状语从句 (2)

状语从句的析与练 用来修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词等而充当状语的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句常用从属连词来引导，与主句连接起来。若置于句末，则前面不加逗号。根据意义和作用，状语从句可分为时间原因条件等几种。下面我们就来分析一下这几种状语从句。1 时间状语从句 时间状语从句常用从属连词when, after, until, as soon as, 等来引导。当主句是祈使句或谓语动词是一般将来时态或情态动词时，其时间状语从句中的谓语动词常用一般现在时态表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。这就是我们常说的“主将从现”。如：Please call me when you get there. 当你到那时，请给我打个电话。I will write to you as soon as I arrive in Beijing. 我一到北京就给你写信。 since 引导时间状语从句表示“自从以来”，从句中的动词一般表示动作的起点，用过去时；而主句的动作延续的情况则用一般现在时或现在完成时。常用的句型为： It has been/ is + 一段时间+ since + 过去时。如：I has been/ is three years since we met last time. 自从我们上次见面，已经三年了。2 条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的连词或词组有：if （如果), unless（除非）, as long as（只要）等。如果主句是将来时，条件状语从句也用一般现在时来表示。如：I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨，我就待在家。You cant learn English well unless you work hard.除非你努力学习，否则是学不好英语的。if引导的条件状语从句用 法 例 句 主句为一般将来时态，if从句用一般现在时态（即主将从现）。We will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.如果明天下雨，我将要呆在家。 主句中含有情态动词，if从句用一般现在时态。If you finish your homework, you can go home now. 如果你做完了作业，你现在可以回家了。 主句为祈使句，if从句用一般现在时态。Dont jump into the river if you feel very hot. 如果你感到很热，不要跳入河里。 主句为过去将来时，if从句用一般过去时态（如果涉及到be动词，一律都用were）。此时，表达的是和现实相反的推测，用虚拟语气。If I were you, I wouldnt do it like that.如果我是你，我就不会那么做的。If you gave me some money, I would be very happy. 如果你给我一些钱，我就会很高兴的。【边学边做】用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。1. What will you buy if you _（have）a lot of money?2. If it _（not snow）tomorrow, we will feel unhappy.3. You mustnt go to school if you _（be）still in bed.4. If he _（be）at home at that time, he would know it.5. Please show me the way if you _（know）it.6. You will hurt your teeth if you _（eat）too much candy.7. If you gave me a toy car, I _（be）very happy.8. I would get the prize if I _（work）hard. 由if 引导的条件状语从句，若从句表达的是与现在事实相反的事实，则常用虚拟语气，即用过去时态表示（如果涉及到be动词，一律都用were）。此时，主句则用过去将来时。如：If I had enough money, I would buy it for you. 如果我有足够的钱，我将把它买给你。I wouldnt do it if I were you. 如果我是你，我是不会做的。3 原因状语从句because, since, as, for 都可用来引导原因状语从句，那么它们又有哪些区别呢？ because 用来表示“造成某种结果的直接原因”，语气较浓，常用来回答why提出的问句。如： - Why are you late? - Because my bike is broken. as 和since用来表示“看的到的或是不说也知道的原因”，since 也可译作：“既然”。如：As he is old enough, let him do it. 他既然长大了，就让他干吧！ Since his shoes are worn out, lets buy him a new pair. 既然他的鞋坏了，那我们就给他买双新的吧。 for 引导的原因状语从句不置于句首，常用来表示“顺便提及的理由”，只是稍带说明原因，并非强调。如：I must stay here, for its raining so hard. 我必须得待在这儿，因为雨下的很大。 当然，除了以上提到的几种状语从句之外，我们还学过由than 引导的比较状语从句，由so that 引导的结果状语从句等。在具体作题时，只要保持清醒地头脑，仔细地审题，冷静的分析，相信会取得好成绩！怎么样，来几道练习题挑战一下吧！真题链接（ ）1. Youll do much better _ youre more careful with your spelling. A. if B. before C. although D. unless （2006 陕西）（ ）2. _ you told me, I heard nothing of what happened. A. Until B. After C. If D. Since （2006 潍坊）（ ）3. I dont understand the text_ there are few new words in it. A. so B. because C. if D. though （2006 青岛）（ ）4. I sit in the front of the classroom _ I can hear clearly. A. so that B. when C. in order （2006 青海）（ ）5. -Come and join us, Jimmy! - Im sorry, but I m really busy now. If I _time, I would certainly go. A. will have B. have had C. had D. have （2006 河南）（ ）6. - Would you please give this message to Jay when he _? - Yes, I will. A. will come B. would come C. comes D. is coming （2006 杭州）（ ）7. If you dont go to the meeting tomorrow,_. A. he will, too B. he wont, either C. he does, too D. he doesnt, either （2006 重庆）（ ）8. -Did David go to school yesterday? -No, _he had a bad cold. A. because B. if C. though （2006 佛山）（ ）9. Most people _when the big earthquake took place in that area. A. are sleeping B. were sleeping C. slept D. sleep. （2006 上海）（ ）10. If _sunny tomorrow, I_ fishing in South Lake. A. is, go B. will be, go C. is, will go D. will be, will go （2006 昆明）大显身手单项选择（ ）11.I know nothing about the news _ my friend told me yesterday. A. because B. since C. until D. after（ ）12. I will tell him if I _ him. A. saw B. will see C. seeing D. see（ ）13. I am sleepy _ I didnt sleep well last night. A. when B. that C. because D. so（ ）14. They wont be back until the work_. A. do B. does C. is done D. will do（ ）15.- When will you call me? - I will call you as soon as _ in Shanghai. A. arrive B. arrives C. arriving D. will arrive（ ）16. Ill go to cinema this Sunday_. A. if it will be sunny B. if Im free C. when I have no time D. because Im busy.（ ）17. Dont worry. Ill tell Mrs. White _she comes back. A. when B. how C. why D. where（ ）18. _he studies hard, _he doesnt pass the exam. A. Though, but B. Though, / C. But, Though D. But, /（ ）19. It has been two months since I _my hometown. A. leave B. will leave C. left D. have left（ ）20. The coat is _ expensive _ I cant afford it. A. such, that B. so, but C. so, that D. such, that句型转换21. Wang Xiao didnt go to school. She had a fever. （合并为一个复合句） Wang Xiao didnt go to school _she had a fever.22. If you dont study hard, you wont pass the exam. （改为同义句） You wont pass the exam _ you study hard.23. I am 15. My brother is 13. （合并为一个复合句） I am two years older _my brother.24. Its raining heavily, but I still go to school. （改为同义句） I still go to school _ its raining heavily.25. It is three years since I joined the army. （改为完成时态） I have _ _ the army for three years.翻译句子26. I will show him the new book as soon as he _. （到这儿来）27. What will she do when she _? （长大）28. We will go out to play if it _ tomorrow. （不下雪）29. While my mother _, som