外文翻译--转向节技术发展现状

附 录 Steering knuckle technology development present situation Auto steering knuckle is key automotive parts, the quality of the security of the fit and unfit quality directly support crew and cargo security. At the same time, the car turned to the festival is very complex, difficult shape forming high parts. Our traditional ways of manufacturing high energy consumption, low material utilization ratio, die life, high cost and low manufacturing production environment is bad, and cant meet the requirements of the development of Chinas automotive high speed. At present, Chinas automotive steering knuckle is in the stage of development, technical level is developed countries also has the disparity. With the high speed development of auto industry, Chinas automobile steering knuckle is gradually towards specialized, advanced. In 2007, Chinas weapon equipment group company self-developed aluminum alloy steering knuckle smooth through the national nonferrous metal and electronic material analysis and test center of the test, can meet the international similar product standard, become our country the first successfully developed the aluminum alloy of steering joint enterprise, fill the product of domestic blank. In 2008, China successfully built a has the Chinese the most advanced technology, minimum investment scale, the lowest manufacturing costs and highest input-output ratio, the shortest investment return cycle of production capacity of 180000 pieces of heavy trucks to section of the automatic production line, the production out external shape in good condition, internal quality, the products consistency of strong, organization performance standards steering knuckle products. Product process characteristics or process Auto steering knuckle processing is divided into blank manufacturing and finished product machine to add. At present, the blank mainly forging is given priority to, also have made by casting the blank, but is less. Blank forging process mainly for PiCha, pull rod, the forging, eventually working procedure such as forging components. Will tell from machining, automobile steering knuckle divided into stem, flange constructed and a fork department etc three parts processing. 1, stem processing to the central hole positioning, car and ground is given priority to, processing key is grinding. 2, flange constructed is mainly brake installing hole processing of processing, to ensure that its position degree, and at the same time should take the processing efficiency. And, using one hole as processing fork department with positioning. 3, fork department is car steering knuckle processing the difficulties in processing, the two side, the machining positioning pin mainly is to guarantee the coaxial tolerance of the caster hole, and king pin hole and end of the vertical degree in, is the whole processing technology investment focus and equipment type selection of the key. Most of the cars in the region and to day the bars for assembly cone hole, which increased the fork of difficulty, cone hole machining processing is a lot of manufacturer is difficult to 100% qualified projects, shall be paid more and more attention, and otherwise, automobile steering knuckle early failure will start from here. 4, the stem strengthen treatment in order to improve the car turned to the section of the fatigue life, for most types of automotive steering knuckle all have the technical requirements, generally for rolling and intermediate frequency quenching, in order to form surface residual stress, improve product fatigue strength. Domestic processing of rolling demand is not high, difficulties in intermediate frequency quenching, mainly is the sensor in the design and manufacture of, but, in this home has professional manufacturers to solve. 5, king pin hole press-printing bushing after processing, some after being not request processing, some after being request processing. From the assembly point, processing after being more advantageous to the assembly, or influence to flexibility. Above is the automobile steering knuckle processing main content, according to the specific vehicle steering section of the different, there will be different degree of change, at the same time, processing equipment choice for the whole the effect of process is bigger, therefore, specific processes shall be according to the production program and selection of equipment to develop. 转向节技术发展现状 汽车转向节是汽车关键的保安零件，其品质的优劣直接维系着乘员和货物的安全。同时，汽车转向节是形状十分复杂、成形难度很高的零件。我国传统的制造方式能耗高、材料利用率低、模具寿命低、制造成本高、生产环境恶劣，不能满足我国汽车高速发展的要求。目前，我国汽车转向节正处于发展阶段，技术水平较发达国家还存在差距。 随着汽车产业的高 速发展，我国汽车转向节正逐步迈向专业化、先进化。 2007年，我国兵器装备集团公司自主研制的铝合金转向节顺利通过国家有色金属及电子材料分析测试中心的检测，性能达到了国际同类产品标准，成为我国第一家成功研制出铝合金转向节的企业，填补了该产品的国产空白。 2008 年，我国成功建成了一条拥有中国最先进工艺技术、最小投资规模、最低制造成本、最高投入产出比、最短投资回报周期的年产 18 万件重型卡车转向节的全自动生产线，生产出外部形状完好、内部品质优良、产品一致性强、组织性能达标的转向节产品。 产品工艺特点或流程 汽车 转向节的加工分为毛坯制造和成品机加。目前，毛坯主要以锻件为主，也有采用铸造毛坯的，但比较少。毛坯的锻造工艺主要为劈叉、拔杆、预锻、终锻等工序组成。 从机加工艺来讲，汽车转向节分为杆部、法兰盘和叉部等 3 个部分加工。 1、杆部加工以中心孔定位，车和磨为主，加工关键是磨削。 2、法兰盘加工主要是制动器安装孔的加工，要保证其位置度，同时要兼顾加工效率。并且，利用其中1 孔作为加工叉部定位用。 3、叉部加工是汽车转向节加工的难点，采用两销一面定位，其加工主要是保证主销孔的同轴度，以及主销孔与内端面的垂直度，是整个加工工艺 的投资重点和设备选型的关键。大部分汽车转向节在此部位还有横拉杆装配用的锥孔，这更增加了叉部加工难度，锥孔加工是许多厂家难以 100%合格的项目，应予重视，否则，汽车转向节的早期失效就从这里开始。 4、杆部的强化处理以