海洋英语课后题答案Unit 1——unit 7.doc

Unit 1Structure AnalysisPart 1: Pointing out peoples addicts to the ocean. (Paras 1-9)Two attitudes (Para 1): strong aversion to the ocean and great love for the oceanThe authors realization of the world-wide ocean-craze in various aspects (Paras 2-4):1. from reading reports of detainees who yearn for a swim in the ocean.2. by travelling to coastal areas where real estate prospers.3. by spending time with fishermen who live irresistible life catching seafood.Examples to show peoples love for the ocean (Paras 5-9):1. poet Robinson Jeffers found language from the ocean2. Canadian actor Michael J. Fox quit his career after his sea-turtle encounter3. a little girls love for the ocean4. people worldwide show great passion for seafood5. strange travelers dream to be marine biologistsPart 2: The authors struggle to bridge a connection between neuroscience and the ocean (Paras 10-12)The dilemma for the author (Paras 10-11): The ocean hooks peoples emotion, dreams and treasure strongly; however, his profession tries to keep him away from the emotional ties to the ocean.His final decision (Para 12): bridge a connection between human mind and the oceanPart 3: Putting forward new questions and calling for action for further exploration (Paras 13-20)Multiple fields start to understand (Para 13): there is strong connection between emotions and decisions and this knowledge can be applied to theocean research.Questions to be considered (Paras 15-17): 1. whether ocean is a good medicine in the treatment of stress2. whether brain science can be applied to ocean conservationCalling for action for further exploration (Paras 18-20):1. use neuroscience to explore and understand ocean-mind connection2. convene excellent people in various fields for the exploration3. inspire more students for researches in neuroscience and call on people for the conservation4. try to find answers to new emerging questionsVocabularyExercise 11.bewildered2.obsessing3.initiative4.burgeon5.convened6.aversion7.underlie8.grip 9.induce10.queries The driver was_ by the conflicting road signs. Mary stopped drinking but began _ about her weight.We must take the _ in the struggle to end the war. My confidence began to _ as I was gaining in years.The chairman _the committee to find out a solution.Many people have a natural and emotional _ to insects. Does some personal difficulty _ his lack of interest in work? The president maintains an iron _ on his country although there is a turmoil.Lack of proper care and love in early childhood can _ criminal behavior in young people.If you have any_ about this insurance, please contact Travel Insurance Services Limited. Exercise 2 1. offered up shell out put my finger on impart to up closeA calf was_as a sacrifice to the goddess. The insurance premium will save you from having to _ for repairs. I know theres something wrong, but I cant _ exactly what it is. An excellent instructor should _ students what society believes to be of value. It is natural for the shopkeeper to feel annoyed when the supermarket is set_ to his shop. TranslationExercise 1What makes us so drawn to the ocean? Why are we willing to spend a lot of money, drive for hours, and plan our days carefully just to find time to get close to the ocean? The health benefits are great and breathing in the ocean air is bliss. But there must be something more to our passion for water activity which prompt us to invest more time and energy. A recent article I read helped to explain these feelings that are often hard to put into words. Simply put, our brains really enjoy the water. Wallace J. Nichols is a marine biologist who wants to learn what happens to us when we are on, in, or near the ocean. Specifically he wants to understand what on earth triggers our emotional reactions to the ocean. In brief, Nichols goal is not to impart to us the knowledge about ocean, but to find out exactly why we love the ocean so that we can use that as a tool to protect it through public policy.Unit 2Structure AnalysisPart 1: A general introduction of LAs house price and its tangible threats. (Paras 1-3)The prelude: the author bought a house in LA in 2008.House price situation: home prices in Los Angeles are more than double those in other major cities.Reason analysis: the quality of life rather than the inherent productivity of working here thatdrives up the home prices.The tangible threats: hotter summers, smoggier air, more fires, and less waterPart 2: Will Los Angeles lose its cool? (Paras 4-8)LAs current climate advantages: cool summers and warm winters (Para 4)Its future climate change and the influence (Paras 5-8)Researchers prediction: LA will become 13 degrees F warmer on average in July by 2070Comparison: cities in Florida will experience improvement in climate bundle.Conclusion: LA will lose much of its climate uniqueness and its climate amenity premium willvanish.Part 3: How should LA adapt to climate change? (Paras 9-10)Fact: the poor and immigrants are easily exposed to heat waves and extreme temperatures.Example: the Chicago heat wave in 1995Reason: those people dont have air conditioners and fear opening windows due to crime.Measure: public service announcements for information esp. from some community-based NGOS.A case in point: the Esperanzas Community Health ProgramsVocabularyExercise 1impending.tangible.degraded.boost.inhabitable.appall.scenario.plausible.implicit.sootheHe was inadequately prepared for the _ final examination. Service industries do not produce _ objects, such as automobiles or refrigerators. He felt she often _ him by assigning him some trivial tasks or criticizing him in front of others. During a recession, when businesses pull back and people stop spending, what government can do is provide a temporary _ that puts money in peoples pockets, and keeps workers on the job. The government should raise the public awareness of environmental protection, thereby promoting sustainable development and creating a more _ environment. A lot of students do things that would absolutely _ their parents, including drinking and smoking. Because of its proximity to Somalia, Kenya is vulnerable to the worst-case _, where a terrorist unleashes a bomb causing the death of thousands. Scientists with resources to evaluate and test the hypothesis try to find the most _ explanation of the formation of the universe. If anyone should have understood the _ risk and inevitable outcome, it should have been him. Hed got very annoyed about it, and it took all her tact to _ him down.Exercise 2 1. took a hit2. set up3. alerted to4. crossing my fingers5. strip awayDuring the US subprime mortgage crisis in 2008, the closer a countrys economy was to the US, the harder it _.He has _ himself _ as an authority on the English language. An anonymous letter _ police _ the possibility of a terrorist attack at the airport.I think the negotiation will turn out to be successful, but I keep _.Climate change is predicted to _ much of Californias climate uniqueness and the housing price boost that comes with that climate.TranslationExercise 1Los Angeles, located in California, is a great place to live. Pleasing climate and high-quality life make the home prices here more than double those in other major cities. However, climate change poses tangible threats and amenity havoc. Climate researchers predict that the temperature of LA will be 13 degrees F warmer on average in the future. Climate change will strip away much of the citys climate uniqueness. Therefore, home price declines and climate amenity premium vanishes (bad news for the real estate owners). How can LA adapt to the climate change? On the one hand, LA should learn to adapt to the change by improving public service to reduce the harm to its residents. Community-based NGOs have stepped up to fill this void. On the other hand, its pressing to protect the environment to maintain the citys climate amenity. Of course, the future of Los Angeles is closely interconnected with the global climate change.Unit 3Structure AnalysisDirections: Fill in the blanks with the information from the text.Part I Introduction: whales seem to stir up strong feelings (para 1)Anti-whalers: believe that whales have been in urgent need of protection since the middle of last centuryPro-whalers: present themselves as protectors of traditional culture, diets and the rights of indigenous peoplePart II The nasty situation of whaling (para 2-4)In theory: a global moratorium, proclaimed by the International Whaling Commission (IWC), has been in force since 1986.In practice: whales are still killed in large numbers. Roughly half are killed by whalers from Japan, mostly off Antarctica.Diplomatic standoffs: The IWC has become a battleground between the two pro-and anti-whaling camps and the bodys 88 members joined in the past decadehelping to make it deadlocked and dysfunctional.Physical stand-offs: In January there was a collision between a Japanese ship and a trimaran from the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society. In February Australia threatened to take Japan to the International Court of Justice unless it stopped whaling off Antarctica. Part III The measure which can be taken to fight against the nastiness - A “peace plan” was proposed and pro-whalers objections to the “peace plan” (para 5-9)The content of the “peace plan”: the moratorium would be lifted for a decade, but whalers would agree to a sharp reduction in their catch, stricter enforcement measures and a ban on all cross-border commerce in whale products. The aim of the “peace plan”: to buy time for countries to come up with a longer-term agreement, while reducing the number of whales that are killed.Pro-whalers objections to the “peace plan” (para 7-9)New Zealands foreign minister calls the proposed quota for Antarctic waters unrealistic and unacceptable.Japans fisheries minister deems the limit “too drastic” and wants it raised. Japanese officials counter that the 1946 convention never anticipated a moratorium on all commercial whaling.(para 9)Part IV The provisions under the IWC proposal and the attitudes of the pro-whalers and anti-whalers towards the IWC proposal. (para 10-11)Provisions: 1. Japan would halve the number of whales it kills off Antarctica, and face further cuts over the five years thereafter. 2.A South Atlantic sanctuary, barred to all whaling, would be rigorously enforced. 3. Countries that do not already hunt would not be allowed to start. 4. IWC monitors would be placed aboard every vessel to document the kill and take DNA samples. 5. Japan would be allowed to hunt 120 minke whales in its coastal waters as a sop to local sentiment in four ports. Attitudes: Green activists and anti-whaling countries are calling the deal a victory for whaling nations. Pro-whalers certainly do not see things that way. Masayuki Komatsu believes the proposal may mark the beginning of the end for Japanese whaling.VocabularyExercise One1. advocating 2.Compromise3. tackle 4.recruiting 5.Zealous6.concessions 7.objections 8. Deemed9.enforce 10.curb 1.Extremists were openly _ violence. 2. _ is an inevitable part of marriage. 3. There is more than one way to _ the problem. 4. Were having difficulty _ enough qualified staff. 5. No one was more _ than Neil in supporting the proposal. 6. The import/export _ had been granted to the island.7. Local residents raised strong _ to the building application. 8. They _ that he was no longer capable of managing the business. 9. It is unlikely that a record company would _ its views on an established artist. 10. The government informed that tougher measures would be taken to _the spread of the virus.Exercise 2Directions: Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage. Make changes where necessary.11.The protesters _ no _ to resist arrest. 12.Time lost through illness _ 357 working days.13.Leading oil producers tried to _ a deal. 14.Daves just trying to _ things _ because hes jealous._ youve got a headache, given the amount you drank last night. Exercise Two1. made attempt 2. stir up 3. amounted to 4. No wonder 5. hammer out Translation Exercise 1As with foxhunting in Britain, all sides seem never to reach an agreement on whaling. Since 1986 the International Whaling Commission (IWC) has imposed a moratorium on commercial whaling. Yet every Antarctic summer, Japan sends a whaling fleet south to catch hundreds of whales for “research”. But whales are still killed in large numbers; in recent years the annual slaughter has reached almost 2,000. To avoid the extinction of whales, IWC proposed a “peace plan”. According to the proposal, the moratorium would be lifted for a decade, but whalers have to agree to a sharp reduction in their catch. The conservationists would definitely complain or criticize the resumption of commercial whaling. Even so, any compromising deal would be far better than continued stand-off. Unit 4Structure AnalysisPart 1: A shift toward “Blue job” fisheries is urgently needed. (Paras. 1-3) Fish numbers are no match for need of human beings for two reasons: 1. growing human appetite: About three billion people count on fish and other marine species as their primary source of protein.(Para. 2) 2. the ultra-efficient fisheries: the mid 20thcentury industrial fishing operations have used ever-improving technology to fish farther, faster, and longer.(para.3)Part 2: Sustainability is the key concept for successful management of both fish stocks and fisheries jobs themselves. ( Paras. 4-8) How blue job fishery will do to keep sustainability: 1. use science-based stock management programs and only harvest sustainable levels of fish. (Paras. 5-6) 2. Blue fishermen also use environmentally friendly methods and gear. (Paras.7-8)Part 3: Fishing problems and aquaculture. (Paras. 9-16)Why we have fishing problem: Politics come into it, economics come into it. And most of the time we overdo it .Global factors are also growing the problem.(Paras.10-12)Aquaculture, also known as fish farming, can help to fill the gap. (Paras 13-14) Aquaculture cannot take the place of our oceans, it is only complimentary to wild fisheries.(Paras.15-16) Part 4: What people should do. (Paras. 17-19)choosing sustainably caught fish, even choosing to eat fish less often. (Paras. 17-18)Vocabulary Exercise 11. steeper 2. detriment 3. havoc 4. strain 5. gear 6. ground 7. swelling 8. complimentary 9. posterity 10. quandaryExercise 21. springing up 2. year in year out 3. no match for 4. bound up 5. plowed upThe path grew_ as we climbed higher. This tax cannot be introduced without _ to peoples living standards.Continuing strikes are beginning toplay _ withthe national economy.You should try not to place too much _ on muscles and joints.Camping_ can be expensive.He_ his cigarette into the ashtray.The fall left her with a painful _ above her eye.She was extremely _ about his work.Their music has beenpreserved for _.George was in a _should he go or shouldnt he? Exercise 2Directions: Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage. Make changes where necessary.Playgrounds for children are _ all over the place.We have visited this island_year in year out andwe never get bored.I was_him at tennis.She _his wounds and ran away.Heavy traffic had _ the surface of the track.TranslationExercise 1In recent years, due to environmental pollution, overfishing and other factors, the fisheries resources are in the course of recession. It should be said that the state not only set the period of time each year fishing moratorium but also restrict fishing nets specifications in order to protect marine fisheries resources to achieve sustainable development. However, the fishermen take some more extreme ways to fish in order to increase revenue so that the chain between the reproduction and development of fishery resources have been artificially cut off, which greatly damaged the marine ecological environment and a direct consequence of the destructive effects can not yet be predicted precisely. Wild fish has been unable to meet the growing needs of mankind. Aquaculture will be increasingly important in the future, but it can not save us. Blue fish farmers are needed. As consumers, we can choose to limit the number of fish in order to ensure that our future generations will also have fish to eat.Unit 5Structure AnalysisPart 1: There is great concern about the use of chemicals in the waters. (Paras 1-5)The Bay of Fundy is featured by booming salmon farms which have enlarged wild marine diversity and biomass. (Para 1) The lobster kill last year traced to an illegal chemical used in salmon farming. (Para 2)Two questions for discussion (Para 3): 1. What ecological toll does salmon farming exact on the greater marine environment? 2. How c