VOA special English(中英文对照部分单词有音标打印版.doc

1.从废弃电子产品中淘金This is the VOA Special English Technology Report.这里是美国之音慢速英语科技报道。Each year, Americans throw away millions of tons of electronic devices. That means business is good for a small electronics recycler in Chantilly, Virginia.每年，美国人都扔掉数百万吨的电子设备。这对弗吉尼亚州尚蒂伊市的一个电子回收小厂来说，意味着生意不错。Company President JeremydermiFaber establishedstblitPC Recycler. He spoke to us from the floor of his companys processing prsesi center. Workers were busy taking apart televisions, cell phones and computers - anything electronic.杰瑞米费伯（Jeremy Faber）是这家电脑回收公司的总裁。他在公司的处理中心与我们交谈。工作人员正忙着拆卸电视，移动电话和电脑等电子产品。Jeremy Faber says the flow of discarded disk:rdid electronics is only increasing.费伯表示，电子产品废弃流只会不断增加。JEREMY FABER: Electronics recycling is the fastest growing waste stream in the United States right now.费伯：“电子产品回收目前是美国增长最快的废品流。”Recycling electronic waste is not a single job. Newer devices can be rebuilt and resold. Breaking down electronics into small parts for refiners rifainz to melt and purifypjur.fai is another part. Operations Manager Andrew Portare says computer circuit s:kit boards are rich resources.回收电子废弃品不是一项简单的工作。较新的电子设备可以修复并出售。另一部分是将电子废弃物分割成小块后交由提炼厂后溶解提纯。运营主管Andrew Portare表示，电脑主板是极丰富的资源。ANDREW PORTARE: Boards have the highest scrap skrp value in them so you can actually see on the back youre looking at different types of metals. This one is a really good example. Some of the older ones are mainly all gold.Andrew Portare：“电脑主板残值最高。看一下主板的背面，你可以看到各类金属。这块主板就是个很好的例子。有些旧主板上的金属主要是黄金。Gold now sells for more than one thousand three hundred dollars an ounce. Twenty-five percent of PC Recyclers sales come from selling parts to refiners.黄金的售价现在超过1300美元一盎司。PC Recycler公司25%的销售额来自向冶炼厂出售元件。Refining rifaini companies pay more than ten dollars a kilogram for computer boards. PC Recycler can also lift profitsprfits by holding metal-rich parts until prices rise.提炼公司以超过10美元每千克的价格来收购计算机主板。PC Recycler公司也可以一直持有金属含量丰富的元件，等价格上涨时出售以提高利润。ANDREW PORTARE: If coppers up one day, we can ship all of our copper kp extractikstrkt and capitalizekptlaiz on the market.Andrew Portare：“如果有一天铜的价格涨了，我们就把持有的所有的铜都提纯出来，然后在市场上折现。”Computers also hold private praivit or secret information. And securing sikjui that data is the fastest growing part of the recycling business. Completely removing data from a computer hard drive is not easy. PC Recycler can remove data magnetically mgnetikli or completely destroy and recycle the drives.计算机还保存着私人或者秘密信息，数据保密目前是回收企业增长最快的一项业务。从硬盘驱动器上完全移除数据不是件容易的事，PC Recycler公司可以通过磁化，或者通过把驱动器完全破坏并回收来移除数据。Discarding waste in a way that meets government environmental protection rules is also important. Old TVs can contain over a kilogram of lead as well as cadmium kdmim - both highly poisonous. pizns以符合政府环保条例的方式来回收废品也很重要。旧电视中含有1千克以上的铅和镉，这两种物质都有剧毒。PC Recycler supports the Basel Action Network, which seeks to limit harmful waste and technology. The company says it does not export ekspurt electronics to China, India or Africa where environmental rules are weak.PC Recycler支持巴塞尔行动网络（Basel Action Network），该网络寻求限制有害废品和技术。该公司表示，他们不会向环保条例薄弱的中国，印度或者非洲出口电子废弃品。Jeremy Faber says PC Recycler has been in business since two thousand three, expanding ikspndi from waste management to other, more technical services. s:visiz费伯表示，PC Recycler公司自2003年开展业务以来，从废品管理扩展到其他技术含量更高的服务。JEREMY FABER: There really isnt a lot of industries out there that are like this. Theres either the scrap industry where theyre shreddingredi cars and shredding tirestaiz and theres the refurbishedri:f:bi PC market and were sort of sit right in between both of those.费伯：“确实没有多少企业像PC Recycler公司一样。有拆解汽车和轮胎的回收公司，也有翻新电脑的市场，而我们刚好介于这两者之间。”2. 抗击牛瘟战役取得圆满胜利This is the VOA Special English Agriculture Report.这里是美国之音慢速英语农业报道。In nineteen ninety-four, animal health expertsekspts started a worldwide campaignkmpein to end rinderpestrind.pest. This disease is closely relatedrileitid to the measlesmi:zlz virus but it does not infectinfekt people. Yet for thousands of years rinderpest has affected people by killing cattle and other animals and causing starvationst:vein.1994年，动物卫生专家在全球范围内展开了一场终结牛瘟的战役。该疾病与麻疹病毒密切相关，但不会传染给人类。然而，千百年来，牛瘟导致牛和其他动物死亡，造成饥荒，给人类造成了极大的影响。The last known outbreak of rinderpest took place in Kenyakenj in two thousand one.牛瘟最近一次的爆发是在2001年的肯尼亚。Now the World Organization for Animal Health is declaring victory against this much-feared sickness. Official confirmationknfmein is not expected until May, when the organization will have reports from the last few countries.目前，世界动物卫生组织（World Organization for Animal Health）宣布，抗击这一令人担忧的疾病的战役取得了胜利。五月份，该组织将获得来自最后几个国家的报告，届时将正式确认这一胜利。But the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization has announced it is ending field operations against rinderpest. Jacques:k Diouf is head of the FAO.但联合国粮农组织（United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization）宣布，他们已终止抗击牛瘟的野外作业。雅克迪乌夫（Jacques Diouf）是该组织的负责人。JACQUES DIOUF: Rinderpest affected Africa, Asia and Europe for millenniamileni and caused widespread faminefmin and decimateddes.meitid millions of animals, both domesticdmestik and wild.迪乌夫：“牛瘟已经影响非洲、亚洲和欧洲上千年，造成数百万家畜和野生动物死亡，导致了大范围的饥荒。”Experts believe rinderpest first came from Asia. The name means cattle plaguepleig in German. The disease was common in Europe until the nineteenth century.专家认为牛瘟最初来自亚洲。rinderpest在德语中意为“牛瘟”，到了20世纪，牛瘟在欧洲已经相当普遍。In Africa in the eighteen hundreds, rinderpest killed eight out of ten infected cattle. Whole herdsh:dz died, leaving people without meat or milk and damagingdmidi economies.19世纪的非洲，牛瘟导致4/5受感染的牛死亡。所有牛群都死掉了，人类损失了大量牛奶和牛肉，对经济造成重创。Rinderpest can spread quickly through the air and in water containing waste from animals with the virus. The disease was deadly in eighty to ninety percent of cases. It mainly sickened cattle and buffalobfl.u, but also other animals including giraffes, yaks and antelope. ntlup牛瘟可以通过空气和被携带该病毒的动物排泄物污染的水传播。这种疾病死亡率在百分之八九十。主要感染牛和水牛。但也包括长颈鹿、牦牛、羚羊等其他动物。Some areas of the world escaped rinderpest. This was probably because of careful effortsefts to prevent the import of sick animals.世界上某些地区避免了牛瘟感染，这可能是由于其严禁染病动物进口的细致措施。In nineteen ninety-nine, Walter Plowright won the World Food Prize as a hero of the fight against rinderpest. The British researcher foughtf:t the disease in Africa in the nineteen fifties and sixties.1999年，沃尔特普莱怀特（Walter Plowright）作为抗击牛瘟英雄获得世界粮食奖。20世纪50年代和60年代的时候，这位英国研究员在非洲致力于抗击牛瘟。He led the development of a vaccinevksi:n called TCRV. A single dosedus of it could protect animals against rinderpest. Food production increased.他领导开发了一种名为TCRV的疫苗。一个剂量的疫苗就能保护动物不受牛瘟感染，食物产量因此而增加。Now, rinderpest expert John Anderson calls the end of the disease the biggest achievement in veterinaryvetr.neri history Officials say they must still decide where to keep some of the virus and infected tissuetiu for future research. Rinderpest is only the second disease ever declared to have been eliminatedilim.neitid. The other disease is smallpox.目前，牛瘟专家约翰安德森（John Anderson）称，该疾病的终结是“兽医史上最伟大的成就。”官方表示，他们还必须决定，在何处保留一些病毒样本和受感染的组织，用于以后的研究。牛瘟是第二种宣布被消灭的疾病，另一种是天花。3. 消灭还是控制疟疾？This is the VOA Special English Health Report.这里是美国之音慢速英语健康报道。Malariamleri kills about one million people a year and sickens another two hundred fifty million. Most of the deaths are in young children in Africa. Malaria causes twenty percent of childhood deaths in Africa.疟疾每年约导致100万人死亡，还导致2.5亿人患病。大部分的疟疾死亡病例都是非洲儿童。在非洲，20%的儿童死亡病例是因患疟疾。People become infected when they are bittenbitn by mosquitoesmski:tuz carrying the malaria parasite. pr.sait当人们被携带疟疾寄生虫的蚊子叮咬就会被传染。A new study estimatesestimts the possibility of ending malaria in countries that have the deadliest form of the disease. Researchers found that this could be possible in most parts of the world within ten to fifteen years.一项新的研究评估了在一些发生这种高致命疾病的国家消灭疟疾的可能性。研究人员发现，在未来的10到15年间，在全球大部分地区消灭该疾病是可能的。What it would requirerikwai, they say, is reducing the spread of malaria by ninety percent from two thousand seven rates.他们表示，所要做的就是把疟疾从2007年的传播率水平上再降低90%。An international team created mathematicalmmtikl models and maps of areas where the disease is gone or almost gone. Andrew Tatem, an assistant professor at the University of Florida, led the study. Professor Tatem says a number of things have helped countries successfully fight malaria.一个国际团队创建了数字模型，并绘制了疟疾消亡或几乎消亡的区域图。佛罗里达大学助理教授安德鲁塔特姆（Andrew Tatem）领导了该研这项研究。特姆表示，一系列因素帮助这些国家成功抗击疟疾。ANDREW TATEM: . such as relatively low levels of malaria risk to start with, political stabilitystbilti, a good health system and low levels of population movement bringing in infectionsinfeknz from elsewhere.塔特姆：“例如，一开始就相对较低的疟疾风险，稳定的政治局势，良好的卫生体系，以及从其他地区传入病菌的人口流动率低。”The study says malaria could be eliminatedilim.neitid if countries are serious about using provenpru:vn control measuresmez. These include insecticidesinsekt.saidz and bed nets.该研究表明，如果各国认真采取已被验证的控制措施，疟疾是可以被消灭的。控制措施包括杀虫剂和蚊帐。The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundationfaundein partly financedfnnst the research. The study appears in the Lancetl:nsit medical journald:nl in a seriessi:ri:z of reports on eliminating malaria.比尔与梅琳达盖茨基金会（The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation）为这项研究提供了部分资助。研究结果作为一系列消灭疟疾的报告的一部分，发表在柳叶刀医学期刊上。Other malaria experts writing in the Lancet expressed concernkns:n about giving too much attention to eliminating malaria. They say such a goal could take many years, if it is possible at all. The concern is that resources for controlling malaria could be lost if the money is spent instead on trying to defeat it.其他一些疟疾专家在柳叶刀上发文，对过多关注消灭疟疾的表达了担忧。他们表示，即使该目标完全可能实现，也需要很多年时间。让人担忧的是，如果资金都花在试图消灭疟疾上，那么，用于控制疟疾的资源可能就会相应减少。Years of efforts to eliminate another disease, poliopuliu, have largely succeeded. Now, the World Health Organization says a new vaccine combinationkmbnein will help in the fight to end polio in countries where it is still found.多年来，试图消灭另一种疾病，小儿麻痹症的努力也已取得重大成果。目前，世界卫生组织（World Health Organization）表示，一种新型的联合疫苗将有助在一些仍能发现该疾病的国家消灭小儿麻痹症。That report, based on a study from India, also appears in the Lancet.该报告基于一项来自印度的研究，也发表在柳叶刀上。There are three kinds of polio virus. Vaccination campaigns normally use vaccines designed to protect against all three types.小儿麻痹症有三种病毒。疫苗接种时，通常使用能够有效预防所有这三种病毒的疫苗。But cases of the type two virus have not been seen in years. And the new study confirmed that the type two vaccine reduces the effectivenessfektivnis of the other vaccines when given together.但近来年并未发现型病毒病例。这项新的研究证实，如果同时使用，型病毒疫苗会降低其他两种疫苗的效果。To avoid that problem, the new combination contains vaccine only for the type one and type three polio viruses.为避免这个问题，新型联合疫苗只包含针对型和型小儿麻痹症病毒的疫苗。4.波士顿一家音乐俱乐部成为青少年人生课堂This is the VOA Special English Education Report.这里是美国之音慢速英语教育报道。Twenty-five-year-old Rick Aggeler says he discovered early in life that music is magic.25岁的瑞克艾格勒（Rick Aggeler）很早就发现音乐的神奇。RICK AGGELER: Music made me feel like anything was possible.艾格勒：“音乐让我们感觉到凡事皆有可能。”At the age of seven, a medical condition required him to have a brain operation. It also prevented him from playing sports. So his mother suggested that he learn to play drums instead.在他7岁的时候，由于身体状况做了一个脑部手术。这个手术使得他无法参加体育运动，所以，他母亲建议他学击鼓。RICK AGGELER: I started playing drums with Ronit Glick. She was my elementary elmentri teacher. I remember just the joy it brought to me. It was my favorite thing. Sixth grade was a new school to me and I had a hard time kind of getting along with all the kids. And Ms. Glick just took me in and I had so much fun at the program. It just felt great all the time.艾格勒：“我开始和若尼特格里克（Ronit Glick）学习击鼓。她是我的启蒙老师。我只记得击鼓带给我的喜悦，那是我最喜欢做的事。我6年级到了一所新学校，然而我和所有孩子相处都有点困难。格 里克夫人接纳了我，在学习击鼓上我找到很多乐趣。击鼓一直以来都让我感觉很棒。”Rick Aggeler graduated from the Berklee College of Music in Boston, Massachusettsmstu:sits, in two thousand seven. While there, he volunteered as a music teacher at a youth center in the Dorchesterd:tst(r) neighborhood of Boston.2007年，艾格勒从马萨诸塞州的波士顿伯克利音乐学院毕业。那时，他自愿到波士顿附近多切斯特市的一个青少年中心做一名音乐老师。He helped create a small music club within the center. The Music Clubhouse at the Blue Hill Boys and Girls Club quickly grew.他帮助在青少年中心建了一个小型音乐俱乐部。蓝山男孩女孩俱乐部（Blue Hill Boys and Girls Club，该青少年中心的名字）的音乐俱乐部（Music Clubhouse）迅速发展起来。Young people come to the Music Clubhouse after school and during summer break. The club provides a safe environment to learn to play instrumentsinstrmnt and to perform together in bands. The club even has its own recording studiostju:diu.年轻人在放学后和暑假期间来到音乐俱乐部。俱乐部为他们学习乐器、组乐队演出提供一个安全的环境，该俱乐部甚至有自己的录音棚。The club has releasedrili:st two albums. Super Hero is one of the songs from the second album, Because of You.该俱乐部已经发行了两张专辑，超级英雄是第二张专辑因为你中的一首。Fourteen-year-old Javon Martin performs under the name Yung Fresh. He joined the Music Clubhouse three years ago.14岁的嘉文马丁（Javon Martin）以Yung Fresh的艺名进行演出，他是三年前加入了这个音乐俱乐部。YUNG FRESH: It has impactedimpktid my life in a big way because I never thought I would be doing this. We now give shows. Im on the radio. People are actually starting to see me as like an artist.Yung Fresh：“该俱乐部对我的人生产生了极大的影响，我从来没想过我能做这个。我们现在演出，上电台。人们开始把我当做艺术家来看待。”Ten-year-old Akheylah Hunter joined the club last year but did not play an instrument. Now, she plays piano and sings in a band. What she likes best, she says, is performing.10岁的Akheylah Hunter是去年加入俱乐部的，但是没有演奏过乐器。现在，她在一个乐队做钢琴手和歌手。她说她最喜欢的就是演出。AKHEYLAH HUNTER: We performed in different places like at Berklee College of Music. We go on trips, like we went to the House of Blues and we went on stage and we performed, and it was very fun.Akheylah Hunter：“我们在不同的地方演出，例如伯克利音乐学院。我们四处演出，像去蓝调之屋（House of Blues），我们登台演出，这都非常有趣。”The Music Clubhouse opened three years ago and has served almost five hundred young people. Rick Aggeler says preparing and performing is good for them.该音乐俱乐部三年前开设，已经为近500个年轻人提供了服务。艾格勒称，筹备和演出对这些年轻人非常有好处。RICK AGGELER: I can see what it does for them, and it just develops confidence. Its also an escape. A big problem we have in the neighborhood is obviouslybvisli gangsg, and family dynamicsdainmiks. And we have a lot of challenges. We can have those conversations and then they can write, too. They can rap about it and kind of let it out a little bit.艾格勒：“我可以看到筹备和演出对他们的影响，这树立了他们的信心，同时也是一种释放。我们在社区遇到的最大的问题就是帮派和家庭暴力，同时我们也面临诸多挑战。我们可以进行那样的交流，然后他们能够写成歌，唱出来。从而得到发泄。”Rick Aggeler says he is happy but not surprised by the results of the Music Clubhouse at the Blue Hill Boys and Girls Club.艾格勒称，他对蓝山男孩女孩俱乐部的音乐俱乐部的成果感到高兴，但是并不惊讶。RICK AGGELER: As much fun as I do have drumming and performing live, its definitelydefnitli(肯定地) more rewardingriw:di and more fun, watching these kids grow up and develop.艾格勒：“就像我在击鼓和现场演出中找到乐趣一样，见证这些孩子的成长和进步，肯定会有更多的回报和乐趣。”5美联储启动二次量化宽松计划，向美国经济再注资6000亿美元This is the VOA Special English Economics Report.这里是美国之音慢速英语经济报道。The FederalfedrlReserveriz:v calls Americas economic recoveryrikvri disappointingly slow. So the Federal Reserve decided Wednesday to add six hundred billion dollars to the financial fnnlsystem by the middle of next year. To do this, the central bank will buy Treasurytreri securitiessikjuritisfrom dealers. di:lz美联储（The Federal Reserve）称美国经济复苏缓慢得“令人失望”。因此，美联储周三决定到明年6月底前将通过购入国债，向金融系统注资6000亿美元。The action is known as quantitativekwnt.teitiv easingi:zi. The goal is to reduce long-term interest rates. The hope is to create conditions where businesses will investinvest more and people will spend more.此举被称为量化宽松（quantitative easing），目的在于降低长期利率。从而为企业增加投资和民众增加消费创造条件。Buying longer-term Treasury securities will make less government debtdet available to investorsinvestz. This will raisereiz the price. As bond prices rise, their rates fall.美国央行购入长期国债，将导致流入投资者的政府债券减少，从而使债券价格提高。而债券价格的提高将导致其利率下降。Long-term securities affect rates on home mortgagesm:gid and other loanslunz. Lower rates on corporatek:prit bonds could lead businesses to invest in more equipmentikwipmnt and jobs.长期国债将影响到住房抵押贷款和其他贷款的利率。企业贷款利率的降低，可能将促使企业在设备和岗位方面增加投资。Lowering short-term interest rates is the Federal Reserves main way to get banks to increase lending. But those rates are already near zero.降低短期利率是美联储迫使银行增加贷款的主要途径。但目前这类利率已经接近为零。The Fed earlier bought one trillion seven hundred fifty billion dollars of Treasuries and other securities. That program ended in March.早期，美联储购买了1.75万亿美元的国债和其他债券。该计划已于三月份结束。Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke, writing in The Washington Post, said Easier financial conditions will promoteprmut economic growth. But interest rates are already low. And criticskritiks say further cuts are unlikely to create much growth.美联储主席本伯南克（Ben Bernanke）在华盛顿邮报上发表文章表示，“宽松的金融环境将促进经济增长。”但利率已经很低。反对者表示，利率水平的进一步降低不太可能造成经济的更多增长。Inflationinflein also is low - so low that some economistsi:knmists worry more about the risk of falling prices and wages. But others say pumping more money into the economy will weaken the value of the dollar. They say it could raise inflation to dangerous levels - and not just in America.通货膨胀率也低，以致一些经济学家对价格和工资降低的风险产生更多担忧。但也有人表示，向经济体系注入更多资金将使美元贬值。他们说，这将使通货膨胀率上升到一个危险水平-而且，这不仅仅将发生在美国。Interest rates in the United States and Europe are lower than in Asia and Latin America. As a result, Asian and Latin American economies are already strugglingstrgli with an overflow of investments.美国和欧洲的利率比亚洲和拉美低，因此，亚洲和拉美的经济已经开始艰难应对投资过剩。Large flows of capital can raise currencyk:nsi values and make export-based economies less competitivekmpettiv. Several nations are considering limits on capital.热钱的大量流入将使货币升值，同时，使出口型经