八年级上Unit 6 知识精讲.doc

八年级英语上八年级英语上 Unit 6 I m more outgoing than my sister 新目标新目标 一 教学内容 Unit 6 I m more outgoing than my sister 二 教学目标 1 谈论个性特征 2 学习使用形容词的比较级比较人的个性特征 3 学习比较身边的事物并选择最佳方案 三 重点词汇 短语 1 形容词比较级 taller shorter thinner longer heavier calmer wilder quieter funnier smarter more athetic more popular 2 more than twin both 3 twin sister look the same look different go to parties in common be good at make sb do sth elementary school enjoy doing sth 四 重点句型 1 Petro is funnier than Paul Tina is taller than Tara Tom is more athletic than Sam 2 In some ways we look the same and in some ways we look different 3 Liu Ying is not as good at sports as her sister 4 I think a good friend makes me laugh 5 I think she should get the job 五 语法 形容词比较级及其用法 六 重点 难点讲解 1 Do you think you are different from Tara Because he likes to do the same things as I do be different from be the same as e g His life style is quite different from ours The twin sisters look the same We read the same book as you showed us last time 2 I m funnier than Tara And I m more outgoing 1 形容词比较级用法 形容词比较级用法用于两者之间的比较 表示一方比另一方 更 或 较 后常跟 比较连词 than 表被比较的对象 为避免重复 than 引导的从句中有些与主句相同的部分常省 略 而把相比较部分突出 另外 在上下文中 形容词比较级也可单独使用 注意 than 后常跟名词 但这是由于 than 引导的比较状语从句省略了与主句相同的部分 在进行比较 时 一定要注意比较对象要对等 e g His hair is longer than his father s He has longer hair than his father It s hotter in Shanghai than in Beijing China is bigger than any other country in Asia any other 任何一个 2 形容词比较级的构成 形容词分原级 比较级 最高级 通常形容词的比较级为规则变化 在词尾加 er 以 不发音的 e 结尾的单音节词和少数以 le 结尾的双音节词直接加 r 以辅音加 y 结尾的变 y 为 i 加 er 重读闭音节以辅音字母结尾的双写结尾的辅音加 er 有的双音节和多音节 的词 在词前加 more 构成比较级 此外还有个别词为不规则变化 例 good well better best bad ill worse worst little less least old older elder oldest eldest many much more most far farther further farthest furthest 3 在形容词比较级前还可用 much even still a little 来修饰 表示 的多 甚至 更 一些 e g This city is much more beautiful than before She s a little more outgoing than me It s a little colder today 4 比较级 and 比较级 意为 越来越 注 多音节比较级用 more and more 形 容词原级 形式 It s getting worse and worse The group became more and more popular 5 Which Who is 比较级 比较 A B 两事物 问其中哪一个较 时用此句型 e g Which T shirt is nicer this one or that one Who is more active Mary or Kate Which one is more popular among students going to concerts or going to movies 3 As you can see in some ways we look the same and in some ways we look different look the same 看上去一样 look like 看上去像 look alike 看上去相像 in a way 为某一种方式 此处 look 系动词 后跟形容词 例 look young old tired nice 4 We both have black eyes and black hair although my hair is shorter than hers 1 both 两个 两者都 在句中可作代词 形容词 副词 连词 作副词时常放 在 be 动词之后 实义动词之前 e g Both of his parents are doctors 作代词或形容词 His parents are both doctors 作副词 They both went camping in the holiday 作副词 Both English and math are very important both and 短语常连接两个并列的成分 可连接名词 动词 形容词和代词等 注 both 指两者都 all 指三者或三者以上都 2 although 与 though 常可互换 表 虽然 即使 尽管 都不能与 but 用于一句话 中 但 though 用得更普遍 此外 though 可作副词 在句尾表 然而 although 不能 固定 短语是 even though 表 即使 纵然 不能用 even although e g There are some differences though 3 hers 名词性物主代词 句中指 her hair 5 She has more than one sister 她不止有一个姐姐 They have some things in common in common 共通 同 的 something 某物 some thing 某一个事物 some things 一 些事物 6 Li Ying is not as good at sports as her sister 1 as as 同级比较 两个 as 之间必须使用形容词或副词原级 意为 如同 一 样 not as so as 不如 一样 e g He runs as quickly as his father The watermelon is as big as a soccerball She doesn t study so as hard as her brother does 2 be good at sth doing sth 擅长于 做 某事 e g They are good at playing badminton I m not good at painting Who is good at computer in your class 7 I think a good friend makes me laugh make sb do sth 让 使 某人做某事 make 后跟不带 to 的不定式 e g His words made us feel so exciting The boss made the workers work all day and all night 8 She s a good listener and she keeps secrets 听者 listener 说话者 speaker keep a secret 保密 9 Is she a lot like you Is she like you very much 1 a lot 表程度 相当于 very much 但位置不同 2 be like 像 like 为介词 10 elementary school 小学 secondary school 小学 primary school 小学 high school 中学 middle school 中学 11 enjoy sth doing sth 喜欢 做 某事 物 enjoy tell jokes tell a joke 讲笑话 12 I think she should get the job should 情态动词 应当 应该 后跟动词原形 We should study hard and be good students You should help your mother with the housework 模拟试题模拟试题 答题时间 80 分钟 一 用所给形容词的适当形式填空 short heavy light tall small long 1 He s on school basketball team So he is than any other student in his class 2 What animals are elephants or horses 3 When autumn comes the days get and the nights get 4 Things are much on the moon than on the earth 5 This shirt is too big Please show me a one 二 短语互译 1 not as as 2 stop talking 3 more than 4 go to parties 5 in some ways 6 look the same 7 双胞胎兄 弟 8 使某人大笑 9 喜欢运动 10 擅长于 三 单项选择 1 I have two sisters of them are like me A BothB AllC OneD First 2 Lin Tao s bike is much newer than A myB mineC meD I 3 Which subject do you like English or Chinese A goodB wellC betterD the best 4 What do you think of this film It s than the last one I think A interestingB interested C more interestingD more interested 5 A young man usually sleeps more than an old man A doB sleepC doesD is 6 We call it mooncake because it the moon A likesB looks likeC doesn t look likeD like 7 than one person has read the news A MostB MoreC MuchD Many 8 Are you at English No but this time I did in the English exam A good goodB well wellC well goodD good well 9 Sam is more outgoing than me A mostB moreC a littleD little 10 the evening of Mid Autumn Day we usually stay up late and watch the full moon A AtB InC OnD Of 四 完形填空 A Mike is a worker He works in a shop One of feet is bigger than 1 He can t find the right shoes 2 his feet His friend Bill says to him Why don t you go to 3 shoemaker 鞋匠 A good shoemaker can make the 4 shoes 5 you Mike goes to the shoemaker near Bill s home Very soon the shoemaker makes him 6 Mike looks at the shoes and he isn t 7 He says to the shoemaker You aren t a 8 shoemaker I want you 9 me one shoe bigger than the other but you make me one shoe 10 than the other 1 A anotherB the otherC otherD others 2 A toB ofC aboutD for 3 A aB anC theD 4 A bigB wrongC rightD small 5 A toB ofC withD for 6 A a pair of shoesB a shoe C some shoesD a pair shoe 7 A angryB happyC worriedD fine 8 A rightB wellC goodD bad 9 A makeB to makeC makingD are making 10 A smallerB biggerC heavierD lighter B Human beings have used tools for a very long time In some parts of the world you can still find tools that people used more than two million years ago They made these tools by hitting one stone 1 another In this way they broke off pieces from one of the stones These chips of stone were usually 2 on one side People used them for 3 meat and skin from dead animals and 4 for making other tools out of wood Human beings needed to 5 tools because they did not have sharp teeth like other meat eating 6 such as lions and tigers Tools helped people to get food more 7 Working with tools also helped to 8 human intelligence 智力 The human brain grew bigger and human began to invent more and more tools and machines The stone chip was one of the first tools 9 people used and perhaps 10 the most important Some scientists say that it was the key 11 the success of mankind Since 1960 a new kind of tool has appeared This is the silicon chip 硅片 a little chip of silicon crystal It is 12 than a fingernail but it can 13 more than a million bits 字节 of information It is 14 electronic brain Every year these chips get leverer but 15 size gets smaller and their cost gets 16 Human beings used 17 chips for more than two million years but human 18 changed very little in that time We have used silicon chips for 19 a few years but life is changing faster every day 20 will life be like twenty years from now 1 A afterB toC againstD among 2 A sharpB hotC strangeD weak 3 A hittingB cuttingC hitD cut 4 A notB onlyC justD also 5 A storeB findC useD repair 6 A animalsB personsC toolsD people 7 A easyB easilyC difficultD hard 8 A preventB hardC developD hard 9 A thatB whichC whatD as 10 A they reB it sC there reD you re 11 A ofB inC toD on 12 A smallerB biggerC newerD softer 13 A sendB produceC storeD destroy 14 A anB oneC aD the 15 A itsB ourC theirD your 16 A moreB fewerC greaterD less 17 A stoneB siliconC woodD iron 18 A bodyB lifeC natureD health 19 A quiteB onlyC nearlyD hardly 20 A HowB WhenC WhatD Why 五 阅读理解 A Thousands of years ago people lived only in hot places They did not live in cold places because they could not keep warm Then they learned how to make clothes When an animal was killed they cut off its skin They wrapped the skins around their bodies The skins kept them warm Skins which had fur on them were the best Even today some people wear the furs of animals to keep themselves warm At first men did not know how to make fire Sometimes lightning hit a forest and started a fire Then people took some of this fire to make a fire near their homes A fire was very important for three reasons It kept them warm It also frightened wild animals they did not attack when they saw a fire Then another thing was discovered if you cook food it tastes much better But men still did not know how to make fire When they had a fire they did not let it stop burning If it went out they could not start it again They had to wait for lightning to start another fire Sometimes they had to wait for years Later they discovered how to make fire If you rub two pieces of wood together they become hot and burn You have to rub very fast One way of doing it is to make a little hole in a piece of wood Pieces of wood or dry leaves are put into the hole You rub the stick between your hands This makes it turn very quickly The end in the hole becomes very hot The small pieces of wood and dry leaves begin to burn Another way of making fire is to knock two pieces of stone together This makes a spark You can use this spark to start a fire Today we have matches We can carry them in our pockets and make a fire when we want to Many people use heaters to keep warm Oil heaters burn oil Gas heaters burn gas Electric heaters use electricity We also use oil gas and electricity for cooking 1 Once people lived only in hot countries because they did not know how to A kill animalsB take fire from forests C keep themselves warmD make matches 2 Animals skins were used A for foodB to make fire C cut off an animal s skinD burn wood 3 Men later discovered how to use fire to A cook foodB kill animals C cut off an animal s skinD burn wood 4 People first learned to make fire by rubbing together A stonesB two pieces of wood C dry leavesD matches 5 Today most people in the world use to make a fire A heatersB matchesC stonesD lightning B Han Pingrun made sure he was at home every summer evening to watch the Japanese cartoon 卡通 series Famous Detective Konan 名侦探柯南 on TV The story is so interesting I want to know what happens next said the junior school student from Beijing Many students like Han love cartoons on TV in films and in comic books Cartoons are especially hot this year Cartoon shows were held in Shanghai and Guangzhou Hundreds of people visited and many were junior students Many famous cartoon characters 人物 like Crayon Shinchan 蜡笔小新 and Robotcat 机器猫 are popular among teens 青少年 Some students watch cartoons for fun Others think they can learn from cartoon characters Huang Yiyi a Junior 2 student from Guangzhou loves the red haired basketball player Sakuragi Hanamichi 樱木花道 from Slum Dunk 灌篮高手 He is very confident and never gives up he said Parents and teachers are worried that some cartoons are unfit for children Another pr