M2U1 Grammar.ppt

现在完成时 Presentperfecttense 1 PoliceinAmericahavesteppeduptheirsearchforafifteen year oldboywhowentmissing 2 Thisincidenthasreceivedgreatinterestduetoreportsof 3 Ihaven tseenJustinsince 构成 have has 过去分词 1 表示发生在过去 对现在仍有影响的动作 或刚刚结束的动作 P8 通常使用现在完成时的几种情况 1 Ihavereadthebook It sinteresting 2 Thepolicehavejustfinishedsearchingthearea 3 Ihaveneverheardofthatbefore 4 Shehasalreadyfinishedthework 温馨提示 这种用法通常与just already before yet never ever lately recently 等连用 2 表示过去开始的动作一直延续到现在 现可能还在进行 P8 1 ShehaslearntEnglishfor3years 2 WhathashappenedtotheUSAinthelast350years 3 Hehastaughtheresincetenyearsago 温馨提示 这种用法通常只能用于某些带有延续意义的动词 常与for 一段时间 since 时间点 从句 sofar uptonow inthelast years等时间状语连用 注意 表示短暂时间动作的词 如come go die marry buy等的完成时不能与for since等表示一段时间的短语连用 1 Hehasdiedfor3years 2 Hehasbeendeadfor3years 3 Ihavereceivedhisletterforamonth 4 Ireceivedthisletteramonthago 5 Ihaven treceivedhisletterforalmostamonth F T F T T TranslatethesesentencesintoEnglish 汤姆回来了 汤姆回来一个多星期了 Tomhascomeback Tomhasbeenbackforoveraweek 2 上个月我借了这本书 这本书我借了一个月了 Iborrowedthebooklastmonth Ihavekeptthebookforamonth 3 表示过去发生多次的动作 VillagerssaythattheyhaveseenUFOsmanytimes 4 现在完成时还可以用在时间和条件状语从句中 表示将来某时完成的动作 例如 I llgotoyourhomewhenIhavefinishedmyhomework Ifithasstoppedsnowinginthemorning we llgotothepark 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 一般过去时表示发生在过去的动作 和现在无关 现在完成时则强调某一发生在过去的动作与现在的关系 如对现在产生的结果或影响等 Mrs DarbylivedinKentuckyforsevenyears 达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州 Mrs DarbyhaslivedinKentuckyforsevenyears 现在还住在肯塔基州 有可能指刚离去 1 I see thisfilmyesterday 强调看的动作发生过了 2 I see thisfilm 强调对现在的影响 电影的内容已经知道了 3 He be intheLeagueforthreeyears 在团内的状态可延续 4 He join theLeaguethreeyearsago 强调加入的动作发生在过去 saw haveseen hasbeen joined 1 They move tothesouthin1990and live theresincethen 2 Eric leave homelastyearand justcome back 3 Justin be awayfromhomeforseveraldays He disappear lastFriday 4 They buy thishousethreeyearsagoandthey live heresincethen 5 Mybrother go toseemygrandpalastweek He visit himthreetimesthismonth moved havelived left hasjustcome hasbeen disappeared bought havelived went hasvisited 一般过去时还是现在完成时 1 Itisthefirst secondtime that 结构中的从句部分用 现在完成时 1 ItisthefirsttimethatI visit thecity 2 Thisisthefirsttime that I hear himsing 注意 Itwasthethirdtimethattheboy be late havevisited haveheard hadbeen 用于现在完成时的特殊句型 2 Thisis 形容词最高级 that 结构 that从句要用现在完成时 ThisisthebestfilmthatI ever see have seen 典型例题 1 Doyouknowourtownatall No thisisthefirsttimeI here A wasB havebeenC cameD amcoming 2 Haveyou beentoourtownbefore No it sthefirsttimeI here A even comeB even havecomeC ever comeD ever havecome B D 现在完成进行时 Presentperfectcontinuoustense 1 IhavebeenlearningEnglishforthreeyears 2 Heisverytired becausehehasbeencleaningtheroom 现在完成进行时表示某一动作在过去开始发生 已经持续到现在 并且还将持续 或刚刚停止 但与现在有关 强调持续和不间断性 现在完成进行时的构成 have hasbeen doing 现在完成时表示事件或动作刚结束 而现在完成进行时则强调动作仍在继续 1 IhavereadthelatestbookbyMrBrown 2 IhavebeenreadingthelatestbookbyMrBrown 现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别 1 Tom inthelibraryeverynightoverthelastthreemonths 2011北京 A worksB workedC hasbeenworkingD hadbeenworking C 高考链接 2 Whydoyouwanttoworkforourcompany 2010重庆 ThisisthejobthatI for A lookedB amtolookC hadlookedD havebeenlooking3 Joseph toeveningclassessincelastmonth buthestillcan tsay What syourname inRussian 2010辽宁 A hasbeengoingB wentC goesD hasgone D A 4 Thisisthefirsttimethestudents toHydePark A havegoneB havebeengoneC havebeengoingD arebeinggone5 She hermother sworksinceshewasadmittedintohospital A isdoingB hasbeendoingC hasdoneD hasbeendone 1 thatdresswhenIfirstsawyouatthestation A WereyouwearingB HaveyouwornC DidyouwearD doyouwear2 Katedoesn tlookverywell What swrongwithher Shehasaheadachebecauseshe toolong sheoughttostopwork A hasbeenreadingB hadreadC isreadingD wasreading3 Tellthestudentstostopshouting We ouressays A writeB havebeenwritingC arewritingD havewritten 动作动词与状态动词 Anactionmeanssomethinghappeningorchanging e g do go take comeandplay Astatemeanssomethingstayingthesame e g like know andexist 状态动词只用于完成时态 而动作动词可用于完成时态与完成进行时态 1 I have thiscameraforfiveyears 2 I take photosofUFOswiththiscamera havehad havetaken havebeentaking twice等表示次数的词只与完成时连用 而for则可以与完成进行时连用 1I visit Egypttwicethismonth 2I tour Egyptfortwomonths havevisited havebeentouring Howmanytimes Howlong Howmanytimes只与完成时连用 而Howlong则可以与完成进行时连用 1 haveyouswuminthelake 2 haveyoubeenswimminginthelake Howmanytimes Howlong 8 I theincidentasifitwereyesterday A amstilltorememberB havestillbeenrememberingC ambeingstillrememberedD stillremember9 Where themap Ican tseeanywhere I itrightherejustnow A didyouput haveputB haveyouput putC hadyouput wasputtingD wereyouputting haveput10 JohntoldMarythathe whathewasdoingduringthevacation A wasjustaskedB wasjustaskingC hadjustbeenaskedD hadjustasked DBC 11 Istartedmyteachingcareerattheschool Thatwasmorethantwentyyearsago andI thereeversince A wasB hadbeenC willbeD havebeen12 We fineweatherforthepastfewdays A haveB arehavingC havebeenhadD havebeenhaving13 It everydaysofarthismonth A israiningB rainsC hasrainedD hasbeenrained14 Bytheendoflastyearthey 1 000machines A turnedoutB hadturnedoutC wouldturnoutD hadbeenturnedout DDCB 15 Don tputthewasteontheground Oh I mverysorry I thedustbinthere A don tseeB isn tseeingC didn tseeD haven tseen16 Goodheavens Thereyouare We anxiousaboutyou We youbackmuchearlierallthroughthenight A are expectB were hadexpectedC willbe areexpectingD havebeen wereexpecting17 Althoughmedical