听力考试技巧.doc

考什么-内容1、 数字 2、时间 3、活动地点场所 4、人物关系和身份 5、细节题A、数字和时间类：包括直接型和计算型。 【例题1】： W: Your library books are due on December 13th. If you have not finished using them by then, you may renew them once. M: Thank you very much . I only need them for a few days. Q: When must the man return his books to the library? 【例题2】： W: Do you live in a college dormitory? M: Yes, I do. Its a six-man suite, but at the moment only four of us live there. Q: How many people share the suite now?l 问钟点（可用替换），如： Man (M): What time did yesterdays football match start? Woman (W): It was supposed to start at a quarter to 7, but it was delayed an hour. Question (Q): When did the game finally start? B、 身份及人物关系类 【例题】： M: Good evening, Madam. There is a table for two over there. This way, please. W: Thank you. Could I see the menu, please? Q: Whats the relationship between the man and woman? A) Husband and wife. B) Waiter and customer. C) Salesman and customer. D) Host and guest. C、地点及场所类：这类题在听力对话中也较简单，考生只需掌握表示地点及方位的介词短语，抓住其中的关键场景特点，就能辨认对话发生的场所。 【例题】： M: I need to cash this check? W: Will you step right over to the tellers window, please? Q: Where is the conversation most probably taking place? D、活动类：这一类谈话内容可涉及上课、娱乐、工作、日常生活等各种情况。 【例题】： W: Are you going to New York next weekend? M: Yes, Im going to look up Bill while Im there. Q: Whats the man going to do? 这类对话中往往先后出现几种情况，要注意听问句是什么，然后再作出选择。E.、细节类 1） 问是什么、要什么、讨论什么、什么种类等，如： What is the mans answer? What does the woman want for lunch? What are they talking about? What kind of books does the man want to borrow? 2）问做什么，如： What does the woman tell the man to do first? What are the speakers doing now? What will happen if John fails the exam? 3）问什么含义，如： What does the man mean (imply) ? What does the womans answer suggest? 4）问从对话中能获得什么信息或结论，如： What can we learn from the conversation? What can be concluded from this conversation? 5）问对某人或某事有什么看法，如： What does the man think of Miss Brown? What does the woman think of the plan? 6）用提问的问题可以问原因，也可以问目的，如： Why is the man late? Why did the man repair the car by himself? 7）问做某事的方式、方法或使用的交通工具，如： How did the teacher usually begin his class? How does the man usually go to work? 8） 问对某事的感受如何，如： How does the man feel about the movie? How do you like the film? 怎么考-方式 短对话一直以来都是四级考试中最有规律也最易提高的部分，这主要是因为对话本身必须兼顾文化背景常识与语言考查点两个部分，所以考试时既不会出两人见面问候“吃了没”这样不符合文化背景的题目，也鲜见直接对yes, no这样简单单词提问的没有任何考查难度的题目。正是出于这两点考虑，加之为了保证考试成绩的公正性与平衡性，四级考试的短对话部分产生了一些固有的套路和思维模式。方式一 否定类 （2010.6 14、17题）否定类题目最重要的线索是抓住表示否定的关键词。值得注意的是，这类题一般都不是以明显的否定方式出现的，所以考生需多加注意。另外，要注意否定形式、肯定意义的结构，如：I couldnt agree with you more.这句话相当于I agree with you completely.表示否定的关键词有：l 否定副词和形容词：hardly, rarely, little, seldom, few, never等l 否定代词和连词：nothing, nobody, neither, nor, none等l 否定前缀或后缀：im-, un-, dis-, non-, -less等l 表否定意义的其他词：fail, miss, avoid, deny, refuse, doubt, far from, anything but, instead of, rather than等。【例题】： M: Ann, do you have any extra money you could loan me? W: I wish I could help you. I went shopping yesterday. Now I have only two dollars till the end of the week. Q: Will the man borrow any money from the woman? 此题的答案肯定是No。听这段话时要抓住I wish I could help you.这一关键话语。这句话虽然从表面上看是肯定式，但却隐含着Im sorry I cant help you.的意思。 方式二 虚拟语气 （2010.6 15题）虚拟语气是考试中最容易失分的一个部分，而虚拟语气又常常作为考查点出现在条件句。虚拟语气，顾名思义，是虚拟的一种情况，换句话说，是和现实情况相反的或是不太可能出现的。使用虚拟虚拟语气的条件句又称为非真实条件句，它和一般的真实条件句存在很大的区别。（2010.6 15题）例如：W: Will you go to the party tonight?M1: I will if I have time.M2: I would if I had time. M1的回答表明，他如果有时间会去，这是一个真实的条件句；而M2的回答使用了虚拟语气，是一个非真实的条件句。也就是说，他有时间的可能性微乎其微，所以他是不会去的。 可见对含有虚拟语气的非真实条件句的解读方式是和真实条件句不同的，或者说是相反的。解读虚拟语气的思路简单说就是“反着选答案”。如果听到的虚拟语气是一句肯定的说法，那么真实的情况就是否定的。反之亦然。又如：I wouldnt have troubled him so much if I had known he was so busy. 这句话使用的是否定“不打扰教授”但是因为是虚拟语气，表示和过去的情况相反，那么事实的情况是“经常打扰”。这就是虚拟语气“反着选答案”的解题方式。方式三 转折词语 （2010.6 11、16、18题） M: I ran into our friend Mark yesterday on the street, and he said he hadnt heard from you in two months. W: Yes, I know. But Ive been too busy to phone him. Q: What can be inferred from the conversation? (04.6/No.1) D) Mark and the woman had not been in touch for some time.方式四 well，oh 语气词 （2010.6 13、17题） W: Professor, a few of us at the back didnt get your copy of reading as assignment. M: Well, there are only 38 names on my class list. And I didnt bring any spare copies. Q: what do we learn from the conversation? (05.1/No.7) C) Some of the students are not on the professors list.1) W: If the weather is this hot tomorrow, we may as well give up the idea of playing tennis in the afternoon. M: Oh. I dont think itll last long. The weather forecast says it will cloud-over by mid-afternoon. Q: What does the man mean? (05.1/No.10) A) They shouldnt change their plan. B) Theyd better change their mind.方式五 反问-建议/反驳 （2010.6 12题）1) M: Washing dishes at the restaurant every day is really boring. W: Why dont you quit and deliver flowers for me?Q: What does the woman advise the man to do? D) Leave his job to work for her.2) M: Alien is in the basement trying to repair the washing machine.W: He isnt going to work his term paper?Q: What does woman think Alien should do? 方式六 话里有话题 （六级常考）1) W: Shouldnt someone go pick up the clothes from the laundry? They were ready 3 hours ago. M: Dont look at me, mom. Q: What does the boy mean? (CET6/04.6/No.6) A) Hes unwilling to fetch the laundry.2) W: I cant believe Karen is late for such an importance occasion as a job interview.I reminded her time and again yesterday.M: You should have known her better by now. Everything you tell her goes in one ear and out the other.Q: What does the man imply? (CET6/05.1/No.7) A) Karen is very forgetful.考题方式1.否定类（2010.6 14、17题） 2.虚拟语气（2010.6 15题）3.转折词语（2010.6 11、16、18题） 4.well，oh 语气词（2010.6 13题）5.反问-建议（2010.6 12题） 6.话里有话题（六级常考）如何做-解题技巧1.提前审题，预读选项推断问题-确定可能考察哪种类型或什么内容的问题，以便听时有重点，划关键词， 2.预测答案-意思相近的选项皆可直接排除 -其中一个选项与其它三个毫无关联可直接排除-语义对立的选项二选一必为答案-形态相似的选项预示着答案-确定关注目标，注意是he还是she，尤其出现第三者3. 听录音时，注意两条-文化背景常识和语言考察点 1）文化背景: 男女原则：一般男生比较衰，女生比较牛。男生提出的观点女生都是不同意或有不同看法的，反之女生提出的观点男生都是同意和赞赏的。男生的特征：脏、乱、差、浪费、不良习惯、迟钝、不顾家。女生的特征：爱干净、节约、好学、能干、聪明、大度、耐心、恋家、成绩都很好。 M: Can I borrow your math textbook? I lost mine on the bus. W: Youve asked the right person. I happened to have an extra copy. Q: What does the woman mean? (04.6/No.7)B) She can help the man out.对话十大场景及一般思路1. 借车、借钱：一般借不到的（2010.6 12题）2. 吃：匹萨，海鲜吃了一般会有不适反应，“派”一般比较好吃。3. 考试：作业、论文一般比较难或需要熬夜；教授一般比较严厉；选修课较难较多。4. 坐车、飞机、轮船：一般都需要等。5. 事故、灾难：光明原则，一般不会死人。6. 听讲座：题目一般比较有趣，内容一般比较难懂。7. 论文：一般需要进行文字修改(polish)或重写(rewrite)。 8. 休闲：男生一般喜欢待在家里看电视，女生一般喜欢外出。 9. 医院或公司：需要预约(make an appointment)。10. 买票：基本上是买不到的。 四级听力短对话只考日常生活学习中遇到的事情和问题，符合正常思维 ，例如：凡事不应该放弃；高雅的东西永远值得推崇；教授的演讲虽然有时boring但是最终永远是正面评价；作业虽然多但是永远有方法克服； 考试一定要努力，否则没有好结果等。如果选项中出现一些日常生活中不太可能发生或很少发生的事情，该选项一般不会是正确选项。注意：东西方文化差异1、西方人不谦虚。一般都self-confidence。拒绝时很直接。2、西方人崇尚个人奋斗。借钱肯定不借；借笔记一般也不成；对钱看的很重，很敏感。3、西方人态度积极，内向、安静，胆小、害羞等中性词他们则视为贬义2）语言考察点 表示建议时-委婉l Why not How about What about l If I were you I would had better Letl Its high time. 早就应该这么做了（表达强烈主观愿望，选项中找should） Its time. Its right time.l Its about time. Its just time.虚拟语气1、与过去相反：might have/ could have/ should have 把后面内容反过来为正确选项。2、与现在相反：if I were you I would 应理解成 you shouldA: I didnt promise the job in Microsoft.B. Ah? If I were you, I would have promised it.But，well题型but以后是重点。这类考题的回答都是：Id love to, Id like to, Sounds great, Sounds a lot of fun. but .，认真听后面的话.考点在这里反问一般表示不同意例句：A: Its a bit warm out(暖和) today.B: Warm? You can fry an egg on the