SY写作主要用课件,仔细看哦,尤其是上课讲的部分,书信和其他范文参考哈 (2).doc

四级写作吴天芸课件下载： 搜索 wutianyun公共邮箱：woaixue_123456654321Astronomy 天文学：Total eclipse 日全食Star/planet 行星Solar calendar 阳历Lunar calendar 阴历Milky way 银河系Venus 金星Mars 火星Mercury 水星Jupiter 木星Saturn 土星UpgradeAccumulateV: varyPass away/commit suicide/abandon the world/return to dust/violent deathI: inputP: practice对立观点型：1解决问题型：2 （negative）书信：3图表：4口头作文谚语警句型模块面临问题：废水 waste/polluted water废气 waste/polluted gas废渣 waste/polluted residue全球变暖 global warming温室效应 greenhouse effect温室气体 greenhouse gas(es)濒危野生动物 endangered wildlife工业固体废物 industrial solid wastes白色污染 white pollution (by using and littering of non-degradable white plastics)有机污染物 organic pollutants森林砍伐率 rate of deforestation水土流失 water and soil erosion土壤盐碱化 soil alkalization环境恶化 environmental degradation城市化失控 uncontrolled urbanization拯救措施中国环保基本政策 the basic policies of Chinas environmental protection预防为主、防治结合的政策 policy of prevention in the first place and integrating prevention with control治理环境污染 curb environmental pollution; bring the pollution under control 可降解一次性塑料袋 throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags垃圾填埋场 refuse landfill垃圾焚化厂 refuse incinerator防止过度利用森林 protect forests from overexploitation水土保持 conservation of water and soil水资源保护区 water resource conservation zone造林工程 afforestation project珍稀濒危物种繁育基地 rare and endangered species breeding center绿化祖国 turn the country green全民义务植树日 National Tree-Planting Day森林覆盖率 forest coverage防风林 wind breaks （防沙林 sand breaks）速生林 fast-growing trees降低资源消耗率 slow down the rate of resource degradation开发可再生资源 develop renewable resources环保产品 environment-friendly products自然保护区 nature reserve710 425 Distribution 正态分布20万 35% 9：00-11：209：00-9：159:15-9:45 writing 30min 15%9：45-10：00 fast reading 10% (1%*7 单选+1%*3 细节填空)10:00-10:35 listening 35min 35%10:35-11:20 15选10 5% 大阅读 2passages*5*2%=20% 综合：完型（0.5%*20=10%）/改错（1%*10=10%） 翻译 1%*5=5%听力 阅读 35%综合 10% 写作 20%06.6.24/12 07.6/12 08.6/12 09.6 Effective & efficient420030min 120w扫：字数够不够 8-10w 0.53 clean &clear :formal 找:关联词 3-5to begin with/in the second place last but not least 藏拙 14 11 8 5 2闪光词汇 upgradeInput/outputAccumulateReading makes a full man;Writing makes an exact man.I adore you.With you, I find myself lost;Without you, I find myself wanting to be lost again.You were my eyes when I couldnt see; you were my voice when I couldnt speak.Important: critical/crucial/Essential/vital/Significant/fundamental 感 14 11 8 5 2简单原则，安全第一As few grammar mistakes as possibleVIP：vary (多样化) Input PracticeSome people thinkAn (increasingly) amount of/several individuals believe/argue/claim/contend/maintain/assert/hold the viewpoint that./take the attitude that/harbour the idea thatFirst of all, I wish that all of you have a sound body and mind.Framework 框架拓展思路和将句子扩充方法：对立观点型/Problem-Solution 解决问题型Pets reduce loneliness.Keeping pets, such as .(rat/ox/tiger: roar/rabbit/dragon/snake; serpent/horse: horses for courses 知人善任/sheep/monkey/Rooster: crow/dog: bark/pig) reduce loneliness to some extent 在一定程度上 for both adults and children, especially the senior citizens/the elderly and people who cannot see(blind), people who cannot hear(deaf), people who cannot speak(dumb) and other people suffering from various kinds of diseases. 详述法相关即可，自圆其说第 一 节一、考试题型1、 应用文（7考）：口头作文（2考）、书信作文（5考）2、 论说文（25考）：提纲作文（23考）、图表作文（2考）3、 段首句作文：4考4、 课程安排：1） 考试题型、考试要求、评卷实例2） 口头作文、书信总论3） 书信详解4） 论说文、翻译5、 学习方法：实力（高分策略）技巧（万能框架）四级作文万用结构: 起：起动观点，开篇点题: 应用文：firstly, first, lastly 议论文：用有文采的,比如: First of all, in the first place, first and foremost, for one thing, on the other hand It goes without saying that 承：正面论证，解析观点:Besides, moreover, furthermore, in addition, whats more Last but not least, even worse, more important 转：反面论证，与众不同: It is admittedly that, Admittedly, Nevertheless, yet, whereas=while 比较圆润 but 生硬 Instead, by comparison, by contrast, on the contrary, conversely, in comparison 合：总结归纳，画龙点睛 一篇文章至少3个表示合的词，第2，3段最后，第3段开头 Thus, hence, in brief, in short, in conclusion, in summary, to summarize, as a result, to sum up, as a consequence, in general, generally speaking. 原则：1 写的每个词必须是背过或者看过，自己编造容易错 2 想到的第一个词永远不要使用二、考试要求大学英语考试大纲中明确规定：四级大学英语写作考试时间为30分钟。要求应试者写出一篇不少于120个词的短文；写作命题源于日常生活和有关科技、社会文化等方面的一般常识，不涉及知识面过广、专业性太强的内容。其命题方式有：给出题目、或规定情景、或给出段首句续写、或给出关键词写短文、或看图作文。要求内容切题，文理通顺，表达正确，语义连贯，无重大语言错误。Superior/inferior topromising future3300 4200Proper/suitableAppropriate tol/nnowadays避免头重脚轻 it6、 时间要求：30分钟1） 审题（3分钟）：2） 写作（25分钟）：3） 检查（2分钟）：语法（时态、冠词、主谓一致）、拼写、标点【2005.06】For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay/composition/paper/thesis in honor of teachers on the occasion of Teachers Day. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1. 向老师表达节日祝贺2. 从一件小事来回忆老师的教诲和无私的奉献3. 我如何回报老师的关爱September 10th is the day that every student should bear in mind. It is the time to express our congratulations to our teachers, who have devoted most of their time and energy to us.I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude. I am referring to that unfortunate accident the other day, when I was knocked off my bike by a taxi. If it had not been for my teachers timely assistance in giving me first aid, I fear that the consequences might have been much serious. Everyone agrees that it was his quick-witted response in that emergency that has led to this satisfactory outcome.I will repay my teachers kindness with my unselfish help to others. Although nowadays people in mounting numbers talk about the need to be unselfish, we see very few people practice what they preach. If there were more people like my teacher, this world would be a much nicer place.（1）Once in front of me, stood an outstanding/excellent teacher. Yet, I did not value/cherish him. Not until the moment I lost him, did I realize how regretful I was. If God gave me another chance/opportunity, I would repay him.（2）I sat outside in the hall. Everything inside me has gone away. I didnt think. I could not think. I knew she was leaving me, but I prayed she not.（Ernest Hemingway: The Sun also Rises）Create imitate 化繁为简人们认为：it is generally/ widely believed/ held/ agreed that越来越：be increasingly + adj., be on the rise, the growing number of万能理由（Omnipotence）1. 方便：convenient/ convenience2. 效率：efficient/ efficiently/ efficiency3. 节省和浪费：save time/ money/ space/energy; time-saving，economical, thrift 节俭的 waste time/ money/ space; time-consuming 耗时的, costly, lavish，luxury4. 人的心理健康：independent: internship实习 cooperative, competitive, considerate, confident, creative, sociable, perseverance;坚持不懈 self-centered, isolated 孤立的5. 人的身体健康：health, disease, strong, strength, energetic/vigorous 活力充沛的6. 娱乐：colorful, pleasure, add joy to life, recreation=entertainmentrecreational activity, relax (get oneself relaxed 松弛身心) tired/be exhausted 筋疲力尽的, boring/dull/tediousAll work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.All shall be well;Jack shall have Jill.There are other fish in the sea.7. 环境：environment/surrounding/circumstance情境, green house effect 温室效应pollute/pollutant 污染源：H: hydrogen 氢, +bombO：oxygen 氧N：nitrogen 氮CO2：carbon dioxideSO2: sulfur dioxideHydrocarbon 烃类Melamine poisonous, dirty8. 安全和危险：safe/secure, security, danger, risk9. 经验：experience, enrich/broaden social experience, enter the society10. 人际：humane, fair, unfair, help, aid/assistance, freedom, freely3+25+2:check detail写完之后修改注意：（内容方面尽量不要修改）1、字母大小写 2、怪符号 3、单词拼写 4、主谓一致 5、动词时态 6、名词单复数7、 字数要求：120150词8、 写作主题：大学校园生活（学习、生活、工作）9、 命题方式：段首句、提纲、命题、关键词、情景、图表作文10、 具体要求：1） 语言第一位：表达通顺、无重大语言错误 its not what you say; its the way you say it （1） 基础一般：简单原则、安全第一（2） 基础较好：句子结构词多变V:IP2） 结构第二位：structure（1） 逻辑性：A. 并列：and/or/butB. 因果：because/in that, since/as, forC. 转折：but/however（2） 关联词：起：启动观点，开篇点题First, firstly, first of all, in the first place, in the second place,first and foremost, for one-thing- for another, on the one hand- on the other hand承：正面论证 Besides, moreover, furthermore, in addition, what is moreThe last but not the least, last but not leastMore importantly, even worse转：反面论证Nevertheless, yet, whereas= while, instead, by contrast, in comparison, on the contrary, conversely合：文章结尾，合并归纳（3）Thus, hence, in brief, in short, in conclusion, as a result, as a consequence, consequently, to sum up, in general, generally speaking3） 内容第三位：Last night, I was kicked by my girl friend. She ran away with a small white face. She is my green plum and bamboo horse. Now I know that love is blind. Beauty is but skin-deep. Money is the root of evil. However, I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country. Could you please tell me why the injured is always me. It is high time that you teachers devoted your love to me. If you do not give me full mark, I will commit suicide immediately.三、评卷实例11、 教材第5页第1篇：中英思维差异1） 中式思维：情感分段、读者领会、迂回模式、归纳式思维2） 英式思维：逻辑分段、作者交代、直线模式、演绎式思维 Most people thought that read books should have been selectived. But others belived reading extentively was correction. Selective books or reading extensively? Sure, you can choice one from previous ideas, on one hand, There are too book to read for us. We should choose those which we intrested, and it would be helpful for us. on another hand. Someones intresting was wide. Each book could bring you specific contain we couldnt reading at only one level. I confirmed all of these ideas were good but werent wise. As a reader, the main task is to discover more and more books the second task is to held some which wonderful and helpful for us. Dont treat these books with rackless abandon. The best technology of reading is connect. 12、 教材第4页第2篇： I think reading not only selectively but also extensively. Because the two sides are not contradict. Our time is limited. So we can not read every book in the world. However, we will not be interested in every book. We should read those books may be useful to ours, read those books which we like. But those books which we choose must be extensively so it can give ours all kinds of knowledge, news and so on, it also make ours become a wise man. On the one hand reading selectively let ours not waste our time which it is limited. Moreover it can emphasis among all books that we can read. On the other hand reading extensively can deal with all kinds of need in our life. They are all useful to ours.13、 教材第5页第3篇：Some people think reading shall be choosed. Because some books are good to hummen beings and some books are harmful to people. Some people think that men shoud read books widely. Because wide reading can help man get much knowledge. And man can use it to change the world.It is my point that reading must be selectively. Because reading is important to man. Some books can help man but some books can lead some people to crime. It can be seen in the newspapers and watched on TV. We can make full use of some good books and gain more useful knowledge. It can make our life more beautiful. we must give up those unhelpful books. They are not good to us. Reading them is wasting time and money. So reading selectively is an important part in reading.14、 教材第5页第2篇：How should we read? Should we read selectively or extensively? Everyone has his own view.Some people think we should read selectively. They argue that with the development of modern science and technology, more and more books are published. It is impossible for us to read all the books. Whats more, there are many bad books that are poisonous to our mind, and we shouldnt read them. Since we cant read all the books and we shouldnt read bad books, we must read selectively. But others may not agree. They emphasize that todays society is not what it was. If one man has many kinds of knowledge hell have more chances to succeed. If a man knows much in one field but knows nothing in other fields, he may be useless. Since we must have many kinds of knowledge, we must read extensively.Whos right? I think both of them have something right. But I think we should read extensively first. We should read books in many fields, and read selectively in one field.15、 教材第4页第1篇： When it comes to reading, some people think that reading selectively is a good way, but some other people do not agree with them, they think that reading extensively is better. Those people, who think that reading selectively is better, believe that good books are as many as bad books. Those good books can give us pleasure and knowledge, while those bad books can only lead us to the wrong way. So, they suggest that we should only choose the good books to read and never touch the bad books. But, the other people, who hold that reading extensively is better, think that one kind of books can only give us one aspect of knowledge. Even the best book only contains one field of information. So, they can easily come to the conclusion that to know more, to read more. So they believe that reading extensively is better.To my point, we should choose good books to read and read good books as many as possible. By this way, we can increase the quality and quantity of reading.避免重复对比：whereas使.误入歧途lead sb. Astrayone the othersome othersknowledge in one field/areathe best book: Bibleconvey the essenceknow sth. about everything and know everything about sth.therefore, thus, hencedraw/arrive at/come to the conclusionin order to know more, one should read more classics经典/masterpiece 杰作as far as Im concernedextensive reading:报刊: 21st Century China Daily:4,7,16 CE 阅读版 T 纽约客Selectively/Extensive/intensive选修课：selective/optional course必修课: compulsory courseChampionCampaign 阵营Champagne 香槟题目： Bicycles An Important Means of Transport in China.提纲： （1）为什么自行车在中国这样普及（2）和汽车的比较（3）自行车在中国的前途Score: 14 Bicycles are very popular in China. Almost every family in the city has two or three bicycles. During the rush hour, you can see that thousands of people -man and woman, old and young-ride their bicycles to work and study. That is why China is called the kingdom of bicycles. Compared with cars, bicycles are superior in many ways. First, they are cheap, convenient and easy to ride. Second, riding bicycle is good for health. Third, they bring no noise nor air pollution. Though cars are faster and more comfortable, they are too expensive. They consume plenty of oil and they pollute the air. Sometimes, it is difficult for a driver to park his car. Moreover they often cause traffic jams and accidents. In my opinion, the future of bicycle is very promising. Since China is a developing country and has a large population, I think, riding bicycle is appropriate to Chinese present conditions. It will be an important means of transportation for quite a long time.Score: 11 There millions of bicycles in todays China. Bicycles are very important means of transport in peoples daily lives. Because to ride a bicycle is very simple, to buy a bicycle will not cost so much money, to park a bicycle needs just a small room and to ride a bicycle does not need oil but the riders strength, biycles are popular all over the world, especially in China.Compared with a car, a bicycle is much cheaper. It is more suitable for China as a developing country. And a bicycle has almost caused no pollution but a car has. On the countary, a bicycle is too slow, it costs more times than a car.I think the population of Chinas bicycle will be kept for the long run. Becuse it will be replaced by a car, a bus and so on in some developed areas in China, and it will be made a wide use in the developing areas in China, the number of bicycles in China will be the same as today but I believe that its quality will be improved.Score:8 Bicycle is an important means of transport in China. The important reason of it is the economy of Chinese. The use of bicycle in China is widely because people in China have not high wage. They can only afford a bicycle, and they have no money to buy a car which is too expensive. So Chinese usually buy a bicycle, and use it to go to work, or go to travel and so on. The other reason is the large population of China. All these made the bicycle become the important means of transport. The bicycle, compared to the car, is not too expensive and it is easy to learn and to use and it can save the surface of putting it. It doesnt ask to build the garage like car. This point is very important to China, because of the lack of land. It isnt too expensive, so Chinese can afford it. It doesnt need any oil, and it cant cause the polusion. All of these are the good needs compared to the car. In the future, bicycle will be widely used. And it will be in good demand. People will produce much more modern bicycles.Score:5 Perhaps the amount of bicycle in China is the largest in the world. Why was it so widely used in China? I thought the answer was: the population in China is too large and the price of bicycle is much cheaper. The third answer is that the bicycle is easier in using than other transportations. Comparing with the car, the bicycle is cheaper and it is easier in using than the car, but its speed is lower than that of the car. The bicycle will be remained for a long time in China but in the end it will be disappe