第五讲 形容词、副词.doc

第五讲 形容词、副词（一） 形容词1 形容词是用来修饰名词或名词短语的，一般放在名词之前。如：a little girl, a good book.2 形容词可作定语、表语、宾语补足语。如：She is tall（表语）。Keep the room clean（宾语补足语）。The old man is his grandma（定语）。3 形容词的比较等级。 大多数形容词有三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级。原级即形容词的原形。比较级和最高级的变化，分规则和不规则的两种。（1） 规则变化。单音节词和部分双音节词的变化如下表：构 成 法原级比较级最高级一般加-er、-estlongcoldlongercolderlongestcoldest以e结尾的词，只加-r、-stnicelargenicerlargernicestlargest以一个辅音字母结尾，前面的原音读短音时，要双写该辅音字母，加-er、-estbigfatbiggerfatterbiggestfattest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，改y为i，再加-er、-esteasybusyeasierbusiereasiestbusiest其他部分双音节词和多音节词，在前面加或来构成比较级和最高级：原级 比较级 最高级 slowly more slowly most slowly beautiful more beautiful most beautiful（2） 不规则变化如下表：原级比较级最高级good, wellbetterbestbad, illworseworstmany, muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther, furtherfarthest, furthestoldolder, elderoldest, eldest4 形容词比较等级的用法：（1） 表示二者之间的比较时，用“形容词比较级+than”句型。如：The sun is bigger than the earth.（2） 表示二者以上的比较时，用“the+形容词最高级（+名词）+of(in)”的句型。如：My brother is the tallest in his class.（3） 表示二者是同等程度或不同程度时用“as+形容词原级+as”或“not so(as)+形容词原级+as”的句型。如：This book is as good as that one. 又如：Li Ping is not as old as Wei Fang.（二） 副词副词是修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句的。副词的比较等级和形容词的比较等级完全相同。如：He speaks Japanese better than I. 又如：She jumps the highest of the three. 又如：She jumps as high as her sister.注：副词的最高级前面可以不用定冠词the，也可以用the。例题1 汉译英：“这本字典比那本字典贵得多。”例题2 判断句子是否正确：My sister is five years older than I. 例题3 怎样说：“她比班上的任何女孩子都要高。”例题4 “今天比昨天冷一点。”怎么说？例题5 改错：The classroom of Class One is bigger than Class Two.例题6 改错：The Summer Palace is one of the most beautiful park in Beijing例题7 完成句子：Now its winter. The days are getting _（越来越来短）例题8 选择正确句子：A. Li Ping runs as fast as she.B. Li Ping runs as fast as her.练 习I. 写出下列形容词、副词的比较级和最高级：1. clean 2. new 3. bad 4. good 5. nice 6. late 7. angry 8. young 9. busy 10. fine 11. quickly 12. cheap 13. light 14. little 15. red 16. wet 17. soon 18. careful 19. exciting 20. expensive .II按要求写出下列各词：1、wet_（反义词） 2、cheaper_（反义词） 3、least_（原级） 4、exciting_（最高级） 5、fat_（比较级） 6、careful_（副词） 7、happy_（副词） 8、quickly_（形容词） 9、earliest_（原级） 10、farther_（反义词） 11、much_（最高级） 12、bad_（比较级） 13、good_（最高级） 14、ill_（最高级） III选择填空：1. How _ the flower is!A beautiful B. beautifully C. more beautiful D. the most beautiful2. Which pen do you like _, the red one or the blue one?A good B. better C. gooder D. best3. The Changjiang River is _ river in China. A as long as B. long C. longer D. the longest4. Tom draws _. He draws _ than Mike and John. He draws _ among the three boys. A good, better, best B. well, better, best C. good, good, best D. well, well, better5. Peter swims _ than I, but he doesnt swim _my brother. A. well, as good as B. better, as well as C. good, as well as D. better, as good as6. Theres _ rain this summer than last one. A. many B. plenty C. much D. more7. He is _ enough to go to school. A. older B. oldest C. big D. old8. That was one of _ moments of that year. A. exciting B. more exciting C. the most exciting D. most exciting9. Which is _, English or Chinese? A. easy B. easier C. easiest D. easily10. Look! He is running _. A. faster and faster B. fast and fast C. fastest and fastest D. fastly and fastly11. This TV set is _ than all the others. A. expensive B. more expensive C. most expensive D. expensiver12. Physics is one of _ subjects for us. A. difficult B. more difficult C. most difficult D. the most difficult13. Do you get up _ your parents? A. early B. earlier C. as early as D. as earlier as14. Do you speak English _ your brother? A. best than B. well than C. as good as D. as well as15. Which is _, a chick, a sheep or a horse? A. heavy B. heavier C. heaviest D. the heaviestIV完成下列句子：1、 The girl is now _（高得多）than she was a year ago.2、 Millions of stars are even _（大和明亮）than the sun. They look small only because they are_（远得多）away.3、 China is _ （最大的国家之一）in the world.4、 Does Mary write _（一样认真）as Betty?5、 This elephant is _（强壮）， but that elephant is_（强壮一点） than this one.6、 Do you think chemistry is _（有趣）？7、 Its _（热）today than yesterday.8、 When a piece of ice is taken into a warm room, it becomes _（越来越小）。9、 In summer its _（凉快）in Beijing than in Guangzhou.10、 My brother _（跳舞不如我妹妹好）。11、 He is _（和我一样高），but he is（比我瘦得多）12、 Exercise One is _（难得多）than Exercise Two.Key:例题1 This dictionary is far more expensive than that one.例题2 错。应为：My sister is five years elder than I. 例题3 She is taller than any other girl in her class.例题4 Its a bit colder today than yesterday.例题5 改错：The classroom of Class One is bigger than that of Class Two.例题6 改错：The Summer Palace is one of the most beautiful parks in Beijing例题7 shorter and shorter例题8 AExercise I: 1. cleaner, cleanest 2. newer, newest 3. worse, worst 4. better, best 5. nicer, nicest 6. later, latest 7. angrier, angriest 8. younger, youngest 9. busier, busiest 10. finer, finest 11. more quickly, most quickly 12. cheaper, cheapest 13. lighter, lightest 14. less, least 15. reder, redest 16. wetter, wettest 17. sooner, soonest 18. more careful, most careful 19. more exciting, most exciting 20. more expensive, most expensiveExercise II: 1、dry 2、more expensive 3、little 4、most exciting 5、fatter 6、carefully 7、happily 8、quick 9、early 10、nearer 11、most 12、worse 13、better 14、worstExercise III: 1.A 2. B 3. D 4.B 5.B 6. D 7.D 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. B 12. D 13. C 14. D 15.DEx