高中英语中常用前缀、后缀.doc

常用前缀、后缀一、常用前缀anti- against, opposite 反（对）auto- of or by oneself 自己（做）的be- cause to be or have 使，有bi- two, twice, double 二，双，两倍bio- life 生命，生物centi- hundredth part 百分之一co- with ,together共同，（和）一起con-, col- ,com- ,cor- with together 共同，（和）一起contra- opposite 反对，相反，相对counter- opposite反对，相反，相对de- showing an opposite , to remove, to reduce 非，相反，除去，减少dis- not, the opposite of 否定，相反en-, em- cause to become, put into the stated condition 使成为，使处于状态ex- former 以前的，前任的extra- outside, beyond 超出， 在之外fore- in advance ,before , in or at the front 预先，前，在前面的in-, il-, im- not 不，非，无in- in, into 内，向内inter- between, among 互相，在之间intra- inside, within 在之内kilo- thousand 千macro- large 宏观的mal- bad, badly 坏，不良，不当micro- extremely small 极小的mid- middle 中间mini- small, short 极小的，极短的mis- bad, badly 坏，不当mono- one, single 单,一,专一的multi-mltimany, more than one 多non- not 不，非，无out- outside, beyond 超越，超过，胜过over- too much, above ,additional 过分， 在上面。额外的poly- many 多，综合的post- later than, after 在之后pre- before , in advance 在之前，预先pseudo- not real, false 假，伪re- again, back to a former state 再，回复semi- half, partly 半，部分的sub- under ,below, less important 在下， 低于，次于的super- greater or more than 超级，超过tele- at or over a long distance, by or for television 远（距离），由（或为）电视therm-, thermo- heat 热trans- across, on or to the other side of 横越，转移tri- three 三ultra- beyond ,very, too 超过，极度的un- not 不，非under-too little, below 过少，在下面 uni-one, single 单，一vice-next in rank below 副二、常用后缀1. 名词后缀-ability, -ibility able(能够的)ability (能力)possible(可能的)possibility (可能性)-agepost (邮政)postage(邮资)shrink(收缩)shrinkage(收缩)-alapprove(同意)approval(同意)refuse(拒绝)refusal (拒绝)-an, -ian, -arian human (人道的)humanitarian (人道主义者)library(图书馆)librarian(图书管理员)-ance, -enceappear(出现)appearance (出现0important(重要的)importance(重要性)-ancy, -encyemerge(出现)emergency(出现)expect(期待)expectancy(期待)-ant, -entconsult(咨询)consultant(顾问)study(学习)student (学生)-cybankrupt(破产的)bankruptcy(破产)fluent(流利的)fluency (流利)-domfree(自由的)freedom(自由)wise(明智的)wisdom(智慧)-eeEmploy(雇佣)employee(雇员)Train(训练)trainee(受训者)-er，-or, -arworke (工作)worker(工人)conduct (传导)conductor(导体)school(学校)scholar(学者)-erybrave（勇敢的）bravery (勇气)cook (烹调)cookery (烹调法)-eseChina (中国)Chinese(中国人)Japan(日本)Japanese (日本人)-essgod(神)goddess(女神)poet(诗人)poetess(女诗人)-fulhand(手)handful (一把的量)spoon(匙)spoonful (一匙的量)-hoodneighbor(邻居)neighborhood(临近地区)child(儿童)childhood(童年0-icsacrobat(杂技演员)acrobatics (杂技)linguist(语言学家)linguistics(语源学)-ion, -ition, -ationcollect(收集)collection(收集)compose(创作)composition(作文)situate(使位于)situation(位置，地点)-ismMarx(马克思)Marxism (马克思主义)social(社会的)socialism(社会主义)-isttype(打字)typist(打字员)violin(小提琴)violinist(小提琴手)-ity, -tyauthor(作者)authority(权威)cruel(残忍的)cruelity(残忍)-mentdevelop(发展)development(发展)move(运动)movement(运动)-ologyfuture(未来)futurology(未来学)psycho(心理分析)psychology(心理学)-shipfriend(朋友)friendship(友谊)scholar(学者)scholarship(奖学金)-sion, -ssiondecide (决定)decision (决定)admit(同意)admission(同意)-urepress(按，压)pressure (压力)expose(暴露)exposure (暴露)2、动词后缀-enstrength(力量)strengthen(巩固)wide(宽的)widen 加宽-ifyclass(种类)classify(分类)simple(简单的)simplify(简化)-ize, -isemodern(现代的)modernize (使现代化)real(真的)realize (实现)3.形容词后缀-able, -iblechange(变化)changeable(可变的)divide(分)divisible(可分的)-alnation(国家)national (全国的，国家的)nature(自然)natural (自然的)-an, arian -ianElizabeth(伊丽莎白)Elizabethan(伊丽莎白的)Christ(耶稣)Christian(基督徒的)vegetal(植物的，蔬菜的)vegetarian(素食者的，吃素的)-ant, -entdiffer(不同)different(不同的)insist(坚持)insistent(不断的)-ary, -oryelement (成分，要素)elementary (基础的)contradict(与相反)contradictory (相反的，矛盾的)-ateconsider(考虑)considerate(考虑周到的)fortune(运气)fortunate (幸运的)-en wood(木头)wooden(木头的)wool(羊毛)woolen(羊毛的)-ese China (中国)Chinese(中国的)Japan(日本)Japanese (日本的)-free care(忧虑)carefree(无忧无虑的)ticket(票)ticketfree (不用票的)-ful beauty(美)beautiful(美丽的)shame(羞耻)shameful(可耻的)-ic, -ical alcohol(酒精)alcoholic(酗酒的)music(音乐)musical (音乐的)-ish fool(傻瓜)foolish(愚蠢的red(红色)redish(微红的)-ive decide(决定)decisive(决定的)create(创造)creative(有创造力的)-less help(帮助)helpless(无助的)job(工作)jobless(失业的)-like child(孩子)childlike(孩子般的)lady(贵妇)ladylike(贵妇般的)-ly day(白天，日子)daily(每日的。日常的)man(男人)manly(有男子气概的)-ous, -ious danger(危险)dangerous(危险的)space(空间)spacious(宽敞的)-some quarrel(吵架)quarrelsome(喜欢吵架的)trouble(烦恼)trouble