2014级第一学期语法练习题答案及注释.docx

2014级语法练习题Part I：动词时态 (30)1. By the time you get to New York, I _ for London. (D; 将来完成时)A. would be leavingB. am leavingC. have already leftD. shall have left 2. While people may refer to television for up-to-the-minute news, it is unlikely that television _ the newspaper completely. (A; 一般将来时)A. will replaceB. have replacedC. replaceD. replaced3. We _ our supper when an old man in shabby clothes came to the door. (C; 过去完成时)A. have just hadB. are havingC. had just hadD. had4. The company _ a rise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet. (B; 现在完成进行时)A. is promisingB. has been promisingC. will promiseD. promised5. They overcame all the difficulties and fulfilled the plan two months ahead of time, which was something we _. (C; 过去完成时)A. didnt expectedB. havent expectedC. hadnt expectedD. wouldnt expected6. You should have put the milk in the ice box; I expect it _ undrinkable by now. (C; 现在完成时)A. becameB. had becomeC. has becomeD. becomes7. I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I _ fully occupied the whole of the week. (D; 一般过去时)A. wereB. had been C. have beenD. was8. The article suggests that when a person _ under unusual stress he should be especially careful to have a well-balanced diet. (A; 一般现在时)A. isB. wereC. be D. was9. Since the turn of the century, the number of Native Americans living in Canada _. (B; 现在完成时)A. is increasedB. has increasedC. is being increasingD. has been increased10. Many years ago, Jim _ in Paris with his uncle for a long period of time. (C; 一般过去时)A. had been livingB. had livedC. livedD. has been living11. After driving for thirty miles, she suddenly realized that she _ in the wrong direction. (C; 过去完成进行时)A. was drivingB. has been drivingC. had been drivingD. drove12. Jack was going out of the shop when he collided with an old woman who _ in.(B; 过去进行时)A. came B. was coming C. had been comingD. had come13. As automation increases, the problems of unemployment will become more serious unless more men and women _ the training necessary for white-collar positions. (B; 一般现在时，部分状语从句中主句将来时，从句一般现在时，表将来)A. have been givenB. are givenC. will be givenD. would be given14. Once deprived of oxygen for more than five to seven minutes, the brain _ subjected to irreversible damage. (B; 一般将来时)A. is B. will beC. would have beenD. were15. He _ come out. Please take a seat here and wait a moment. (A; 一般将来时，be about to表示即将发生的动作)A. is about toB. is going to C. willD. is to16. Mr. Smith will not be able to attend the meeting tonight because _. (B; 将来进行时 )A. he must have a classB. he will be teaching a classC. he teaches a classD. he will have been teaching a class17. It was not until then that I came to know that knowledge _ only from practice. (D; 一般现在时)A. had comeB. has comeC. cameD. comes18. I _ to take a good holiday this year, but I was too busy to get away. (D; 过去完成时)A. hope B. am hoping C. have hopedD. had hoped19. The car _ at the present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain. (C; 将来进行时)A. would goB. wentC. will be goingD. goes20. As a young man he did not know that he _ become famous later on. (D; 过去将来时)A. was toB. shouldC. was going toD. would21. China is no longer what it _ 30 years ago. (C; 一般过去时)A. had beenB. hadC. wasD. will be22. In another 2 months time my brother _ here for six years. (A; 将来完成进行时)A. will have been studyingB. would have been studyingC. had studiedD. would study23. It was expected that the secretary _ all the documents before the meeting began. (C; 过去将来完成时)A. would prepareB. was preparingC. would have preparedD. prepared24. He told me that he _ a seminar on next Friday afternoon. (B; 过去将来进行时)A. will be attendingB. would be attendingC. was attendingD. attended25. Currently some small companies _ the risk of going bankrupt because of financial crisis. (D; 现在进行时)A. will faceB. would faceC. have facedD. are facing26. Richard said he _ for ten years by this winter. (A; 过去将来完成进行时)A. would have been teachingB. will have taughtC. would teachD. taught27. She _ on this essay for twenty minutes but she has written only about a hundred words. (C; 现在完成进行时)A. was workingB. workedC. has been workingD. had worked28. You _ and its getting on my nerves. (C; 现在进行时，always表厌恶、不满情绪)A. will always contradict meB. contradict me alwaysC. are always contradicting meD. contradicted me always29. While she _ a letter the telephone _. (D; 过去进行时+一般过去时)A. wrote/rangB. write/ringC. is writing/ringingD. was writing/rang30. You can join us. We _ a special remedial English course now. (A; 现在进行时)A. are setting upB. have set upC. will setD. sets upPart II：被动语态 (20)1. The gray building is where the workers live, and the white one is where the spare parts _. (B; 被动语态，一般现在时)A. are producingB. are producedC. producedD. being produced2. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, _ and perfected now. (C; 被动语态，现在进行时)A. developedB. have developedC. are being developedD. will have been developed3. Sir Denis, who is 78, has made it known that much of his collection _ to the nation after his death. (D; 被动语态，一般将来时)A. has leftB. is to leaveC. leavesD. is to be left4. The trees looked as if it _ for a long time. (C; 被动语态，过去完成时)A. hasnt wateredB. didnt waterC. hadnt been wateredD. wasnt watered5. The question _ at the next meeting. (B; 被动语态，一般将来时)A. discussedB. is to be discussedC. will discussD. is being discussed6. The question _ at the meeting right now. (D; 被动语态，现在进行时)A. discussedB. is to be discussedC. will discussD. is being discussed7. The second section of the book _ for speaking practice and is always based on a dialogue. (A; 被动语态，and前后时态一致)A. is designedB. designsC. was designedD. will design8. I appreciated _ the opportunity to study abroad 2 years ago. (A; appreciate +ving, 且为被动态 )A. having been givenB. to have givenC. having givenD. to have been given9. Mr. Johnson preferred _ heavier work to do. (A; 动词不定式的被动语态)A. to be givenB. to have givenC. to be givingD. having giving10. Everybody in the building can hear Toms words: “The window _. Please come to help me.” (D; 主动表被动)A. cant be shutB. will be shutC. doesnt shutD. wont shut11. Great as Newton was, many of his ideas _ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time. (C; 被动语态，现在完成时)A. are to challengeB. may be challengedC. have been challengedD. are challenging12. Once environmental damage _, it takes many years for the system to recover. (D; 被动语态，一般现在时 )A. has doneB. is to doC. doesD. is done13. The books _ from the car when we got to the bookstore. (B; 被动语态，过去进行时)A. were just unloadingB. were just being unloadedC. had just unloadedD. had just been unloading14. The two noisy young men who you said should not _ the conference are protesting loudly to the stewards. (A; admit sb. to的被动态)A. be admitted to B. admit toC. have admitted byD. be admitted by15. This test _ to reinforce what you have learnt in the past few weeks. (B; 固定短语: be intended to)A. intends toB. is intended toC. has intendedD. has been intended16. Although the mission was to be kept a secret, it _ to the press. (C; 被动语态，一般过去时)A. revealsB. revealedC. was revealedD. reveal17. Great efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage _. (A; 被动语态，一般将来时，be to do sth.表计划、打算)A. is to be avoidedB. can be avoidedC. will be avoidedD. has been avoided18. I dont remember _ a chance to try this method. (A; remember + doing忘记做过某事，机会是被给予，所以用被动态)A. having been givenB. to have been givenC. having givenD. to have given19. He _ with Prof. Smith at least four times in the past few days. (D; see sb. doing sth. (看见某人正在做某事)的被动态) A. has been seen metB. was seen to meetC. had seen meetingD. has been seen meeting20. If the work _ by the end of the month is delayed, the construction company will be fined. (A; 动词不定式的被动语态，做后置定语)A. to be completedB. will be completedC. has been completedD. being completedPart III：虚拟语气 (25)1. If only we _ a telephone in our office! (B; 与现在事实相反)A. haveB. hadC. will haveD. have had2. I wish I _ more attention to my pronunciation before. (C; 与过去事实相反)A. paidB. payC. had paidD. should pay3. If the United States had not entered the Second World War, probably the unemployment rate _ still further. (C; 与过去情况相反的虚拟)A. would riseB. roseC. would have risenD. had risen4. _, you would have met him. (C; 对过去情况的假设，省略了if的部分倒装 )A. Were you been thereB. Should you been thereC. Had you been thereD. Did you go there5. The chairman requested that the members _ the problem more carefully. (B; 表命令、建议、要求(require, suggest, recommend, order, propose)等动词后宾语从句用should+动词原形的虚拟，should可省略)A. studiedB. studyC. would studyD. must study6. It is imperative that the apparatus(仪器) _ under the appropriate conditions. (A; 特殊句型it is +形容词(imperative/essential/necessary/important/crucial, etc.)+主语从句，主语从句用should+动词原形（should 可省略）)A. be operatedB. is operatedC. will be operatedD. shall be operated7. It is high time we _ the result of the experiment. (B; it is high/about time +从句，表示早该做而未做之事，含建议之意，从句谓语动词用过去式)A. checkB. checkedC. would checkD. will check8. Its a great pity that he _ so careless. (C; 特殊句型it is +a pity/shame+主语从句，主语从句用should+动词原形（should 可省略）)A. wasB. will beC. should beD. were9. Had he bought fifty eggs instead of two dozens yesterday, there _ enough to go round now. (B; 错综时间条件句，本句中从句为过去时间，主句为现在时间，与现在事实相反)A. would have beenB. would beC. will have beenD. will be10. My wife would rather I _ the red curtain. She is not happy with this color. (B; would rather, 表希望或婉转的责备，此句表示对过去情况的希望，用过去完成时形式)A. would not buyB. had not boughtC. dont buyD. will not buy11. If I _ harder at school, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now. (C; 与过去事实相反)A. workedB. were to workC. had workedD. were working12. While crossing the mountain area, all the men carried guns lest they _ by wild animals. (A; lest引导的从句用should+动词原形，should 可省略)A. should be attackedB. had been attackedC. must be attackedD. would be attacked13. Things might have been much worse if the mother _ on her right to keep the baby. (B; 与过去事实相反)A. has been insistingB. had insistedC. would insistD. insisted14. Its essential that these application forms _ back as early as possible. (D; 解释同上面的第6题，此外本句为被动)A. must be sentB. are sentC. will be sentD. be sent15. My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _there. (C; 解释同上面第5题，此句为否定)A. not to goB. hadnt goneC. not goD. wouldnt go16. Its of utmost importance that you _ here on time. (A; 题干相当于it is important that, 解释同上面第6题)A. beB. shall beC. are to beD. must be17. In the past men generally preferred that their wives _ at home. (C; prefer+宾语从句表示要求、宁愿，从句用should+动词原形的虚拟语气，should可省略)A. workedB. would workC. workD. were working18. The suggestion that the mayor _ the prizes was accepted by everyone. (B; 表命令、建议、要求等名词（suggestion, requirement, proposal, recommendation, order）后表语从句或同位语从句中谓语动词用should+动词原形的虚拟，should可省略)A. would presentB. presentC. ought to presentD. presents19. We are all for your proposal that the discussion _. (A; 解释同上面第18题)A. be put offB. should put offC. was put offD. is to put off20. Without computer, we _ the tremendous medical advancement in the last few decades. (D; 对过去情况的虚拟，与过去事实相反)A. would not makeB. will not have madeC. could not makeD. shouldnt have made21. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _ your advice. (C; 与过去事实相反)A. followB. would followC. had followedD. have followed22. The board deem it urgent that these files _ right away. (D; urgent其后的宾语从句谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可省略)A. had to be printedB. should have been printedC. must be printedD. should be printed23. _ you be interested, I have a book on the subject you might like to see. (A; 此句为带虚拟语气的条件状语从句，而且省略了if, 用部分倒装，还原后应为：if you should be interested) A. ShouldB. WouldC. WillD. Shall24. He looks as if he _ ill for a long time. (D; as if引导的表语从句，此处为与过去事实相反)A. wasB. has been C. wereD. had been25. Jean doesnt want to work right away because she thinks that if she _ a job she probably wouldnt be able to see her friends very often. (B; 与将来事实相反，从句用过去式got或者过去将来时were to get)A. has to getB. were to getC. had gotD. could have got Part IV：现在分词和过去分词 (25)1. Professor Wang, _ for his informative lectures, was warmly received by his students. (B; 过去分词，作后置定语)A. knowingB. knownC. to be knownD. having known2. We left the meeting, there obviously _ no point in staying. (B; 独立主格)A. wereB. beingC. to beD. was3. All flights _ because of the terrible weather, they had to go there by train. (A; 独立主格，且为被动)A. having being cancelledB. had been cancelledC. having cancelledD. were cancelled4. The sales usually takes place outside the house, with the audience _ on benches, chairs or boxes. (C; 独立主格，with+名词+分词，表伴随，seat是及物动词，此处只能用被动)A. having seatedB. seatingC. seatedD. having been seated5. The president promised to keep all the board members _ of how the negotiations were going on. (D; keep+名词+分词，此句中分词应为被动态)A. informB. informingC. be informedD. informed6. _ in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarships totaling $21,000. (A; 过去分词（此处强调被动）做原因状语)A. Judged the bestB. Judging the bestC. To be judged the bestD. Having judged the best7. No one had told Smith about _ a lecture the following day. (D; about介词后应跟名词或者名词性短语，there being为非谓语名词形式短语)A. there beB. there would beC. there wasD. there being8. _ with the picture, Mary tore it to pieces. (B; 现在分词短语做原因状语)A. To dissatisfy thoroughlyB. Dissatisfying thoroughlyC. Being thoroughly dissatisfiedD. To be thoroughly dissatisfied9. If the ocean were free of ice, storm paths would move further north, _ the plains of North America of rainfall. (C; 现在分词短语做结果状语)A. to depriveB. depriveC. deprivingD. deprived10. The article opens and closes with descriptions of two news reports, each _ one major point in contrast with the other. (D; 两个小句之间无连接词，因此用非谓语形式)A. makesB. madeC. is to makeD. making11. No matter how frequently _, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences. (A; 前面让步状语从句完整应为：No matter how frequently it is performed)A. performedB. performingC. to be performedD. being performed12. _ of the burden of ice, the balloon climbed up and drifted to the South. (D; 过去分词做时间状语，且为被动)A. To be freeB. FreeingC. To freeD. Freed13. _ how to deal with the trouble of the computer, Martin had to ask his brother for help. (D; 现在分词短语做原因状语)A. Not knowB. Not knownC. Not to knowD. Not knowing14. Its said that the agreement _ between the two companies last month will become effective from May 1st. (B; 过去分词做后置定语)A. to signB. signedC.