents/ written by actual consumers/ will provide a precise picture/ of who wanted what/. #尽管这是有可能的/推知从商品和服务中/实际制造出来的/是什么制造商和服务业/认为他们的顾客所需要的/, 但是只有一番研究对相关的个人文件进行的/由真实的顾客撰写的/能够提供一幅精确的图像/关于“什么样的人”需要 “什么样的东西”。 34.=Such philosophical/ as the mind-body/ problem or，more generally/，the nature of human knowledge/ they believe/，are basic human questions/ whose tentative philosophical solutions/ have served as the necessary foundations/ on which all other intellectual speculation/ has rested. #这样的哲学问题/如灵与肉的问题/，或更普遍而言/，人类知识的本质/他们相信/，都是一些基本的人类问题/其探索性的哲学答案/已经成为必要的基础/在其上所有其他的智力思辩/建立。35.=The idea of an autonomous discipline/ called philosophy/， distinct from/ and sitting in judgment/ on such pursuits/ as theology and science turns out/，on close examination/，to be of quite recent origin. #这种观点一种独立学科的/被称为“哲学”/，有别于/并高高在上地进行评判/按这种方法追寻下去/神学和科学诸般学科结果/，细作审视，我们便不难发现/，（其渊源）是极为近期的事。36.=But the recent discovery of detailed similarities/ in the skeletal structure of the flippers/ in all three groups/ undermines the attempt/ to explain away superficial resemblance/ as due to convergentevolution/the independent development of similarities/ between unrelated groups/ in response to similar environmental pressures. #但是，最近的发现细节上的共同点/对骨骼结构鳍肢的/在所有这三类动物身上/，足以削弱这样一种企图/即解释把表面上的相似/当成趋同进化所致的结果/（而所谓的趋同进化是指）彼此独立的相似特征/在互不相关的生物种群之间/作出反应对于类似的环境压力/。37.=Human genes/ contain too little information/ even to specify/ which hemisphere of the brain/ each of a humans 10 neurons/ should occupy/，let alone the hundreds of connections/ that each neuron makes/. #人类因基/包含如此之少的信息/，甚至于不能去确定/大脑的哪个半脑/人类的10个神经细胞中/(哪一个细胞)应占据/，更不用说成千上万的连接/每个神经细胞所形成的。38.=These questions are political/ in the sense/ that the debate over them/ will inevitably be/ less an exploration/ of abstract matters/ in a spirit of disinterested inquiry/ than an academic power struggle/ in which the careers and professional fortunes/ of many women scholars/only now entering the academic profession/ in substantial numbers/will be at stake/，and with them/ the chances for a distinctive contribution/ to humanistic understanding/，a contribution/ that might be an important influence/ against sexism in our society. #这些问题带有政治色彩/从这一点上讲/这些辩论围绕这些问题展开的/将不可避免地与其说是一种探索/对抽象问题的/在客观冷静的科研精神指导下/，倒不如说是一种学术上的权力斗争/在此斗争中, 职业生涯和学术命运/许多女学者的/只是在现在才开始进入学术界/以众多的人数/将前途未卜/，与她们相伴随的/是机遇去作出一种独特贡献/对人文理解的/，这一贡献/则很有可能成为一个重要影响/消除性别主义在我们社会中所存在的。 39.=In experiments/，an injection of cytoplasm/ from dextral eggs/ changes the pattern of sinistral eggs/，but an injection/ from sinistral eggs/ does not influence dextral eggs. #在实验中/，一个注射对细胞质进行的/取自右旋卵子的/，可以改变模式左旋卵子的/；但是一个注射(对细胞质进行的)/取自左旋卵子的/却不能影响到右旋卵子。40.=Recently/ some scientists have concluded/ that meteorites/ found on Earth/ and long believed to have a Martian origin/ might actually have been blasted free of Marss gravity/ by the impact on Mars of other meteorites. #最近/，某些科学家得出结论认为/，那些陨石/在地球上发现的/并一直被相信源自火星的/，有可能实际上是被震动而离开火星的重力作用范围/由于其它的陨石撞击火星。 41.=Under the force of this view/，it was perhaps inevitable/ that the art of rhetoric/ should pass from the status/ of being regarded as of questionable worth/because/ although it might be both a source of pleasure/ and a means to urge people/ to right action/，it might also be a means to distort truth/ and a source of misguided action/to the status/ of being wholly condemned/. #在这种观点的力量作用下/，这可能是不可避免的/修辞艺术/应该从这样一种地位/被视为具有让人怀疑的价值因为/尽管它既有可能是一个快乐的源泉/和一个手段推动人们/去做正确的事情的/,它也有可能成为一种手段歪曲事实的/和一个来源误导行为的/转变到这样的地位/彻底地遭谴责的。 42.=None of these translations/ to screen and stage/，however/，dramatize the anarchy/ at the conclusion of A Connecticut Yankee/，which ends with the violent overthrow/ of Morgans three-year-old progressive order/ and his return to the nineteenth century/，where he apparently commits suicide/ after being labeled a lunatic/ for his incoherent babblings/ about drawbridges and battlements. #没有任何一部作品在所有这些改编的作品中/被搬上银幕和舞台的/，然而/，能生动地再现无政府状态，在结尾处康乃涅克州的美国佬（A Connecticut Yankee）的，原作以如下情节为结尾摩根为期三年之久的进步秩序被暴力推翻他又重返于十九世纪，在那里他显然自杀身亡在被列为疯子之后由于他的那些语无伦次的蠢话关于吊桥和城垛的。 43.=Calculations/ of the density of alloys/ based on Bernal-type models/ of the alloys metal component/ agreed fairly well with the experimentally determined values/ from measurements on alloys/ consisting of a noble metal/ together with a metalloid/，such as alloys of palladium and silicon/，or alloys/ consisting of iron，phosphorus，and carbon/，although small discrepancies remained/. #计算/合金的密度/在这个基础上伯纳尔所建立的模型/旨在研究合金中金属成分/保持一致和通过实验确定的数据/从一些合金的测量研究中得到的/包括一种贵金属和和一种准金属/，例如，钯和硅的合金/，或者是合金由铁、磷、和碳组成的/，尽管一些细小的差异依然存在。44.=It is now established/ that the Milky Way is far more extended/ and of much greater mass/ than was hitherto thought. #这现在已被人们公认了/银河系是更加浩瀚广阔的/并且质量远大的多/比迄今为止所想象的（情况）。 45.And Walzer advocates as the means of eliminating this tyranny and of restoring genuine equality the abolition of the power of money outside its sphere Walzer赞成作为这样的手段消除这种专制暴政和恢复真正平等的“废除金钱的权利在其范围之外的” 。46.Is it not tyrannical，in Pascals sense，to insist that those who excel in sensitivity or the ability to express compassion merit equal wealth with those who excel in qualities （such asthe capacity for hard work）essential in producing wealth？ 这难道不是专制暴政，按Pascal的想法，如果坚持认为那些人擅长“敏感”或者擅长“这种能力表达怜悯之心”，应获取同等的物质财富与那些擅长这些品质（诸如“勤奋工作的能力”）这些品质是本质的在物质财富创造过程中？47.Yet Waizers argument，however deficient，does point to one of the most serious weak-nesses of capitalism，namely，that it brings to predominant positions in a society people who，no matter how legitimately they have earned their material rewards，often lack thoseother qualities that evoke affection or admiration. 然而，Waizers的观点，无论多么不充分，确实指出了最严重的一个弱点资本主义的，也就是，它置于显赫的位置在一个社会中将某一类人，这类人无论以怎样合法的方式他们获得了他们的物质补偿，常常缺乏其它那些品质能唤起他人受戴和钦佩。48.The appreciation of traditional oral American Indian literature has been limi