现代大学英语lesson 2 word study.doc

Lesson 2 Word study1. vanish v. to disappear suddenly, esp. in a way that cannot easily be explainedExamples:1) I turned around again, the boy had vanished.2) It is a bad idea to let Tom Cruise vanish for almost an hour in the middle of his picture.3) Many species in South America have vanished completely.vanish from sight 消失不见vanish into the void 化为乌有vanish into thin air 从人间蒸发掉vanish without 从人间蒸发掉2. stainv. a. to accidentally make a mark on sth. esp. one that cannot be removedb. to change the color of sth., especially sth.made of wood, by using a special liquid Synomym: dyeExamples:1)This tablecloth stains very easily. 2)Her fingers were stained yellow from years of smoking.3)Stain the table before you varnish it.3. standv. a. to bear, tolerate b. to be or stay in a particular state or condition c. to be proved to be true, correct, useful, etc. when testedCollations:cant stand (sb./sth.) doing sth. cant stand to do sth. cant stand the sight/thought, etc. ofI cant stand people smoking around me when Im eating.She cant stand to hear her parents arguing about her personal affairs.I know he cant stand the sight of me.She couldnt stand the thought of losing her children.4. something n. a thing or a person of some value or importance Examples:1) He considers himself to be something, but actually he is nothing. 2) She thinks shes something since she won the beauty contest.Collacations:make something of yourself: to become successful be (really/quite) something: spoken used to say that something is very good and impressivetheres something in/to something: used to admit that someones words are true or their ideas are successful, etc.3) He looked like a man who might be able tomake something of himself if a good woman took him in hand.4) Running your own company at 21 is really something. 5) They had to concede that there was something in his teaching methods.5. approach v. to move towards or nearer to someone or something approachable (a.) approachless approachability (n.) Examples:1)I heard footsteps approaching.2) As I approached the forest, a hare ran out of the trees.TranslationsHe is hard to approach. 他很难接近。His best approach to the great man lay through a mutual friend.对他说来，要接近那位伟人，最好的办法是通过一个双方都认识的朋友。Researchers are looking for new ways to approach the problem.研究人员正在寻找新的处理这个问题的方法。6. screamv. a. to give a loud, sharp cry or cries as of fear or pain b. to cry sth. in a loud shrill voice synomyms: shriek / yellExamples:1) As a child, I used to wake up screaming with terror in the middle of the night.2) Adam screamed, loud and violent, in his attempt to absorb the pain.3) She screamed out that there was a burglar under the bed.Collations: let out a scream a scream of laughter/terror7. triumph n. a. C an important victory or success after a difficult struggle b. U a feeling of pleasure and satisfaction that you get from victory or success triumphant(a.)Examples:1) Winning the scholarship is a great personal triumph.2) The Government Commission was established here in triumph, and sank here into obscurity. 3) A fine sweat was beading his forehead but there was a grin of triumph on his face.8. exaltation n. a very strong feeling of happiness: exalt (v.) exalted (a.)Examples:1) My depression had lifted and my mood had changed to exaltation.2) Teammates who were strangers before the party are instantly bonded, and victory is celebrated with fists-in-the-air exaltation.9. stun v. to surprise or upset someone so much that they do not react immediately Examples:1) His words stunned her, and she stared at him in disbelief.2) Sara was too stunned by what had happened to say a word.10. misty a. a. (eyes) full of tears, esp. because you are remembering a time in the past b. not clear or bright c. (weather) with a lot of mist Synonyms: foggy hazy Examples:1)Toward evening, the weather turned and, as they approached the dock, the sky was gray and misty.2) He paused, his eyes growing misty.3)Without my glasses everything is just a misty blur.II. Phrases and Expressions1. dream of/about to imagine and think about sth. that you would like to happen Examples:1) The girl dreamed of becoming a movie star.2) Some thought it was the breakthrough scientists had dreamed of.3) Hes got the sort of money that you and I can only dream about.2. pass throughto go through a town, etc., perhaps stopping there for a short time, but not stayingExamples:1) As they passed through the flooded areas, they felt bad. 2) We passed through the gates into a courtyard behind.3) We were just passing through (= travelling through a place) and thought wed drop in to see you.pass (a place): to go past a place without enteringExamples:4)On her way to work she passed a supermarket.5) We passed a group of students outside the theatre.3. pull into (of a vehicle) to arrive at (a station); move in towards Examples:1) They will pull into the station at 7 sharp.2) The train pulled into the station on the stroke of 12.3) Lets pull into the parking lot and have a rest.Opposite: pull outif a train pulls out, it leaves a stationExamples:The three-thirty is pulling out of platform four.We got there just as the train was pulling out.4. wonder about/at to feel curious about; be doubtful about Examples:1) John says he didnt do it, but I am still wondering about that.2 )Sometimes I wonder about his behaviour.3) He wondered at her ability never to reveal the slightest disquiet in front of her husband.5. engage sb. in to make sb. take part in sth. Examples:1) She tried to engage her roommate in a philosophical discussion.2) They spoke little about life outside the organization despite my efforts to engage them in conversation about it.3) They engaged him in a new project.6. retreat into/to to yield; move back to Examples:1) The soldiers were ordered to retreat to safer positions.2) At last we forced the enemy to retreat into the mountains from the town.3) More and more she retreated into books.Collocations:retreat into oneself 不与人交往 ，离群索居retreat into ones shell 变得缄默，不愿与人接触retreat into fantasy 退避到梦幻世界7. forget abouta. to lose remembrance of; fail to keep in memory; fail to recall b. to stop thinking or worrying about someone or something c. not to care about or give attention to someone or something any longer Examples:1) She forgot all about their anniversary.2) Once they have money, some people forget about all their old friends.3) Id completely forgotten about our bet until Bill reminded me.8. come through to arrive as expected Examples:1) Has the train come through?2) Were still waiting for our exam results to come through. 3) There is news just coming through of an explosion in a chemical factory.“come” phrasescome about 发生，产生come across 偶然遇见，碰上come down with 得，染上（病）come off 发生，举行；结果；成功come out (书等）出版，发行come through 胜利，成功；经历仍活着come up with 提出，想出come up to 等于，比得上，达到（标准等）9. be/get caught up in to be completely absorbed in or get involved in Examples:1)I was caught up in conversation with a friend when someone knocked at the door.2) I am painfully aware of how we get caught up in our times and become contaminated by our own hypocrisy.3) I didnt want to get caught up in endless petty arguments.“catch” phrasescatch at 拼命抓住catch on 懂得，理解；流行起来 catch up 把缠住，把卷入 catch out 发觉（某人）有错误（或做坏事） catch up with 赶上，追上 catch up on 赶完，弥补（耽误的工作等）；（事后）得到关于的消息10. fortify oneself against to strengthen (sth. or oneself) so as to be able to deal with (i.e. an attack) Examples:1) Have some hot ginger soup to fortify yourself against cold.2) He fortified himself against the cold with a heavy coat.11. make ones way to to go forward with difficulty