脊神经 中山大学 解剖学.pdf

Spinal Nerves 雷万龙雷万龙雷万龙雷万龙 Wanlong LEI The Dept of Anatomy Zhongshan Medical College Sun Yat sen University Spinal cord Brain Central nervous system CNS Peripheral nervous system PNS Spinal n Cranial n Pia mater Dura mater Posterior root Posterior rootlets Anterior root Spinal ganglion Denticulate lig Arachnoid mater Posterior ramus Anterior ramus Dural root sleeve Spinal nerve Segments of spinal cord and spinal nervous roots Dorsal root Ventral root Dorsal root ganglion Spinal n Dorsal ramus Ventral ramus Rootlets Sympathetic rami Ganglion of sympathelic chain Roots of splanchnic n Spinal cord and spinal n roots Cervical enlargement Lumbosacral enlargement Spinalganglion Cauda equina Pedicles of vertebrae Cervical n 8 Thoracic n 12 Lumbar n 5 Sacral 5 and coccygeal n 1 8 Cervical 12 Thoracic 5 Lumbar 5 Sacral 1 Coccygeal Anterior gray horn Anterior nerve root Posterior nerve root Spinal nerve Anterior n root Posterior n root Posterior root ganglion Spinal n Somas Satellite cells A fiber C fiber Stem axon Spinal cord Spinal nerve Paravertebral sympathetic trunk Spinal cord Spinal nerve Sympathetic trunk Thoracic sympathetic gangloin Gray ramus communican White ramus communican Spinal nerves with visceral nerves Rootlets Spinal nerve Posterior ramus White substance Anterior ramus Spinal ganglion Posterior ramus Anterior and posterior roots Gray substance Anterior ramus Sympathetic ganglion Sympathetic ganglion Gray and white ramus communicans Posterior ramus Anterior ramus Posterior root Anterior root Spinal ganglion Spinal nerve Somatic sensory n ending in skin Somatic motor n Effector Posterior rootlets Anterior rootlets Somatic sensory n ending in skin Somatic motor n Effector Brachial plexusVagus n Phrenic nerve Superior cervical ganglion Inferior cervical ganglion Middle cervical ganglion Sympathetic trunk Subclavian a Subclavian v Cervical plexus and its branches C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 Cutaneous nerves of cervical plexus Lesser occipital n 枕小神经枕小神经枕小神经枕小神经 Great auricular n 耳大神经耳大神经耳大神经耳大神经 Supraclavicular n 锁骨上神经锁骨上神经锁骨上神经锁骨上神经 Transverse cervical n 颈横神经颈横神经颈横神经颈横神经 Nerve point of neck 颈皮神经点颈皮神经点颈皮神经点颈皮神经点 Sternocleidomastoid m Clavicle Trapezius Accessory n Investing layer of deep cervical fascia Lesser occipital n 枕小神经枕小神经枕小神经枕小神经 Great auricular n 耳大神经耳大神经耳大神经耳大神经 Supraclavicular n 锁骨上神经锁骨上神经锁骨上神经锁骨上神经 Transverse cervical n 颈横神经颈横神经颈横神经颈横神经 Accessory n 副神经副神经副神经副神经 Phrenic n 膈神经膈神经膈神经膈神经 Brachial plexus颈丛颈丛颈丛颈丛 Great occipital n 枕大神经枕大神经枕大神经枕大神经 Nerves to levator scapulae Dorsal scapulae n upper medial posterior middle lateral lower 5 ventral rami 3 trunks 3 anterior divisions 3 posterior divisions 3 cords 5 peripheral n Ulnar n Median n Radial n Axillary n Musculo cutaneous n The formation and branches of brachial plexus Brachial plexus Supraclavicular br Infraclavicular br Ulnar n a Circunflex humeral a Triangular space Thoracodorsal n to latissimus dorsi Humeromuscular tunnel Radial n Radial n Radial n Biceps brachii Musculocutaneous n Lateral cutaneous n of forearm Musculo cutaneous n Ulnar n and Median n Medial n Ulnar n Common interosseous a Ulnar a Radial a n Radial a Anterior interosseous a n The forearm the deep structures of anterior region lateral antebrachial cutaneous n Brachioradialis Radial nerve deep and superficial Ulnar a n Flexor digitorum profundus Supinator Flexor pollicis longus Superficial palmar branch of radial a Recurrent br of median n Deep branch of ulnar a n Superficial branch of ulnar a n Deep palmar arch Brachial a Medial epicondyle Median nerve Medial cutaneous n of arm Medial cutaneous n of forearm Intercosto brachial n Palmar cutaneous br of ulnar n Ulnar n Lateral cutaneous n of forearm Posterior cutaneous n of forearm Inferior lateral cutaneous n of arm Superior lateral cutaneous n of arm Medial n Superior lateral cutaneous n of arm Inferior lateral cutaneous n of arm Posterior cutaneous n of forearm Lateral cutaneous n of forearm Superficial br of radial n Intercosto brachial n Medial cutaneous n of arm Medial cutaneous n of forearm Dosal cutaneous br of ulnar n Posterior viewAnterior view Medial n Superficial fascia Cutaneous n of upper limb Common palmar digital n The nerves of palm and fingers Lateral 2 lumbrical m Palmar br of median n Recurrent br of median n Flexor pollicis brevis Abductor pollicis brevis Palmar br of median n Palmar view Digital n Median n Medial n Deep br of ulnar n Superficial br of ulnar n Medial 2 lumbrical m Palmar br of ulnar n Dorsal br of ulnar n Area of distribution of superficial br of ulnar n Ulnar n Ulnar a Palmar view Ulnar n Superficial br of radial n Anatomical anuffbox Palmar view Dorsal view Radial n Ulnar n Ulnar n Ulnar n Median n injury Medial n Ulnar n Dorsal root Ventral root Dorsal root ganglion Spinal cord Dorsal ramus Ventral ramus Rootlets Sympathetic ramus Splanchnic n Sympathetic Ganglion Thoracic nerves Intercostal nerves Lateral cutaneous branch Anterior primary ramus Anterior cutaneous branch Posterior primary ramus Sympathetic trunk Parietal pleura Anterior cutaneous artery Lateral cutaneous artery Posterior br of posterior intercostal a Posterior intercostal a Anterior perforating branch Internal thoracic a Transversus thoracis External intercostal membrane Internal intercostal membrane External intercostal Internal intercostal Innermost intercostal Membrane Aorta Intercostal n Xiphoid process Costal margin Umbilicus Anterior superior iliac spine Inguinal lig Pubic tubercles Supraclavicular n The segmental distribution of intercostal n Nipple Clavicle Subcoetal n Iliohypogastric n Ilio inguinal n Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh Femoral n Genitofemoral n Obturator n Obturator n Femoral n Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh Genitofemoral n Subcoetal n Iliohypogastric n Ilio inguinal n Psoas major m Iliacus m Lumbosacral trunks To iliacus muscle Iliohypogastric n Ilio inguinal n Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh Femoral n Genitofemoral n Obturator n Lumbosacral trunks Iliohypogastric n 2 Lumbosacral trunk Pectineal line Pectineus Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Pectineal m Gracilis m Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Cutaneous br Posterior br Anterior br Obturator n Obturator external m Posterior br Iliopsoas L1 anterior ramus Perforating cutaneous n Ilio inguinal n Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh Femoral n Sacrotuberous lig Obturator n Inguinal lig Sciatic n Nerves to guadratus femoris and obturator internus Superior gluteal n Lumbosacral trunks Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh L2 anterior ramus L3 anterior ramus Femoral branch of genitofemoral n Sacrospinous lig Inferior gluteal n Sacral plexus and its branches Internal External IschiocavernosusBulbospongiosus Crus of penis Bulb of urethra Inferior rectal a n Internal pudendal a v pudendal n Perineal a n Posterior scrotal n Superior gluteal artery nerve Internal pudendal a Perforating a Suprapiriform foramen Infrapiriform foramen Posterior cutaneous n of thigh Lesser sciatic foramen Greater sciatic foramen Superior and Inferior gluteal n Pudendal n Superior gluteal n Inferior gluteal n Piriformis m Tensor gascia lata m Iliotibial tract Gluteus maximus Sciatic n Posterior cutaneous n of thigh Perforating cutaneous n n to obturator internus Sciatic n Suprapiriform foramen Infrapiriform foramen Sciatic nerve Upper lateral quadrant Lower lateral quadrant Upper medial quadrant Lower medial quadrant Vertical line Safe injection site Highest point on iliac crest Horizontal line Ischial tuberosity Gluteal fold Long head of biceps femoris Shout head of biceps femoris Semimembranosus Tibial n Superior gluteal a n Gluteus medius Piriformis Adductor magnus Common fibular n Superior gemellus Inferior gemellus Obturator nternal Sciatic n Deep a of thigh Inferior gluteal a n Internal pudendal a Pudendal n Sacrotuberous lig Popliteal a Popliteal v 1st perforating a 2nd perforating a 3rd perforating a 4th perforating a Lateral sural n Sural n Sural communicating n Common fibular n Penetrates deep fascia Lateral sural n Medial sural n Sciatic n Tibial n Common fibular n Popliteal a Superior lateral genicular a Inferior lateral genicular a Superior medial genicular a Inferior medial genicular a Popliteus Soleus Anterior tibial artery Posterior tibial artery Posterior tibial artery Fibular a Lateral malleolus Medial malleolus Arcuate a Common fibular n Extensor digitorum longus Fibularis longus Deep fib