最高级用法.doc

比较级和最高级及其使用形容词的比较级和最高级:单音节加 er/est 多音节加 more/ most说 明例 词一般情况加er, estsmaller,smallest以e 结尾加r,stlarger,largest单音节词和少数多音节的形容词，加词尾er ,est以辅音字母+y 结尾的词改y为i，再加er,est earlybusier,busiest lazier laziest重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母双写末尾辅音字母，加er,estfatter,fattest redder, hotter以ow,er结尾的双音节词加er ,estnarrower,narrowestcleverer,clevest多数双音节(副词)和多音节的词加more mostmore beautiful,most important1. friendlymore friendly; commonmore common; helpfulmore helpful，more careful, more nervous, more relaxed, more normal，modern- more modern2.双音节形容词y结尾 用er: healthier, busier, angrier, heavier, thirstier, noisier , 而双音节副词用more, more slowly, more quickly, 3. unhappymore unhappy, lucky-luckier-unluckymore unlucky 副词的比较级和最高级1大多数以ly结尾的副词前加more 和most 来构成比较级和最高级。2少数单音节副词，加er,est 构成其比较级和最高级 。几个特殊的形容词和副词原级比较级 最高级good ,wellbetterbestbad, ill, badlyworseworstmany ,muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther, furtherfarthest, further(提高进一步)oldolder, elderoldest, eldest比较级和最高级的常用句型 名称句型 例句相等as 原形 as (as 原形+名词 as )The train travels as fast as the 3:55 train.He has not as much money as his friend.不及not as(so) 原形 as (not asso +名词+原形 as )She is not as (so)beautiful as her sister.比较级+ than Health is more important than wealth.超越the +比较级+of the two两者中较 的一个He is the taller of the two.Who / Which + be +比较级 , A or B ?Which is more interesting, maths and Chinese程度递增er and er，more and more+多音节词原级 (越来越)higher and higher， more and more important 两种情况同时变化the +比较级，the+比较级（越，越）The quicker you get ready, the soonerwell be able to leave.三者或三者以上比较1)the +最高级+of/in+比较范围（之中最）2 Who / Which + be +最高级, A, B, or C ? 2 + be + one of the +最高级 +复数名词 表示最的之一3 + be +the + 序数词 +最高级 +单数名词 + 范围, 表示是.的第几。 4 + be + the 最高级 that 某人 have/ has ever + 过去分词. ( 定语从句 )1.Of all things in the world, people are the precious.2. ChangJiang is one of the longest rivers in the world.3.ChangJiang is the second longest river in China.4.This is the most excited film that I have seen.比较级结构的修饰语1用于原级之前：almost, nearly, just, exactly, quite, rather, very, half , twice,three times , a third,etc.John is almost as tall as you.The river is three times as long as that one.We have a third as many students as we had last term.*2用于比较级前a lot, much , a bit, even, a little , still, far, ,It takes many more hours to go there by train than by plane.Its cold this year, but its even colder last year.位置与功能形容词指用来修饰名词或某些代词，表示人或事物的性质、特征或状态的词，在句中作定语, 表语, 宾语补足语等。形容词可分为描述性的和表述性的A:1. 在名词前做定语，为最常见用法。请注意多个形容词（含其它起形容词作用的词）做前置定语的顺序。县官行令杀国才。这一句就概述了形容词顺序问题。即：限（冠词物主代词、指示代词数词等）观 （描绘） 形（大小、形状等） 龄 （年龄、新旧等）色（色彩）国（国籍、出处等）材（材料、功用等）an interesting English film a heavy black Chinese silk umbrella做后置定语。修饰由不定代词no ,any, some ，every和one,thing等构成的复合词或形容词短语。Something important, nothing special2表语。一定要注意系动词的后面只跟形容词出现情况。这是一个热点问题。 常见系动词有：be 变化系词： become, get ,turn, grow, go保持系词： keep ,remain, stay感观系词： look, smell , taste, feel, sound,appear , seem ,prove etc.N：某些以a 开始的形容词只做表语，不做定语。be afraid, alike, alone, asleep ,awake，alive He feels lonely, he lives along.某些表状况的形容词只能做表语,不做定语well(身体健康),ill ,afraid, 而sick, frighten, living, waking, sleepy+ person,只作定语S: 某些以-ly 结尾的词是形容词而不是副词。friendly, lively, lovely, lonely, weekly, monthly等。复合形容词的形式问题。an 800-meter-wide river an English-speaking country a middle-aged man副词是用来说明动词的，或用来修饰形容词或副词的，修饰动词的副词一般放在动词之后。副词用来说明时间、地点或方式等，副词在句中一般可用作状语、表语或宾语补足语等。位置1）时间副词和地点副词一般放于句尾。如同时出现，则地点副词在前。They went boating in Zhongshan Park yesterday.2)表频率的时间副词是热点always, seldom, often, never, rarely, usually 等，通常放于行为动词之前，be词、情态动词和助动词之 后。 He is always telling lies,so I will never believe him.3)程度副词一般放在被修饰词之前 very, hardly, far, much, quite, rather, too, so, pretty（但 enough除外）He is very young ,so he is