语言转换训练技巧导入和技巧巩固单句.doc

一、技巧导入英汉分属不同的语系，英语常被比作“葡萄藤”，汉语则为“竹竿”。几种英汉口译中在句型结构上的主要调整方式：1. 增译法增添 一些 单词短语或句子1）if only I could attend her graduation ceremony.2) 只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯。While the magistrates were free to burn down the house, the common people were forbidden to light lamps. 3）我们应该努力消除城乡差别。We should try to eliminate the differences between urban areas and rural areas. 4）在政治领域，中国反对以大欺小、以强凌弱。In the field of politics, China opposes the practice of the big oppressing the small and the strong bullying the weak. 2. 省译法1） You will be staying in this hotel during your visit in Wuhan.2) 中国政府历来重视环境保护和污染防治工作。3. 转换法词类句型语态1）由于我们实行了改革开放政策，我国的综合国力有了明显的增强。Thanks to the introduction of reform and opening up policy, our overall national strength has been greatly improved. 2) in some African countries, the people are deprived of social benefits such as medical insurance.3) 时间不早了，我们回去吧！4. 拆句法和合并法1）the behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items for behaviors often seem to be directly observed and partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find.2) 中国是个大国，80%的人口从事农业，但耕地只占土地总面积的十分之一，其余则为山脉、森林、城镇和其他用地。 5.正译法和反译法1）人们可以从因特网上获得这一信息。2）她仍然没有弄懂我的意思。6.倒置法1）at this moment, by the means of telecommunications, more people are seeing and hearing what we say than on any other occasions in the whole history of the world. 2） 改革开放以来，中国发生了巨大的变化。 7. 包孕法He is the representative of a company with which we have established close relationship. 8. 插入法如果宣布收回香港如夫人所说“带来灾难性影响”的话，那我们将勇敢地面对这个灾难，做出决策。9. 重组法There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry. 10. 综合法And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with sub millimeter accuracyfar greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone. 二、技巧练习：单句笔译1. This will be particularly true since energy shortage will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high fields. 2. 虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。3. but one basic difference of viewpoint at present concerns the question of whether or not the city as such is to be preserved.4. 中国人民历来是勇于探索、勇于创造、勇于革命的。5. until such time as mankind has the sense to reduce its population to ensure the planet can provide sufficient support for all, people will have to accept more “unnatural food”.6. 语言这个东西不是随便就能学好的，非下苦功不可。7. behaviorists suggest that the child who grows up in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development. 8. 加强环境、生态保护，合理开发利用资源，这是功在当代、泽及子孙的大事。9.the above facts insist on the following conclusions.10. 她的解释不能让人满意。11. this university has 5 newly-established disciplines, namely, Electronic Computer, Nutriology, Archaeology, Remote Sensing and Genetic Engineering. 12. 虽然我们用肉眼无法看到太空中的某些星球，但我们可以通过望远镜看到他们。13. reading is one of the most important criteria to judge a persons command of a foreign language. 14. they are keen on making a better life for all people, especially for those who have not been given a fair chance before now. 15. what brings us together is that we have the common dream that we shall strive hard for the peace of all the peoples all over the world. 16. 当一种新的艺术倾向形成某种时尚时，理智的态度是弄清倡导者们的意图何在，即使是再荒唐可笑、毫无道理的主张将来也有可能被认为是正确的。17.另一个不必担心石油价格上涨的原因是，70年代油价上涨的背景是物价通货膨胀和全球需求过量，而这次油价上涨不同于70年代。18. take the Chinese acupunctures as an example.: this traditional treatment which would strike any Westerner as incredible in the past is finally finding its way to the West and hence the underlying notion that illness is resulted from the imbalance between Yin and Yang within the body.19. additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movementsmade relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.20. wit