考点二 情态动词 中考考点.doc

考点三 情态动词情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，表示“可能”、“应当”、“必要”等含义，但其本身词义不完全，不能独立作谓语，必须和动词原形连用。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。其否定形式一般是在情态动词后加not (have to除外)，其疑问形式是将情态动词提至主语前。情态动词数量不多，但用途广泛，初中考点主要有：can(could), may(might), must, need, shall(should), will(would)。情态动词的特征：1. 情态动词本身有词义但不能单独作谓语，情态动词+行为动词原形 一起构成谓语。2. 情态动词不受主语的人称和数的限制，不随人称和数的改变。3. 情态动词后可直接+not 构成否定，可放于句首构成一般疑问。1can和could的用法can(could)表示“能力”、 I can play the guitar. “许可”you can go now. “可能性”Lucy may be here.等。could 为 can 的过去式。表示请求时，could比can更婉转（属于现在时态范围）。如：Can I use your bike？我可以用你的自行车吗？ 注意 can 和could 只能用于现在时和过去时两种时态，将来时中用 be able to，be able to 所用的时态比can、 could广。另外 cant 可表示否定推测“不可能”。如：That _ be Mr Wang. He has gone to Beijing. 那肯定不是王老师，他已经去北京了。2may和might的用法may(might)意为“可以”，表示说话人同意、许可或请求对方许可May I use your pen?，也可表示祝愿。 May god bless you! may表允许用于肯定句中 You may go now. may的否定式为 may not。 might 是may 的过去式，有两种用法：一种表示过去式；一种表示虚拟语气，使语气更加委婉、客气，或表示可能性更小。如：_ I use your pen? 我可以用你的钢笔吗？You may put on more clothes. 你可以多穿衣服。 May you be happy.祝你开心。Might I borrow some money now?我现在可以借点钱吗？ He might be alive. 他可能还活着。May 和might 表推测，比较小的不太有把握的推测。用于肯定句中。He may come tomorrow, but Im not sure.注意：may构成的一般疑问句避免用yes，you may.以免显得不客气。May I go now? _ Yes, please./ Please dont. / 否定No, you cant.3must的用法must 意为“必须，应该，一定，准是”，表示说话人认为有必要做某事，命令、要求别人做某事以及对事物的推测。must 用于一般现在时和一般将来时，过去式可用 have to 的过去式代替。如：I _ finish my work today.我今天必须完成我的工作。否定式mustnt表“严禁、禁止 ”含义。You mustnt drive after drinking.你绝不能酒后驾车。(1)must 和 have to 的区别： must 表示说话人的主观意愿；have to 表示客观需要have to 的否定形式和疑问式要借助助动词do。如：I must do my homework first.我必须首先做家庭作业。It is raining hard outside; I _ stay at home.外面雨下得很大，我不得不待在家里。(2)回答must 的提问肯定回答：Yes，must.如：Must I go home now? Yes, you must.“我必须现在回家吗？” “是的，你必须。”否定回答：No，neednt./No，dont/doesnt have to.如：Must I go home now？ No, you _.“我必须现在回家吗？” “不，没必要。”(3)must 可以表示肯定推测，意为“一定”。比may 的可能性大如：The man must be our teacher.那个人一定是我们的老师。4need的用法(1)need 表示“需要，必须”。主要用于否定句和疑问句中，否定形式为neednt，表示“没有必要，不必”；need 提问时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用 neednt。如：Need we do some cleaning now? “我们必须现在大扫除吗？”Yes, you must. “是的，你们必须。” No, you neednt. “不，你们不必。”(2)need 还可当做实义动词使用，这时常用结构为need sth/ need to do sth。常用于肯定句中。否定形式和疑问式要借助助动词do的形式。如：I need to learn more. 我需要学习更多。 5shall和should的用法shall 用于第一人称的句子中表示提建议或请求；(建议和请求为考点) should用于各种人称的句子中强调义务或责任“应该”。如：_ we go out for a walk? 我们出去散步好吗？(建议)You should study hard at school. 你们在学校应该努力学习。(劝告)6will和would的用法Will情态动词，用于第二人称疑问句时，表示征求意见或提建议。助动词 构成一般将来时。would 为 will 的过去式，可用于多种人称，表示意愿。如：Will you have a little soup?你要不要喝点汤？would you like sth/to do sth?提出建议与请求。此外还有情态动词：had better, ought to , have to等等。归纳 情态动词表推测的用法(1)肯定句中一般用must(一定)，may(可能)，might/could(也许，或许)，其中must表推测的语气最强，其余依次渐弱。如：The book must be hers. Her name is on it.这本书一定是她的，她的名字在上面。He must be running.他一定是在跑步。They may know the way to the library.他们可能知道去图书馆的路。(2)否定句中一般用cant/couldnt(不可能)。如：That man cant be Mr Li because he has gone to London.那个人不可能是李老师，因为他去伦敦了。(3)疑问句中用can/could(能)。如：Can the red sweater be Toms?No, it cant. He cant stand red.“这件红毛衣会是吉姆的吗？”“不，不可能。他不能忍受红色。”注意 might, could并不是may, can的过去式，而是表示语气较委婉或可能性较小。情态动词+一般现在时/do 表示对现在发生的事情的推测。如：Whose book is this? It must belong to Lucy. 它一定属于露西的。情态动词+进行时/be doing 表示对现在正在发生的事情的推测。如：He must be sleeping now.现在他一定正在睡觉。情态动词+完成时 have done表示对已经（过去）发生的事情的推测。如：Our classroom is very clean. It must have been cleaned yesterday.昨天它一定被打扫了。（ ）1. We _ use mobile phone when the plane take off.A. may not B. shouldnt C. neednt D. mustnt（ ）2. -Excuse me. Can you tell me what time it is now?-Sorry, I _. My watch doesnt work.A. cant B. may not C. mustnt D. neednt（ ）3. Is that Kates car? It _ be hers. She has just gone for a meeting. A. cant B. should C. mustnt D. may（ ）4. Lets go climbing, shall we? You _ be joking! Dont you know Im afraid of high places? A. may B. can C. must D. should（ ）5. We _ pay to get into the concert. Its free. A. cant B. mustnt C. might not D. dont have to（ ）6. Look at the “No parking” sign. You _park your car here.A. should B. must C. neednt D. mustnt（ ）7. _ you come with me to Lang Langs piano concert this evening? Id love to, but I have to study for my math test.A. Should B. May C. Must D. Can （ ）8，We _ be more careful, or we will make the same mistake in the experiment.A. might B. can C. may D. should（ ）9. Must I come at 6: 30 tomorrow morning?No, you neednt. You_ come one hour later.A. can B. need C. should D. must（ ）10. Must we clean the room at once? No. you . You can do it after school.A. mustnt B. needntC. cant（ ）11. What are you doing this weekend? Im not sure, but I _ go to the museum. A. might B. must C. need . D. should( )12. 一Excuse me, may I keep the book a little longer? 一Sorry. You_ return it today. A. must B. mustnt C. can D. cant ( )13. Id like a pet, but I am busy all day.Goldfish are a good choice, You _ feed them every day.Amustnt Bcant Cshouldnt Dneednt( )14. May I take this magazine out of the reading room? No, you _ . You read in here.A. mightnt B. wont C. neednt D. mustnt( )15. _ I know by what time you want the project to be done?By the day after tomorrow. _ you finish it on lime?A. May; Can B. Must; need C. Could; Must D. Need; Would( )16. （2014湖南长沙）30.Whos singing in the garden? It_ be Mr. Brown .He always practices singing at this time.A.must B. cant C. need( )17. 一Whose is the dictionary? 一It_ be Alices. Look at her name on the cover.A. must B. can C. may( )18. 27. Finish your homework first，then youll surf the Internet for half an hour.A. can B. need C. be able to D. may( )19. There a girl singing next door. Cant you hear her beautiful voice?A. must be B. must have C. cant be D. cant have( )20. - I forgot to bring my dictionary. Could I use yours? - Yes, you _ .A. canB. mustC. couldD. should( )21. 4. Life gets easier with the Internet.Thats true! Almost everything_ be done online.A. can B. need C. must D. should( )22. Are you interested in shopping online?Not so much. We_see real products but pictures.A. shouldntB. cantC. mustntD. neednt( )23. Bob, Where is Linda?-She _ be in the library. But I am not sure.A. must B. may C. need D. has to( )24. Lingling，can I use your dictionary? Sure. But you _ return it after class. A. must B. can C. may D. would( )25. People _wait until the traffic light becomes green. Thats the traffic rule. A. must B. can C. need D. may ( )26. Lisa, hurry up! The bus is coming.Oh, no. We _ cross the street until the traffic lights turn green.A. mustnt B. neednt C. should ( )27. 30. The man is feeling much better now, so you _ call a doctor.A. neednt B. cant C. mustnt D. shouldnt( )28. If you smoke, please go outside. A. can B. may C. must D. might( )29. Could you please have a walk with me? Sorry, I _. I have something important to do now. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. may not ( )30. Here is my phone number. You _ call me any time you like.A. must B. can C. should D. need( )31. _you leave now? You only arrived here an hour ago.一Sorry, but so much homework is waiting for me.A. MayB. MustC. CanD. Might( )32. Children _ sit in the front seat of a car. Its too dangerous.A. need B. neednt C. must D .mustnt( )33.May I play computer games now, Mom?No. You finish your homework first.A. mustB. canC. couldD. may( )34. How many English words do you think I should know?As many as you _. Then you will find reading quite easy.A. will B. must C. can D. might( )35. A country has dreams. We teenagers _ also have dreams. With dreams and hard work, anything amazing can be created. A. may B. must C. should ( )36. You mustnt go off on your own, because you_get lost in the mountains.A. should B. must C. need D. might( )37. Honey, stay home before I return. I _, mum. A. must B. can C. will D. should ( )38. Shall I take my swimming suit?No, you . We will just go hiking in the mountain.A. mustntB. couldntC. needntD. cant( )39._ I see your ID card, sir? We have to check your information. A. May B. Must C. Should D. NeedFinish your homework first, then youll _ watch TV for an hour. A. can B. be able to C. able D could( )40. I cant stop playing computer games.For your eyes, my boy, Im afraid you _.A. canB. mayC. have to( )41. -_ I finish the homework this afternoon. -No, you neednt. It _ before Friday. A. Can; can finish B. Must; must finish C. Must; can be finished D. Can; must be finished( )42. You had better _wine because you have to drive back home.A. not drink B. dont drink C. not to drink( )43. Mom, _ I hang out with my friends now?Sure, but you _ clean up your bedroom first.A. can, need B. may, have to C. must, need D. need, must( )44. Look! The man at the gate _ be our teacher. He is always standing there every morning. No