中考英语语法疑问专题归纳与练习.doc

中考英语语法专题归纳与练习（12）疑问句第一部分：要点归纳疑问句可分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句四种。一、一般疑问句能够用Yes和No来回答的疑问句叫一般疑问句, 其基本结构是：Be（情态动词、助动词）+主语+名词（数词、形容词、副词等）+？其肯定回答用：Yes, 主语+Be(情态动词、助动词);否定回答用：No, 主语+ Be（情态动词、助动词）与not的缩略形式。一般疑问句的语调用升调，但答语用降调。e.g.-Is he a teacher? 他是一位老师吗？-Yes, he is. 是的，他是。注意：一般疑问句中some 应改为any, already应改为yet.二、选择疑问句用来询问两种或两种以上情况中哪一种是事实的疑问句叫选择疑问句。它由一般疑问句+or+供选择部分？构成。选择疑问句不用yes或no回答，而要根据事实从两者中选一种来回答。or 前面部分读升调，句末读降调，其答语也用降调。选择疑问句结构有两种：1. 以一般疑问句为基础，用 or 来连接一个不同的选择对象。e.g. - Do you like English or Chinese?-I like Chinese.2. 以特殊疑问句为基础，在其后用or 来连接两个或多个不同的选择对象。 e.g. - Which do you like better, milk or water?-I like milk better.三、特殊疑问句特殊疑问句是由“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？”构成的问句。特殊疑问句的回答根据事实直接回答，问句和答句都用降调。e.g. - What is your father?- He is a doctor.常用的特殊疑问词有：who/ whom(问人)， whose(问物主)，what(问物/动作)，where(问地点)， when(问时间), why（问原因）， which (问那一个/哪一些)，how(问程度/健康情况), how old( 问年龄)，how long(问长度)， how often (问频率)， how far（问距离/路程）， how soon（问还要多久）， how many/ much (问数量)。四、反意疑问句反意疑问句指在陈述句后附加一个简短的问句，用来问对方是否同意陈 述句所叙述的事实。反意疑问句由两部分构成：前一部分是陈述句，后一部分是一个疑问尾句。两部分中间用逗号隔开，句末用问号。如果前一部分是肯定形式，后一部分通常用否定形式；如果前一部分是否定形式，后部分通常用肯定形式。对于反意疑问句的回答，要根据事实来回答。不管问题的提法如何，若事实是肯定的，则用yes来回答，事实是否定的，则要用no回答。反意疑问句既可以读升调，也可以读降调。当反意疑问句真正用来提问以获取答案时，一般读升调。当反意疑问句用来表明观点，只是希望对方同意时，常用降调。 e.g 1)-Thats wonderful, isnt it? -Yes, it is./ No, it isnt. 2)- Hans wasnt a scientist, was he? -Ye, he was. / No, he wasnt. 基本用法归纳: 1、反意疑问句中疑问部分一般由两个单词构成，即： be动词、情态动词或助动词+主语代词 2、反意疑问句中陈述部分和疑问部分的人称、动词和时态必须一致。 3、反意疑问句中附加问句动词的否定应用缩略形式。 4、反意疑问句中附加问句的主语应用相应的代词，不能用名词。 （1）当陈述部分是There be或There live等结构时，疑问部分的主语 用there。 e.g. There is a boy over there, isnt there? （2）当陈述部分主语为this, that, something, nothing, anything, everything等时，疑问部分主语用it；当陈述部分主语为these 或those时，疑问部分主语用they；当陈述部分主语为somebody, nobody, anybody, no one, everybody等时，疑问部分主语常用 they 或he， 也可以用he or she。 5、当陈述部分为I am结构时，疑问部分要用arent I。e.g. I am a student, arent I? 6、当陈述部分为肯定祈使句时，疑问部分一般用will you 或wont you, 也可用 can you或would you；当陈述部分为否定祈使句时，疑问部分 一般只能用will you。但是，以Lets开头的祈使句，其反意疑问 部分要用shall we，而以Let us 开头的祈使句仍用will you。 7、当陈述部分为感叹句时，疑问部分一般要用否定形式。e.g. What a nice day, isnt it? 8、当陈述部分带有no, none, nothing, nobody, no one, never, neither, nor, nowhere, few, little(少), seldom, hardly等否定词或半否 定词时，疑问部分要用肯定形式。e.g. You have never been to Beijing before, have you? 注意：带有否定前缀的单词并不算否定词，当陈述部分带有这些词时， 其疑问部分仍用否定形式。e.g.第2/5页 Mr Green is unhappy today, isnt he? 9、当陈述部分为复合句时，疑问部分一般根据主句的主语和谓语形式来 决定。 e.g. I didnt know you were here, did I？ 但是，当陈述部分复合句的主句为I think, I believe, I suppose 等时，疑问部分的主谓语要和宾语从句的主谓语保持一致， 并且要 注意否定转移。 e.g. I believe he will come on time, wont he? 第二部分：专项练习I. 选择填空。( )1What would you like to drink , tea_ coffee ?A. but B. and C. or D. of( )2. - Is your father a boss or a worker?-_ .A. Yes , he is B. No , he isnt C. He is a man D. Hes a boss.( )3.- What would you like to eat , bananas or apples ?- _.A.I wouldnt like B. No one like C. Id like to eat apples D. No , I dont like.( )4_ do you like best , bananas, apples or grapes ?A. Which B. What C. Where D. Who( )5. -You never have bread for breakfast, _you?-No, I only have porridge.A. have B. havent C. do D. dont( )6. -Linda had little money left after she bought the book, _ she?-Yes, she brought a lot of money with her.A. didnt B. did C. hadnt D. does( )7. Few of us hurt in the accident, _?A. did we B. did us C. didnt we D. didnt us( )8. There once lived an old man named Ansaldo, _?A. didnt he B. didnt there C. did he D. did there( )9. John put the book on the desk, _?A. does he B. doesnt he C. didnt he D. did he( )10. You havent paid for the computer, have you?-_. My father will pay for it.A. Yes, I have. B. No, I havent C. Yes, I havent. D. No, I havent have.( )11. Dont make any noise, _?A. wont you B. will you C. cant you D. shall we( )12. We must finish the job on time, _?第3/5页 A. dont we B. mustnt we C. need we D. do we( )13. He said that he wasnt at home last night, _?A. did he B. didnt he C. was he D. wasnt he( )14. Nothing can make him stop working hard, _?A. can it B. cant it C. cant he D. can he( )15. -_ do you watch TV?-Every evening.A. When B. How soon C. How often D. How long( )16. -_ are these books?-Uncle Wangs.A. What B. How C. Who D. Whose( )17. -_ is it from your school to the bus stop?-About 100 metres.A. How long B. How far C. How soon D. How much( )18. -_ are those vegetables?-Three yuan a kilo.A. How many B. How much C. What D. How( )19. -_ have you been here?-Since 1998.A. How long B. When C. How often D. How soon( )20. -_ and _ did you buy the dictionary?- At eight in a bookshop.A. When, where B. When, what C. What, where D. How, what II. 按要求改写句子1. （对划线部分提问）_ _ Jack _ in maths?2. I want some salt. (改为一般疑问句)_ you _ _ salt?3. This is an unusual accident, _ _?(完成反意疑问句)4. I would like to eat pizza rather than hamburger . (改为选择疑问句，并作回