外研版初一上册module 3.doc

1、重点词汇讲解some与any同：some和any 既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词。异：some意为“一些”，可作形容词和代词。它常修饰可数名词复数。如：some books一些书，some boys一些男孩，也可修饰不可数名词，如：some water一些水，some tea一些茶叶，some常用在肯定句中。any意为“任何一些”，它也可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，any常用于疑问句和否定句。如： -I have some tea here. 我这儿有些茶叶。 -I cant see any tea. 我没看见茶叶。 -Do you have any friends at school? 你在学校有些朋友吗? -I have some English books, they are my best friends. 我有英语书，它们是我最好的朋友。 注： 在表示建议，反问，请求的疑问句中，或期望得到肯定回答时，多用some而不用any。如： Would you like some coffee? 你要不要来点咖啡? What about some fruit juice? 来点水果汁如何? 当any表示“任何”的意义，起强调作用时，它可以用在肯定句中； Any student can answer this question.任何学生都可以回答这个问题。 同步练习：用some和any填空1. There isnt _ milk in the fridge.2 .I can see _ cars, but I cant see _ buses.3. He has _ friends in England.4. Were there _ trees on the farm?5. Would you like _ tea?No ,Id not like _ tea, but Id like _ cakes.6. Do you want to take _ photos?7. Is there _ rice in the kitchen?8. There are _ new buildings in our school.9. Here are _ presents for you.10.- Are there _ pictures on the wall?-No, there arent _ pictures.方位介词短语的应用：一般用于回答“where”引导的特殊疑问句。on 在.上面 如：There is a book on the desk.在桌子上有一本书。 in在.里面 如：I have got some apples in my bag.我有一些苹果在我包里面。 under在.下面 如： Look!A girl is singing under the three.看！一个女孩在树下唱歌。behind 在后面 如：The yellow dog is behind the door.那只黄色的狗在门后。 next to 和紧挨着 如：A man sits next to me on the bus.在公车上一个男人挨着我坐。in front of 在.前面 表示处于一个范围之外的如：The girl sits in front of me.这个女孩坐我前面。in the front of 在.前面 表示处在听一个范围之内的如：The girl is standing in the front of the bus.这个女孩站在公车的前面。同步练习：1.My brother is _ the door A.to B.in C.behind D.of 2.There is a river _ his house. A.in front of B.in the front C.in the front of D.in front 3.The library is _ our classroom. A.on B.at C.in D.next to -There are 46students in my class.-Thats 24boys and 22girls.No, thats not right.详解：thats在这里表示对前面内容的具体解释和说明，译为“即，那就是”。That is 还可以说成that is t say .如：This book is 10 yuan.That book is 5 yuan.Thats 15 yuan. 这本书十元，那本书五元，也就是总共十五元。right adj. 正确的。 如： Is the answer right? 这个答案正确吗？拓展：right还可做“右边的”如 Touch your right leg.摸一下你的右腿。 right做“右边的”讲时反义词为 left“左边的” right 做“正确的”讲时反义词为wrong“错误的”同步练习：-Is the answer _ or wrong?-Its wrong.A.left B.front C.behind D.rightone 的特殊用法：-Are there any science labs ? -Yes,there is one behind the library.one在此处做替代词相当于“a science lab”.即“a(an)+名词”用来替代前面出现过的同类事物。如：He has an English dictionary.Do you have one?他有一本英语字典，你有吗？it 是“它”的意思。在句子中可代替上文中出现的某物的单数名词。如：-Where is my dog? Its behind the door. 我的狗在哪儿？ 它在门后。当前面句子所提到的名词是负数形式时，后面又再次提到用they.如：-Where are my shoes? -They are under the bed.同步练习：1、Your cell phone is cheap . Where did you buy _? I want to buy_,too. A.one,one B.it,it C.it,one D.one,it 2.These coats are too short.Give us some long_. A.ones B.one C.ones D./a ,an的用法同：都表示“一个”的意思，用于可数名词单数前。异：a用于辅音因素开头的的名词前，an用于元音因素开头的名词前。易错点：an apple an elephant an English book an hour an “n” / ”s” a university 同步练习：( ) 1 Han Meimei is _ Chinese girl. Lucy is _ English girl.A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a( ) 2 A little boy wrote_ U and_ n on the wall.A. a; an B. an; a C. an; an D. a; a( ) 3 _ old lady in brown is_ university professor.A. An; a B. An; / C. The; an D. The; a( ) 4 There are sixty minutes in_hour.A. an B. the C. a D. /( ) 5 This is _ interesting book and it is also _ useful one.A. an; an B. an; the C. ah; a D. a; a2.语法学习名词所有格：1 名词所有格表示所属关系，相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法如下： (1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加s。 ChildrensDay(儿童节),my sisters book(我姐姐的书) (2)以s或es结尾的复数名词。只在词尾加。 Teachers Day(教师节) boys shoes 男孩的鞋子特殊的名词复数仍要加 s如children就是child的名词复数形式它变所有格时则必须加 s (3)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词，也可在词尾加s. todaysnewspaper(今天的报纸), ten minutesbreak(十分钟的课间休息), Chinaspopulation(中国的人口). (4)无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词，一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系。 a photo of my father 我爸爸的一张照片表示无生命东西的名词所有格，一般与 of 构成短语表示前者属于后者 同步练习：（ ） September 10th is_in China.A. Teachers Day B. TeachersDay C. Teacher Day D. Teachers Day( ) 2 -Is the broom under _ desk? -No, its under_. A. the teachers; my B. teachers; mine C. teachers; me D. the teachers; mine( ) 3 Excuse me, where is the_? A. mens room B. mens room C. mens rooms D. men rooms课后作业：根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。1、 We are having lunch in the d_ h_.2、 They are studying in the c_.3、 My friends are playing football on the p_.4、 Dont walk b_ me.5、 We can watch a basketball match in the g_.There are 30 floors in this b_.there be 句型的学习巩固一：there be 句型基本认识1、 定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。2、结构：(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语. (2) There are +复数名词+地点状语. Eg： There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。 There is some water in the bottle.杯子里有一些水。 There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。注意事项： there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。二： there be 句型的常考点考点一：各种句型转化。1：变成否定There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，not a/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.。例如： There are some pictures on the wall. There arent any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall. There is a bike behind the tree. There isnt a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree.2：变成一般疑问句There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。There is some water on Mars. Is there any water on Mars? There are some fish in the water. Are there any fish in the water? 3：特殊疑问句对主语提问：当主语是人的时候，则用who 引导，当主语是物的时候，则用what 引导。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： There are many things over there. Whats over there? There is a little girl in the room.Who is in the room? 对地点状语提问：则用where 引导。如：There is a computer on the desk. Where is the computer? There are four children on the playground. Where are the four children? 对数量提问：般有两种句型结构： How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语？ How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语？( )1.There_ not _ milk in the cup on the tab