M6柯林斯词典U1.doc

M6 U1Collins Senior English-Chinese Dictionary柯林斯高级英汉双解词典M6U11. realistic /rilstk/1. ADJ If you are realistic about a situation, you recognize and accept its true nature and try to deal with it in a practical way. 现实的; 务实的例：Police have to be realistic about violent crime.警察对暴力犯罪不得不采取务实的态度。realistically ADV现实地; 务实地例：As an adult, you can assess the situation realistically.作为成年人，你可以现实地估量这个局势。2. ADJ You say that a painting, story, or movie is realistic when the people and things in it are like people and things in real life. 逼真的例：.extraordinarily realistic paintings of Indians.关于印第安人的极其逼真的绘画。realistically ADV逼真地例：The film starts off realistically and then develops into a ridiculous fantasy.电影开始的时候比较逼真，然后却发展成为荒谬的幻想。2. abstract /bstrkt/ ( abstracts )1. ADJ An abstract idea or way of thinking is based on general ideas rather than on real things and events. 抽象的例：.starting with a few abstract principles.以几条抽象的原则开始。例：Its not a question of some abstract concept of justice.这不是一个有关正义的某一抽象概念的问题。2. ADJ In grammar, an abstract noun refers to a quality or idea rather than to a physical object. 抽象的 (名词) ADJ n例：.abstract words such as glory, honor, and courage.诸如光荣、荣誉、勇气这样的抽象词汇。3. ADJ Abstract art makes use of shapes and patterns rather than showing people or things. 抽象的 (艺术)例：A modern abstract painting takes over one complete wall.一幅现代抽象画占了整整一面墙。4. PHRASE When you talk or think about something in the abstract, you talk or think about it in a general way, rather than considering particular things or events. 在抽象意义上例：Money was a commodity she never thought about except in the abstract.金钱是她从未具体想过的一种商品。5. N-COUNT An abstract is an abstract work of art. 抽象作品例：His abstracts are held in numerous collections.他的抽象画被纳入到很多收藏中。6. N-COUNT An abstract of an article, document, or speech is a short piece of writing that gives the main points of it. 摘要例：It might also be necessary to supply an abstract of the review of the literature as well.可能也有必要提供这篇文学评论的摘要。3. sculpture /sklptr/ ( sculptures )1. N-VAR A sculpture is a work of art that is produced by carving or shaping stone, wood, clay, or other materials. 雕塑例：.stone sculptures of figures and animals.人物及动物石雕。2. N-UNCOUNT Sculpture is the art of creating sculptures. 雕塑 (艺术)例：Both studied sculpture.两人都学过雕塑。4. sculptor /sklptr/ ( sculptors )N-COUNT A sculptor is someone who creates sculptures. 雕塑家5. gallery /glri/ ( galleries )1. N-COUNT; N-IN-NAMES A gallery is a place that has permanent exhibitions of works of art in it. (艺术作品的) 陈列室; 美术馆例：.an art gallery.一座美术馆。2. N-COUNT A gallery is a privately owned building or room where people can look at and buy works of art. 私人字画店例：The painting is in the gallery upstairs.那幅画在楼上的字画店里。PHRASE If you play to the gallery, you do something in public in a way which you hope will impress people. 哗众取宠例：.but I must tell you that in my opinion youre both now playing to the gallery.但是我必须告诉你们，在我看来你们俩现在都是在哗众取宠。6. faith /fe/ ( faiths )1. N-UNCOUNT If you have faith in someone or something, you feel confident about their ability or goodness. 信心例：People have lost faith in the government.人们已失去了对政府的信心。2. N-UNCOUNT Faith is strong religious belief in a particular God. 宗教信仰例：Umberto Ecos loss of his own religious faith is reflected in his novels.翁贝托埃科宗教信仰的丧失在他的小说当中得到了反映。3. N-COUNT A faith is a particular religion, for example, Christianity, Buddhism, or Islam. 宗教例：England shifted officially from a Catholic to a Protestant faith in the 16th century.英格兰在16世纪正式从信仰天主教改信新教。4. PHRASE If you do something in good faith, you seriously believe that what you are doing is right, honest, or legal, even though this may not be the case. 真心实意地例：This report was published in good faith but we regret any confusion which may have been caused.发表这份报告出自诚意，但是我们对可能引发的任何混乱而感到遗憾。7. faithfully /fefli/1. CONVENTION When you start a formal or business letter with Dear Sir or Dear Madam, you write Yours faithfully before your signature at the end. 您忠实的 (正式信函或商务信函末尾署名前的套语)8. faithful /fefl/1. ADJ Someone who is faithful to a person, organization, idea, or activity remains firm in their belief in them or support for them. 忠实的例：She had been faithful to her promise to guard this secret.她一直信守诺言保守着这个秘密。N-PLURAL The faithful are people who are faithful to someone or something. 忠实的人例：He spends his time making speeches at factories or gatherings of the Party faithful.他花时间在工厂或者在该党忠实拥护者的集会上发表演讲。faithfully ADV 忠实地 ADV with v例：He has since 1965 faithfully followed and supported every twist and turn of government policy.他从1965年起忠实地追随并支持政府政策的每一次重大转变。2. ADJ Someone who is faithful to their husband, wife, or lover does not have a sexual relationship with anyone else. 忠贞的例：Im very faithful when I love someone.当我爱一个人时我是非常忠贞的。3. ADJ A faithful account, translation, or copy of something represents or reproduces the original accurately. 忠实于原文的例：Colin Wellands screenplay is faithful to the novel.科林韦兰的电影剧本是忠实于小说原文的。faithfully ADV 忠实于原文地 ADV with v例：When I adapt something I translate from one meaning to another as faithfully as I can.我在改编的时候，我用尽量忠实于原文的方式把一种含义翻译为另一种。9. consequently /knskwntli, -kwntli/ADV Consequently means as a result. 结果FORMAL例：Grandfather had sustained a broken back while working in the mines. Consequently, he spent the rest of his life in a wheelchair.爷爷在矿上做工时受了背伤，结果，他在轮椅上度过了他的余生。10. aim /em/ ( aims, aiming, aimed, to aim )1. V-T/V-I If you aim for something or aim to do something, you plan or hope to achieve it. 以为目标例：He said he would aim for the 100 meter world record at the world championships in August.他说他将以在8月举行的世界锦标赛上打破100米世界纪录为目标。例：Businesses will have to aim at long-term growth.企业必须以长期增长为目标。例：The program aims to educate and prepare students for a challenging career.这个项目旨在教育学生使其为一个具有挑战性的职业做好准备。2. V-T/V-I If you aim to do something, you decide or want to do it. 打算INFORMAL例：I didnt aim to get caught.我并不想被抓到。3. V-T If your actions or remarks are aimed at a particular person or group, you intend that the person or group should notice them and be influenced by them. 针对 usu passive例：His message was aimed at the undecided middle ground of Israeli politics.他所传达的信息针对的是以色列政坛中尚未表态的中间派。4. V-T/V-I If you aim a weapon or object at something or someone, you point it toward them before firing or throwing it. 对瞄准例：When he appeared again, he was aiming the rifle at Wade.他再次出现时，他正将步枪瞄准维德。例：.a missile aimed at the arms factory.一枚瞄准了军工厂的导弹。5. V-T If you aim a kick or punch at someone, you try to kick or punch them. 对准例：They set on him, punching him in the face and aiming kicks at his shins.他们袭击了他，猛打他的脸，并对准他的胫骨猛踢。6. N-COUNT The aim of something that you do is the purpose for which you do it or the result that it is intended to achieve. 目的例：The aim of the festival is to increase awareness of Hindu culture and traditions.这个庆祝活动的目的是增强人们对印度文化和传统的认识。7. V-T If an action or plan is aimed at achieving something, it is intended or planned to achieve it. 旨在例：The new measures are aimed at tightening existing sanctions.这些新措施旨在加强现行的制裁。8. N-SING Your aim is your skill or action in pointing a weapon or other object at its target. 瞄准例：He stood with the gun gripped in his right hand and his left hand steadying his aim.他站着用右手紧握住枪，用左手把稳瞄准。9. PHRASE When you take aim, you point a weapon or object at someone or something, before firing or throwing it. 瞄准例：She had spotted a man with a shotgun taking aim.她看见了一个正在用手持猎枪瞄准的男子。11. conventional /knvnnl/1. ADJ Someone who is conventional has behavior or opinions that are ordinary and normal. (行为观念等) 传统的例：.a respectable married woman with conventional opinions.一个可敬的观念传统的已婚妇女。conventionally ADV 传统地例：Men still wore their hair short and dressed conventionally.男人还是留着短发，着装传统。2. ADJ A conventional method or product is one that is usually used or that has been in use for a long time. 传统的 (方法或产品等)例：.the risks and drawbacks of conventional family planning methods.传统计划生育方法的风险和缺陷。conventionally ADV 传统地 ADV with v例：Organically grown produce does not differ greatly in appearance from conventionally grown crops.有机农产品与传统方法种植的农产品在外观上没有太大的区别。3. ADJ Conventional weapons and wars do not involve nuclear explosives. 常规的 (武器); 不用核武器的 (战争)例：We must reduce the danger of war by controlling nuclear, chemical, and conventional arms.我们必须通过控制核武器、化学武器和常规武器来降低战争的危险。12. typical /tpkl/1. ADJ You use typical to describe someone or something that shows the most usual characteristics of a particular type of person or thing, and is therefore a good example of that type. (某人或某物) 有典型性的; 有代表性的例：Cheney is everyones image of a typical cop: a big white guy, six feet, 220 pounds.切尼是每个人心目中典型的警察形象：高大的白人，身高6英尺，体重220磅。2. ADJ If a particular action or feature is typical of someone or something, it shows their usual qualities or characteristics. (行为或特征) 典型的例：This reluctance to move toward a democratic state is typical of totalitarian regimes.这种不愿朝民主国家迈进的态度是极权主义政体的典型特征。13. evident /vdnt/ 名词形式evidence1. ADJ If something is evident, you notice it easily and clearly. 清晰易见的例：His footprints were clearly evident in the heavy dust.他的脚印在厚厚的灰尘中清晰可见。例：The threat of inflation is already evident in bond prices.通货膨胀的威胁在证券价格上已经是明显可见的。2. ADJ You use evident to show that you are certain about a situation or fact and your interpretation of it. 显然的例：It was evident that she had once been a beauty.很显然的，她曾经是个美人。14. self-evidentADJ A fact or situation that is self-evident is so obvious that there is no need for proof or explanation. 不证自明的; 不言而喻的例：It is self-evident that we will never have enough resources to meet the demand.不言而喻，我们将永远不会有足够的资源来满足需求。15. Giotto di Bondone 乔托（意大利文艺复兴初期的画家和雕塑家）16. renaissance /rnsns/1. N-PROPER The Renaissance was the period in Europe, especially Italy, in the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries, when there was a new interest in art, literature, science, and learning. 文艺复兴时期例：.the Renaissance masterpieces in Londons galleries.伦敦美术馆里文艺复兴时期的杰作。2. N-SING If something experiences a renaissance, it becomes popular or successful again after a time when people were not interested in it. 复兴例：Popular art is experiencing a renaissance.通俗艺术正在复兴。17. the Renaissance文艺复兴时期18. adopt /dpt/( adopts, adopting, adopted, to adopt )1. V-T If you adopt a new attitude, plan, or way of behaving, you begin to have it. 采纳; 采用例：The United Nations General Assembly has adopted a resolution calling on all parties in the conflict to seek a political settlement.联合国大会已采纳了一项呼吁所有冲突各方寻求政治解决的决议。adoption N-UNCOUNT采纳; 采用例：The group is working to promote the adoption of broadband wireless access over long distances.该集团正在致力于推广远距离宽带无线访问的采用。2. V-T/V-I If you adopt someone elses child, you take it into your own family and make it legally your son or daughter. 收养例：There are hundreds of people desperate to adopt a child.有数以百计的人极其渴望收养小孩。adoption N-VAR收养例：They gave their babies up for adoption.他们放弃了自己的婴儿让别人收养。19. humanistic ,hjmnstk adj. 人文主义的；人道主义的例：Before designing a residential area with humanistic space of course the behavior requirements and living habits of the dwellers must be taken into consideration firstly.当然，设计一个具有人性化空间的居住区首先必须了解居住者的行为需求，生活习惯。例： And second is new understanding. We define Olympic as humanistic Olympics , green Olympics and Scientic Olympics.第二种是对奥运会的新解,我们把它定义为人文奥运,绿色奥运和科技奥运.20. possess /pzs/ ( possesses, possessing, possessed, to possess )V-T If you possess something, you have it or own it. 拥有例：He was then arrested and charged with possessing an offensive weapon.他之后被逮捕了并被指控拥有攻击性武器。21. possession /pzn/( possessions )1. N-UNCOUNT If you are in possession of something, you have it, because you have obtained it or because it belongs to you. 拥有FORMAL例：Those documents are now in the possession of the Washington Post.那些文件现在归华盛顿邮报所有。例：He was also charged with illegal possession of firearms.他还被指控非法拥有火器。2. N-COUNT Your possessions are the things that you own or have with you at a particular time. 财产; 所有物例：People had lost their homes and all their possessions.人们已失去了家园和所有的财产。22. superb /suprb/1. ADJ If something is superb, its quality is very good indeed. 极好的例：There is a superb 18-hole golf course 6 miles away.6英里外有个极好的18洞高尔夫球场。superbly ADV 极好地例：The orchestra played superbly.这支管弦乐队演奏得好极了。2. ADJ If you say that someone has superb confidence, control, or skill, you mean that they have very great confidence, control, or skill. (信心、控制力或技巧) 超凡的例：With superb skill he managed to make a perfect landing.他以超凡的技巧设法完成了一次完美的着陆。superbly ADV 超凡地例：.his superbly disciplined opponent.他的那个受过超凡训练的对手。23. perspective /prspktv/ ( perspectives )1. N-COUNT A particular perspective is a particular way of thinking about something, especially one that is influenced by your beliefs or experiences. 思维方式; 看法例：He says the death of his father 18 months ago has given him a new perspective on life.他说个月前他父亲的去世使他对人生产生了新的看法。例：.two different perspectives on the nature of adolescent development.关于青春期发育特点的两种不同观点。2. PHRASE If you get something in perspective or into perspective, you judge its real importance by considering it in relation to everything else. If you get something out of perspective, you fail to judge its real importance in relation to everything else. (看待事物) 正确/不正确地例：Remember to keep things in perspective.记住要正确地看待事物。例：I let things get out of perspective.我没能正确地看待事物。24. technique /tknik/ ( techniques )1. N-COUNT A technique is a particular method of doing an activity, usually a method that involves practical skills. 技术例：.tests performed using a new technique.采用一种新技术做的试验。2. N-UNCOUNT Technique is skill and ability in an artistic, sporting, or other practical activity that you develop through training and practice. 技艺; 技能例：He went off to the Amsterdam Academy to improve his technique.他去了阿姆斯特丹学院以提高技艺。25. Masaccio m:s:tt:n. 马萨乔（意大利画家）例：This techique was first used by Masaccio in 1428.马萨乔在1428年首先使用了这种手法。26. coincidence /konsdns/ ( coincidences )N-VAR A coincidence is when two or more similar or related events occur at the same time by chance and without any planning. 巧合例：Mr. Berry said the timing was a coincidence and that his decision was unrelated to Mr. Romans departure.贝里先生说时间的安排是个巧合，而且他的决策与罗曼先生的离去毫无关系。27. by coincidence 碰巧地例：By coincidence,they met again after losing contact for twenty years.由于巧合，他们在失去联系20年后又相遇了。28. masterpiece /mstrpis/ ( masterpieces )1. N-COUNT A masterpiece is an extremely good painting, novel, movie, or other work of art. 杰作例：His book, I must add, is a masterpiece.他的书，我必须补充一点，是一部杰作。2. N-COUNT An artists, writers, or composers masterpiece is the best work that they have ever produced. 代表作例：Mans Fate, translated into sixteen languages, is probably his masterpiece.人类的命运，被翻译成16种文字，可能是他的代表作。29. impression /mprn/ ( impressions )1. N-COUNT Your impression of a person or thing is what you think they are like, usually after having seen or heard them. Your impression of a situation is what you think is going on. 印象; 认识例：What were your first impressions of college?你对大学的第一印象是什么？例：My impression is that they are totally out of control.我的认识是他们完全失去了控制。2. N-SING If someone gives you a particular impression, they cause you to believe that something is the case, often when it is not. (常指错误的) 印象例：I dont want to give the impression that Im running away from the charges.我并不想给人留下一种我在逃避指控的印象。3. PHRASE If someone or something makes an impression, they have a strong effect on people or a situation. 造成强烈影响例：The type of aid coming in makes no immediate impression on the horrific death rates.这种即将到来的救助不会对恐怖的死亡率造成立杆见影的强烈影响。4. PHRASE If you are under the impression that something is the case, you believe that it is the case, usually when it is not actually the case. (通常是错误地) 认为例：He had apparently been under the impression that a military coup was in progress.他显然一直认为一场军事政变正在进行。30. impressionist mprenstn. 印象主义者；印象派作家例：With fewer Old Masters or Impressionist paintings coming on to the market, many of these institutions have focused on buying dramatic contemporary work to make their mark.如今的艺术市场越来越少有早期绘画大师的作品或印象派的绘画，许多博物馆机构则集中精力购买超凡的当代作品来使自己一鸣惊人31. post-impressionist 后印象主义者；后印象派作家32. a great deal大量；非常例：A great deal can be learned about a company from their answer to that question.从他们对这个问题的回答中可以得到有关这个公司的大量信息。例：In order for a calf roper to become proficient he must spend a great deal of time practicing.一个套小牛的选手要想成为行家里手，他必须花费大量的时间来进行练习。33. shadow /do / ( shadows, shadowing, shadowed，to shadow )1. N-COUNT A shadow is a dark shape on a surface that is made when something stands between a light and the surface. 影子; 阴影例：An oak tree cast its shadow over a tiny round pool.一棵橡树在一个小圆池塘上投下了它的影子。例：Nothing would grow in the shadow of the gray wall.没有任何东西会在那堵灰墙的阴影里生长。2. PHRASE If you say that something is true without a shadow of a doubt or without a shadow of doubt, you are emphasizing that there is no doubt at all that it is true. 一丝怀疑例：It was without a shadow of a doubt the best weve played.那毫无疑问是我们表现最出色的一次。3. PHRASE If you live in the shadow of someone or in their shadow, their achievements and abilities are so great that you are not noticed or valued. 在某人的阴影下例：He has always lived in the shadow of his brother.他一直生活在他哥哥的阴影之下。34. ridiculous /rdkyls/ADJ If you say that something or someone is ridiculous, you mean that they are very foolish. 荒唐可笑的例：It is ridiculous to suggest we are having a romance.说我们之间有风流韵事真是荒唐可笑。35. controversial /kntrvrl/ADJ If you de