专升本英语.doc

专升本英语资料集锦语法做题方法：1. 审题 确定考点 ，方法 ：考察选项。2. 找到题眼：考语法、词汇。3. 训练速度和敏感度。4. 技巧 不看完题目找出答案，对比选项找出答案。动词时态一般将过来时be to+动词原形：表示一种常规性活动或注定要做的事。Be about to+动词原形：就要做或正好要做。注：特殊句型 It is (un)likely that+一般将来时（will） It was (un)likely that+过去将来时（would）现在完成时从某一时间持续到现在。Have done 与其连用的短语句型 ：already,yet,just,ever,before；this month/week/year； few+时间段，since+时间点，for+时间段例: I have been to the West lake three times since 1970.So far,by now,up to now,till now 表现在完成特殊句型：It/This/That is (will be) the first time that+主+has/have done It/This/That is the + adj最高级+n.+that+主语+has/have done例：thats the most interesting book that I have read.非延续性动词在肯定句中不能与for或since等引导的时间段连用，在否定句中可以。例：I have not met him for two years.过去完成时表未曾实现的希望或打算，用于 hope,want,expect,think,suppose,plan,mean,intend等。Had done I had meant to come,but sth happened.It was three years since we had left the city.特殊句型：no soonerthan,had hardlywhen 一/刚就 Hardly had he arrived when it began to snow. 过去时间短语：1.介词短语：by 1996,by the end of last year,until then,by then,up to that time. 例：until then,this family hadnt heard from him for six month. 2. Before +过去时时间段状语从句将来完成时 will have doneby/by the end of+未来某时间，by the time+一般现在时例：By the end of this month,we surely will have found a satisfactory solution to the problem.区分：By the time you get to the Greenwich you will have seen the most historic part of London.By the time you left school,she had taught that course for ten years.现在完成进行时has/have been doingShe has been learning English since she was a child. since+时间段He has been doing this work for three years.进行时翻译时加“一直”比较：He has finished writing his novel by now.He had finished writing his novel by the end of last year.He will have finished writing his novel by the end of next year.现在进行时Be+现在分词：表即将发生的动作或存在的状态，句型中动词为瞬间动词。例：We are learning English this month.将来进行 will be done 过去进行 was/were doing表示某个短暂性动词发生的背景。The students were writing busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she left in the office.动词被动态一.基本构成一般现在时 am/is/are done现在进行时 am/is/are being done现在完成时 have/has been done现在完成进行时 have/has been being done一般将来时 will be done将来进行时 will be being done将来完成时 will have been done将来完成进行时 will have been being done一般过去时 was/were done过去进行时 was/were being done过去完成时 had been done过去完成进行时 had been being done 例：The old clock had been being taken part of and fixed up again for severl.过去将来时 would be done含情态动词的被动语态： 主+情态动词(must/can/will/may/might)+be动词+过去分析二主动表被动用法总结1.谓语动词用被动表主动。 1）以feel为代表的连系动词，如：feel,look,see,sound,smell,taste等，尽管他们从汉语看来具有被动意味。 The water feels warm. The dish smell good. 2)以用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词；当他们做不及物动词且表主语的某种属性时，通常主动表被动，并与cant,wont连用。 The door wont shut.这门关不上（门坏了）。 The door wont be shut.这门不用关。 3)以read为代表， “read,write,wash,clean,cook,cut,wear,carry,haddle,play,run, sell,teach,translate”等，与well,easily,slow,quickly,properly等副词连用。 The cloth washed well. The car handles well.车很好控制。 The car be handles well.车开的好。 4）以Begin为代表“begin，start,finish,end” 此主语为 事物且不强调动作的执行者时，可用主动表被动。 The play ended at ten oclock. 5)show,catch,fill用主动表被动。 Where is the new film showing. My skirt caught on a nail. Soon the house filled with people. 6)表示需要的“need,want,require,deserve(应受到，值得)，merit（值得），be worth后，” 用动词-ing形式表被动。 My mobile phone is not working,it need repairing. worth,worthy,worthwhile区别： be worth doing be worthy of doing be worthy to do/be done worthwhile doing/to do,还可单独作表语，意思：有价值的。 注：Worth用well,hardly修饰，worthy,worthwhile用very修饰。 The work is very doing. () The work is well doing. () It is worth ones while to do.7)当weigh,measure,cost,last,break out/happen(发生)，remain,shut off/turn off,work out(制定)不用被动 没有被动语态的动词 Possess,hold,lack表合适的及物动词，suit,become,fit.Equal,mean,resemble“明白”get,catch,take.Have作“接受，度过，吃，经历”解时Take place,come about,break out,take part in,beling to.非谓语动词用主动表被动1. 不定式主动表被动（1）主语+be+形容词+不定式例：The problem is difficult to work out. 这样的adj有：hard,amusing,interesting,cheap,difficult,dangerous,easy,nice,important,good,pleasant,comfortable,heavy,light.（2）tooto和enough to结构中，可用不定式的主动形式表被动。（3） I have a meeting to attend today. I是attend的逻辑主语。（4） to let,to blame,to seek. The house is to lent.房子要出租 You are to blame.这是你的过错 You are to be blame.你将收到责罚（5） there be句型There is no time to（be） lose.时间紧迫不能耽搁了。There is nothing to do now.我们没事做There is nothing to be done now.我们没办法（6） 特殊句型get+过去分词，表被动It is said(reported,believed,announced,known)that.据说/报道Therefore,it can be concluded that+句子 结论From what has been discussed above,we should understand that+句子 表结论主语+be+said/reported+to have been done.“情态动词+完成时”用法归纳must have done 肯定推测“准是做过” 否定形式：cant have done “准是没做”Can/could have done “可能做过” 否定形式：can/couldnt have done “不可能做过”would have done 本来会做 否定形式：wouldnt have done “本来不会做，不想做”Should（ought to） have done 本应该做而没做，表责备。 否定形式：shouldnt have done “本不该做而做了”May/might have done 可能做过 否定形式：不怎么可能做过need have done 过去本有必要做某事却未做 否定形式：过去本没必要做某事却做了非谓语动词谓语是个独生子，其他动词非谓语非谓语动词有三种：现分过分不定式表达形式有三种：主动被动或将来 1. 动名词或to do的平衡原则To see is to believe.2.不定式作后置定语The house built one year ago.已被建好的房子The house being built now.正在被兴建The house to be built next year.将要被建不定式短语作主语，用it作形式主语It is extremely cruel of John to kill animals.1.加不定式的词：Dad :decide,agree,determineHow: hope,ofter,wish,spoil Manage,pretendApple:afford,attempt,promise/plan,long,expect Volunteer(自愿),happen/chance to encounter（恰巧遇见）注：hope to do/that Expect sb to do Like,love,hate,prefer前有should，其后宾语只能用不定式。 I should like to see him tomorrow.2. 省去to的 一个最好 had better 二个勉强：cant but be late,cant help but 三个宁愿：would rather/sooner/(just)as soon3. 省去to的 ：一个感觉：feel 二听：hear,listen 三让：let,make,get 四看：notice,watch,observe,see4. It作形式主语 It is different for me to learn English.Why开头的不带to的不定式Why not come with us?Why run this rish?5. 后加ing的 Compare原则: C:consider,confess to O:object to M:mind P:prevent sb(from)doing,permit A:avoid R:risk E: