工程项目管理4.docx

工程类文献翻译：浅谈工程项目管理关键词：工程项目 管理 技术技能 人际技能 概念技能 成本控制摘要：以项目管理为主线，强调了工程项目管理建设特别是项目经理配备、项目经理人际沟通能力、工程项目管理所要做的一个强化、两个开好、三个技巧掌握、四个不要忘记的以成本控制为核心的项目管理以及工程总结的必要性。Discusses the engineering project Management shallowlyAbstract: Take the project management as the master line, emphasized the engineering project management construction is specially project manager provides, project manager to communicate a strengthening which, two ability, the engineering project administration center must do to open, three skills interpersonally to grasp, four not to need to forget by the cost control the necessity which summarizes for the core project management as well as the project.Key word: Engineering project; Management; Technical skill; Interpersonal skill; Concept skill; Cost controlTake the steel structure, the elevator, the fire prevention, for draining water, the air conditioning, well ventilated, the template scaffold, the line, the pipeline, the building windows and doors, the curtain wall, the anticorrosion, the weak electricity, the waterproofing, the painting and so on steel structure primarily (also have outside fire prevention, air conditioning, elevator, municipal administration, building decoration and so on) the enterprise are a collection specialized design, the component (product) process the manufacture, the work as a bodys specialized enterprise, this had decided its engineering project management is in the civil construction (or mechanical and electrical installment) under the project primary contractor integrated management specialized management, because the engineering project is disposable, but in enterprise interior regarding each engineering projectIs by the marketing, the design, the processing manufacture, the supply, the project manufacture, the supply, the project management five large-scale systems realizes, but the project management work is various departments work final manifestation, and may realize two times the marketing, for this reason must use modernized the managerial technique and the method, the strengthening engineering project management, the organization high benefit construction, causes the element of production optimum composition, the reasonablbusinesstranslation/2010/0606/lw201006061001576933.htmle disposition, guaranteed that the construction production the equalization, achieves the project goal and causes the enterprise to obtain the good combined earnings.Because the engineering project is disposable, therefore the engineering project management is the entire process which, the omni-directional plan, the organization, the surveillance, the control to cause the project to realize requests the quality which, stipulates the time limit which, to authorize the expense budget which carries on and coordinated. sets up the project department according to the project different condition, the key is must match project Manager an engineering project, because the resilience size, the difficulty degree, sub-item project how many and so on is different, this had decided an engineering projects actual state sets up the project department, and matches project manager, project manager is specially when a small project only matches project manager, he takes an engineering project the first owner, is the project quality key, his synthesizing capacity, specially organizes the leadership to be more important, but whether does this organization leadership work ability height manifest the key to lie in the full reassignment general workersThe enthusiasm, for this reason, a project department sets up is specially project managers equipment this to achieves the engineering project goal is very important, simultaneously has also decided an engineering project result .The project department construction needs to pay great attention its project department component members, specially project manager must grasp the competence level at the same time to grasp certain management level, must have three kind of basic management skills: one is the technical skill: All work need some professionals, it to be the essential abilities which a person survives, takes the superintendent not in the corresponding technical skill, did not know how to manage, “the layman” said the superintendent who lacks the technical skill, he in the management definitely is the defeat. two are the interpersonal skill: The superintendent must grasp in the crowd works together as colleagues with the human, understood that others, drove others ability, can effective display his managed capacity, the technical skill high person, but is short of the interpersonal skill, is not easy to become the successful superintendent.Third, concept skill: Refers to the human to have mental ability to analyze and the diagnosis complex situation, because the decision-making needs the superintendent to settle on the question, discovers may correct the question the alternative scheme, appraises it to discover the best plan. The superintendent possibly is very splendid in the technology and the interpersonal aspect, but if cannot rationally the processing and the explanation information, he will be defeated in the same old way. The project department superintendent mubusinesstranslation/2010/0606/lw201006061001576933-2.htmlst have the above three kind of basic management skill, even if somebody cannot simultaneously have these three skills, must have two kinds at least, the third kind can pass, he lacks ability, may carry on by other personnel supplementary. A project department achievement team its interior must act according to each persons some aspect ability to be different, carries on supplementary, the division of labor and cooperation, forms one to have the cohesive force collective, as soon as soon as may realize adds is bigger than two effects, like this team also goes smoothly everywhere.Project manager takes a superintendent to improve the quality unceasingly, the develop capacity, must first raise the extension operating time; Displays throughout to the company and the related product interest and the deep love; Undertakes the arduous task voluntarily; Avoids in the operating time chatting and proposes the department or corporate management question and the suggestion good custom to the Department concerned. Next must have the relentless will; Enterprise or project inventor, but is not the wealth pursuer; Is good at cooperating, pays great attention to organize to construct; Dares to take risk; Grasps the opportunity the special characteristic. Must overcome once more does not have the creativity; Is unable to cooperate with the human; Lacks the adaptive faculty; Wastes the time and the money; Does not pay great attention to consult the news collection Without politeness; Lacks the personal connection; Without the knowledge; Specially specialized knowledge; Does not take the health; Too prudent, negative; Blow hot and cold, deficient generals talent; Sets limit, does not think of the bad habit which progresses. Finally must enhance the generalized analysis, the control mood unceasingly, humorous, the lecture and so on synthesizing capacity.The good communication is engineering project successful primary factor the communication method depending on the interpersonal skill, not only the interpersonal skill uses in the internal management, also uses in the engineering project the related side communication. American management science master the mole regards as the interpersonal relationship the matter or project successful primary factors one, accounts for the proportion is 80%, this explained the interpersonal skill is project management the successful primary factor. must be good in the communication process listening attentively and understanding that others need, in insisted the principle in the foundation, has the festival rational through the contact, the exchange, expresses skillfully ones own side request, can convince or force opposite party finally to press own wish management; When processing conflict must have the certainly persuasive brilliant plan, including compromised method; Must grasp the communication interactive, but is not the folk remedy, must transfer opposite party fully, holds the superioritybusinesstranslation/2010/0606/lw201006061001576933-3.html with the powerful ability and the interpersonal skill, serves the anticipated purpose.In the internal communication first is with the marketing personnels communication, must understand the project in the communication the basic situation, related side situation, time request as well as move of bid and contract and so on; Next must carry on communications and so on design cycle, engineering design, project survey with the designers; Carries on the purchase cycle and the fund condition communication once more with the purchase; Its four carry on the fund guarantee with the production processing Branch of manufacture the communication; Finally must achieve with above departments communication to the entire project “knows fairly well”, and through the communication adjustment engineering effort momentarily, guarantees project smooth advance.In exterior mainly with the owner, overseeing, the primary contractor, other related Constructions communication, must first grasp the first time communication in the exterior communication, must make a good impression to opposite party, must find out the project situation in the communication money, as soon as do not by ask that three did not know, do not exaggerate its refined language, must by the point of view which studies to opposite party, communicates the sentiment primarily, understands opposite party, will build the foundation for presents contact, this will be relates the entire project the important link, next must have rational in the daily communication according to, pays great attention effectiveness which will speak, when contract equalityBoth sides, enjoy the same level right which the contract entrusts with, therefore do not be one step below others, in may not for the situation in do not be contrary to convictions to accept, masters the communication skill and the language criterion and the expression, when has the communication difficulty with opposite party, may through the change communication environment, the place, the way carry on the communication. Finally must establish the sentimental relations which one kind trusts mutually, completes a project to make one group of friends, wins the praise. The engineering project management must closely achieve a strengthening, two regarding progress of works this master line to open, three skills to grasp, four not to need to forget that its core is the cost control area organization implements.A strengthening is must strengthen construction troop construction the construction troop is an engineering project final materializer, is also all engineering project participants work result manifests finally; The construction troops construction quality, the construction security, the progress of works, the material consumption decide finally engineering projects result, has constructed one to have the vigor to have the skill construction troop is for this reason guarantees the engineering project goal the key point. Therefore, must first businesstranslation/2010/0606/lw201006061001576933-4.html establish a relative stabilization the construction troop, is can momentarily be adopted by us, can “flush, hits wins”, “as soon as by works as ten”, like this may guarantee that the project construction carries on smoothly; Next must strengthen the subpackage management, the subpackage mainly has the service subpackage and the project subpackage, must carry out “the capital in the subpackage management to examine strictly firmly three, sublets three must”, namely follows the subpackage business evaluation program strictly; Yan Shenge plants the credential, the employing labor procedure and the credit proof; Investigates rigorously the equipment, the technology, the fund, the achievement and so on comprehensive strength. Must sign and fulfill the standard legitimate work contract, must guarantee that has certain technical backbone and the human resources, must cease the whole subpackage and layer upon layer subcontract “by a package of substitute management” the phenomenon. Implements the scene management and the project and the company two level of review mechanisms to the exterior service. Strengthens the dynamic management, main prominent “two principles”, pay special attention to “three key points”, namely strictly in observes Work Law of contract under the premise, insisted that “who employs labor who to be responsible for” and “the education, the use, the management develop simultaneously” the principle. Pays special attention to the subpackage project commodity to pick for and inspects a work project supervisory work and so on valuation, the jamming benefit outflow channel; Pays special attention to the exterior service institution management, at the right moment carries on “the policy tradition, the situation duty, the safe mass, to observe law and discipline with the processing technology” the education, by the good politics, the technology, the management quality and the spiritual outlook, defends the enterprise prestige and the image. Finally as project manager and the project management personnel and the construction troop was sure to remember that do not have the relationship through female relatives, cannot be secretly boss or the joint stock company, also does not want “to eat the card to take wants”, cannot to the construction troop: otherwise “arrogant” you are unable to the construction troop to manage, your project management is doomed is the defeat. two open is must open the operation preparation to be able to meet with the construction planBefore the achievement constructions operation preparation meeting, by the marketing personnel, the design general technological calculation or the main designers, the project management person in charge, the acquisition of material person in charge, the bid designs the person in charge, the audit and so on concerned personnel to participate. First is the marketing personnel carries on the project contract the reassignment, and to the contract proje businesstranslation/2010/0606/lw201006061001576933-5.htmlct place, the construction scope, the main construction item, the contracted amount, the time request, the quality requirement, returns to funds requests and so on way, material type, factory and needs the earlier period coordination which each institute does to carry on gives the low-down, introduction contract execution risk. Next carries on the commercial plan, analyzes in the contract in the plan, the material, the project, the project quality and so on various aspects actual situation and possible, the existence commercial risk, always wraps the situation which, the negotiations concrete responsibility department and the owner the coordination spends. Understood once more construction the scene soft environment (with between owner, overseeing, total packages coordinated relations), owners fund condition (understood owner fund whether reserve sufficient), the scene actual construction condition (primary contractor unit construction progress condition) and so on, prepares for the construction. Finally in the determination contract all implementation is related the personnel the responsibility and the design construction drawing completes signs the chart time, the primary materials factorys definite time, the project department personnel enter the arena progress arrangements and so on time.As the construction organization plans after the design will complete the construction drawing design, before leaving all components or the mate rial will add the workers units, by departments and so on project department organization, design, acquisition of material, production processing, audit, finance participates, first will discuss by the project department formulation construction plan deployment, the progress schedule which the formulation design, the acquisition of material, the production processing, the progress of works four will unite; Next discusses and determined that the primary materials a division raid of question (for example component or material organization and goods supply plan), the design adds the workers units the group volume way to carry on the group volume based on the project plan raid; Discusses once more and determined that the design adds the workers units the progress, primary materials ordering time; The next determination project funds return to the funds again the implementation way, job practice selection select with the constructional force; Finally determination this project management goal.Three skills grasp are grasp the project management to deliver the type and seal the type, the contract change, the construction management three skills. delivers the type and seals the type is not simply according to the contract request, but is must carry on to the enterprise advantageous material the recommendation, adopts the effective communication way, enables its type to achieve to the enterprise advantageous goal. when signs the contract unit prbusinesstranslation/2010/0606/lw201006061001576933-6.htmlice is disadvantageous to the enterprise, may adopt change measures and so on structural style and material, discusses and makes arrangements through the economy, causes its change contract. the graphic interpretation is carries on construction management one good skill, as soon as parameters and so on progress of works, technology, quality by uses each kind of color or the mark on the inside chart sections out, may be clear at a glance the expression clear entire projects progress and the ex