名词性从句优秀PPT课件.pptx

Welcometoourclass Grammarandusage NounClauses名词性从句 1 名词性从句相当于名词 可分别作主句的主语 表语 宾语和同位语 因此 名词性从句可分为主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句和同位语从句 2 1 Whenwewillstartisnotclear 2 Shewon tbelievethathersonhasbecomeathief 3 Myideaisthatweshoulddoitrightnow 4 Ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 I名词性从句的种类 3 主语从句一般有三种结构 1 主语从句 谓语 Thatshewillwinthematchiscertain 2 It be 形容词 名词词组 过去分词 that从句 ItisimportantthatweteensshouldlearnEnglish Itisgoodnewsthathewillattendthemeetingonbehalfofourschool Itissaidthatourschoolwillholdasportsmeeting 3 It seem happen appear等不及物动词 that从句 ItseemsthatKatyisnotcomingtothisparty 4 宾语从句的结构 主句 连接词 引导词 宾语从句 在句子中起宾语作用的句子叫宾语从句 宾语从句放在及物动词或介词之后作宾语 Idon tknowwhyheisalwayslateforschool Weallagreewithwhatyousaidatthemeeting 宾语从句 5 表语从句表语从句位于连系动词后 有时用asif引导 其基本结构为 主语 系动词 that从句 1 be look remain 等系动词后均可跟表语从句 Mysuggestionisthatweshouldgoshopping 2 asif也可引导表语从句 Itlooksasifit sgoingtorain 3 thereasonwhy isthat 和Itisbecause 等结构 ItwasbecauseIgotuplate 6 同位语从句同位语从句在句中作同位语 它一般要放在主句中某些名词的后面 说明这些名词的含义 可跟同位语从句的名词主要有 fact news promise reason idea hope word belief等 Beijing thecapitalofChina ismyhometown Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon Wewerehappytohearthenewsthatwasannouncedbyourboss 定语从句 同位语从句 同位语短语 7 1 2008山东 wasmostimportanttoherwasherfamily A itB thisC WhatD as2 2009北京 31 Atfirsthehatedthenewjobbutdecidedtogivehimselfafewmonthstosee itgotanybetter A WhenB howC whyD if3 2006全国I 23 Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding Thatwas wedidthismorning A WhenB whichC whereD what4 2009浙江 12 Isthereanypossibility youcouldpickmeupattheairport Noproblem A WhenB thatC whetherD what 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 8 I 名词性从句的引导词 连接词 that if whether 无意义 2 连接代词 who whom whose what which 3 连接副词 when where why how 是否 作主 宾 表 9 注意 区别if与whether 1 Idon tknow I llbefreetomorrow 2 Idon tknow ornotI llbefreetomorrow 3 Thequestionis thisbookisworthwriting whether if whether whether 10 5 Itdependson wewillhaveenoughmoney 6 theycandoitmatterslittletous 7 youarenotfreetomorrow I llgowithoutyou whether Whether If 11 请你归纳 a 主语从句并在句首b 表语从句c 同位语从句e 介词后的宾语从句f 直接加动词不定式只能用whether todo gwhetherornot直接连用时不用if 只能使用whether的情况 请你归纳 If表 是否 常用于动词后的宾语从句 12 1 the2000OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet A WheneverB IfC WhetherD That2 we llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather A IfB WhetherC ThatD Where 高考题选萃 that表肯定意义whether表疑问 Thereisnodoubt hewillwinthefirstplace that 13 that与what的区别 Whathesaidmakesmehappy Thatanewteacherwillcomeistrue that只起连接作用 无意义 在从句中不充当任何成分 且在宾语从句中有时可省 动词后 what既起连接作用 又在从句中作主语 宾语 表语 且在名词性从句中只有what可作表语 3 14 1 hesaidsomadeusangry hesaidatthemeetingmadeusangry 2 Acomputercanonlydo youhaveinstructedittodo 01全国 3 中国不再是过去的样子了 4 Amoderncityhasbeensetupin wasawastelandtenyearsago 04天津 A whatB whichC thatD where That What Chinaisnolonger itusedtobe what what 15 1 Thathewillsucceediscertain 2 Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown 3 Whathesaidisnottrue 4 Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout 5 Whoevercomesiswelcome SubjectClause 主语从句 请思考 16 注意点 1 主语从句一律用陈述句语序 即主语在前 谓语在后 例 误 Whenwillhecomeisnotknown 2 连接词that在从句中无实际意义 但不能省略 例 误 Hewillnotcometothemeetingthiseveningistrue 正 Whenhewillcomeisnotknown 正 Thathewillnotcometothemeetingthiseveningistrue 除了动词后的宾从 17 3 whoever whatever whichever等词可以引导主语从句 但nomatterwho nomatterwhat等不能 Whoeverbreakstheschoolrulesmustbepunished 试比较 Whoeverbreakstheschoolsrules hemustbepunished Nomatterwhobreakstheschoolrules hemustbepunished 让步状语从句 主语从句 18 1 wassaidheremustbekeptsecret 2 weneedismoretime 3 hastakenawaymybagisunknown 4 breaksthelawwillbepunished Whatever What Who Whoever Anyonewho 19 1 他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾 isapity 2 他来不来不重要 doesn tmatter Itdoesn tmatterwhether Thathemadesuchamistake Itisapitythat 考点 it作形式主语 主从 形式宾语 宾从 it作形式主语 Whetherhewillcomeornot 20 Itisreported thought said predictedthat Itisclear necessary certainthat Itisapity ashame anhonorthat Itdoesn tmatterwhether Itseems appearsthat Ithappensthat Canyouunderstandthem 21 1 hewantsisabook 2 hewantstogothereisobvious 3 Theresultis wewonthegame 4 Thisis wewanttoknow 5 Is hetoldustrue 6 Weshouldpayattentionto theteacherissaying 7 Ihavenodoubt hewillcome 8 Ihavenoidea hedidthatafternoon What That that what what what that what 22 1 2008浙江 wanttostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway A anyoneB theoneC whoeverD who2 hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent 93 A whatB thatC thefactD thematter3 2006浙江 isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger moreprosperouseconomy A AsB ThatC thisD It 挑战高考 23 1 Iwondered youweresoangry 2 Italldependson theywillsupportus 3 Ican timagine madehimactlikethat 4 I mdelighted Ihavepassedtheexam 5 Ifinditnecessary weshoulddothehomework 用适当的连接词填空 why whether what that that 宾语从句 请思考 24 二 宾语从句 1 宾语从句的引导词 宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句的连接词相同 2 注意点 1 宾语从句一律用陈述句的语序 2 引导宾语从句的连词that也无实际意义 多数情况下可以省略 3 whether和if都可以引导宾语从句但 1 当whether后紧跟ornot时 不用if例 Idon tknow Iwillstayornot 2 介词后面的宾语从句不能用if例 Iworryabout Ihurtherfeeling whether whether 25 4 that在宾语从句中的省略与保留 1 在主 谓 it 形式宾语 宾补 that从句 真正宾语 的句型中不省略 例 Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay 2 由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中 that不省略 例 Hetoldmethathewouldcomeandthathewouldcomeontime 26 it指代后面从句所叙述的内容 常用like dislike love hate appreciate make it if或when从句 5 it作形式宾语 make find feel consider thinkit adj n that todo Ihateitwhenpeoplelaughatthedisabled 27 1 I vegottomakeclearthathetoldalie Ilike intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright 2004 A thisB thatC itD one3 他发现很难使别人理解他 Hefound it itdifficulttomakehimselfunderstood it 28 1 2005山东 26 Theshopkeeperdidn twanttosellfor hethoughtwasnotenough A whereB HowC whatD which2 2006全国I 16 whatdidyourparentsthinkaboutyourdecision Theyalwaysletmedo IthinkIshould A whenB thatC howD what 挑战高考 29 Translation 问题是我们是否可以信任他 我建议买台大电脑 她看起来要哭了 Thequestionis Mysuggestionis Helooked 表语从句 whetherwecanrelyonhim asifhewasgoingtocry thatwe should buyabigcomputer 请思考 30 2 注意点 1 表语从句一律用陈述句的语序 2 表语从句的引导词that无实际意义 但不能省略 3 表语从句只能用whether 而不能用if引导 4 不要使用Thereason isbecausethat 句型 应使用Thereason isthat 或This it that isbecause 等句型 例如 今天早上他迟到的原因是因为路上行人太多 误 Thereasonwhyhewaslatethismorningisbecausethattherewasalotoftrafficontheroad 正 Thereasonwhyhewaslatethismorningisthattherewasalotoftrafficontheroad 或 Hewaslatethismorning Thatwasbecausetherewasalotoftrafficontheroad 31 1 2009江西 33 Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears A whatB whichC thoughD that2 2009辽宁 29 Doyouhaveanyidea isactuallygoingonintheclassroom A thatB whatC asD which 真题荟萃 32 同位语从句 1 Thefactthathewaskilledmadeussurprised 2 Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback 3 Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon 4 Canyoufindtheanswertothequestionwhatwaswrongwiththecomputer 5 Hemadeasuggestionthatwe should readsomeoriginalEnglishliteratureworks 33 1 同位语从句的引导词 that whether how when where why等引导 that引导的同位语从句前面的名词常见的有 idea fact news belief thought doubt suggestion proof message order conclusion desire theory truth word等 2 同位语从句和定语从句的区别 如果that作从句中的某一成分 则是定语从句 如果that不作从句中的任何成分 则是同位语从句 例 1 Ihadnoideathatitwassolate 主系表结构 that不作从句中的成分 同位语从句 2 Istillremembertheplacethatwevisitedlastyear 主谓宾结构 that作从句中的宾语 定语从句 34 同位语从句的简易判断方法 我们可以在名词和从句之间加be 使之构成一个新句子 如果合乎逻辑 句子通顺 则是同位语从句 定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的 eg Thebeliefthattheearthisflatisstillheldinsomecountries Thebeliefisthattheearthisflat 35 1 ThefactthatGreatBritainismadeupofthreecountriesisstillunknowntomany 判断 定语从句 AT 同位语从句 AP 2 Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportiscoming 3 Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering 4 Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed 5 WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaagain AP AT AP AT AP 36 注意问题 语序 1 Thephotographswillshowyou MET89 A whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB whatourvillagelookslikeC howdoesourvillagelooklikeD howourvillagelookslike 从句一定用陈述语序 37 1 09四川8 Newscamefromtheschooloffice XiaoLinhadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity A whichB whatC thatD where2 09天津9 Itisobvioustothestudents theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture A asB whichC whetherD that3 06上海 Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitaris itcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure A howB whyC thatD when 高考链接 同位语从句 主语从句 表语从句 38 4 上海01年春季 Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon A whenB howCwhetherD why5 2006江苏 Wehaven tsettledthequestionof itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad AifBwhereCwhetherDthat6 96NMET we llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather A IfB WhetherC ThatD Where 表语从句 宾语从句 主语从句 39 7 2000NMET shecouldn tunderstandwas fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons A that whatB what whyC what becauseD why that8 09湖南 Sheisverydeartous Wehavebeenpreparedtodoittakestosaveherlife A whicheverB howeverCwhateverD whoever9 09海南 CouldIspeaktoisinchargeofInternationalSalesplease A whoB whatC whoeverD whatever 主语从句 宾语从句 宾语从句 40 10 96NMET wecan tgetseemsbetterthan wehave A what whatB what thatC that thatD that what11 07全国卷II mattersmostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice A whatB whyC whereD which12 08天津卷 Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas wewerevisitingtheWaterPark A whereB howC whenD why 主语从句 主语从句 表语从句 41 考点 42 名词性从句在句中要用 语序 从句的引导词必须始终置于 考点1 语序问题 1 Noonecanbesure inamillionyears whatwillmanlooklikeB whatmanwilllooklikeC manwilllooklikewhatD whatlookwillmanlike 陈述 总结归纳 2 Youcan timagine whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents A howtheywereexcitedB howexcitedtheywereC howexcitedweretheyD theywerehowexcited 句首 43 考点2 时态问题 2 Ourphysicsteacheroncetoldusthatlight travel fasterthansound travels 总结归纳 3 主句的动词用一般现在时 从句谓语可根据需要选用各种时态 1 Hesaidthathewillgotothestation 3 TomsaysthatMary go abroadlastyearand be therefornearly5months 1 主句的动词用过去时 从句谓语动词用过去的某种时态 2 主句的动词用过去时 从句表示客观事实 格言 谚语等 从句谓语动词用一般现在时 went hasbeen would 44 考点3主谓一致问题 何时开会还没有决定 Whenthemeetingwillbegin have notbeendecidedyet 他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定 Whenthepersonwasmurderedandwhyhewasmurdered is are stillunknown 单个的主语从句作主语时 谓语动词一般用 形式 如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语 谓语动词则用 形式 由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句 谓语动词用 形式 总结归纳 单数 复数 has Whentheywillstartandwheretheywillgo have stillunknown 何时何地开会还没有决定 Whenandwherethemeetingwillbegin have notbeendecidedyet have has 单数 45 基本句型 Itis 形容词 名词 过去分词 that should doa Itisimportant necessary natural strange advisableetc thatb Itisapity ashame nowonderetc thatc Itissuggested ordered proposed required demanded requested insistedetc that 1 Itisorderedthathe theexamination A takesB hastotakeC musttakeD take2 Itisstrangethathe youthis A wouldtellB shouldtellC hadtoldD hastold 考点4虚拟语气a 主语从句中的虚拟语气 总结归纳 46 Wesuggestedthatthemeeting A shouldputoffB beputoffC wasputoffD puttingoff 总结归纳 表示建议 要求 命令 坚持等动词suggest advise propose demand require insist request command order后的从句谓语动词用 注意suggest当表示 暗示 表明 讲时 insist表示 坚持认为 之意时 从句按需要来选择时态 should do bedone Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathe was be is satisfiedwithourwork was 考点4虚拟语气b 宾语从句中的虚拟语气 47 a IwishI know theanswernow b Iwishhe pass theexamyesterday c IwishI fly tothemooninafewyears 对现在虚拟时 that从句中谓语用过去时 对过去虚拟时 用had 过去分词 对将来虚拟时 用would might等 动词原形 knew hadpassed wouldfly 总结归纳 考点4虚拟语气b 宾语从句中的虚拟语气 48 在suggestion proposal idea plan order advice等名词后面的表语从句 同位语从句中要用虚拟语气 即 Hissuggestionthatyou oncemoresoundsreasonable A tryB triesC musttryD cantry2 Theordergivenbythecommanderwasthatthey untilthecommanderallowedtheyto A stoppedB didn tstopC stopD notstop 考点4虚拟语气c 表语和同位语从句中的虚拟语气 总结归纳 should do bedone 49 1 Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks 2 Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting 3 09天津 Itisobvioustothestudentswhethertheyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture 4 Itdoesn tmatterthatyouwillcomeornot it It that whether 找出下列句子中的错误 总结归纳 当主语从句较长 而谓语较短时 常常将从句 而用it作为形式主语置于句首 it也可作形式宾语 后置 考点5it作形式主语和形式宾语 50 1 isknowntousallthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing 福建2008 A ItB WhatC AsD Which2 Hedidn tmake clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld 07年天津卷 A thisB thatC itD these Exercises isknowntousall the2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing 51 what表什么 无选择范围 which表选择 哪一个 有选择范围 1 Doyouknow MissZhu saddressis ShemayliveatNo 3orNo 4ofXianxingroad I mnotsureof 2 Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother doesitmatter itwas 01北京春季 what which which 考点6连接词a what which 52 考点6连接词 总结归纳 等同类词既可以引导名词性从句 也可以引导让步状语从句 而 等只能引导让步状语从句 whatever Nomatterwhat yougoand youdo I llberightherewaitingforyou wherever whatever Nomatterwhere nomatterwhat 离开房间的任何人应该把灯关掉 oughttoturnoffthelight 他所有的任何东西都被日本士兵站占领了 wasseizedbytheJapanesesoldiers Whoeverleavestheroomlast Whateverhehad b whatever whoever 无论 不管 however whomever whichever 53 1 09湖南 2 Sheisverydeartous Wehavebeenpreparedtodo ittakestosaveherlife A whicheverB howeverC whateverD whoever2 motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether A HoweverlateheisB HoweverheislateC NomatterhowlateheisD Nomatterhowheislate3 wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway 浙江2008 A AnyoneB TheoneC WhoeverD Who Exercises 54 Thathewantstogothereisobvious Iamsurethathewillcometomorrow Thenewsthatourteamwonthematchinspiredus Theresultisthatwewonthegame 无 无 宾语从句中可省 其余不可省 是否 无 主语 宾语 表语 有 1 that与whether的区别 1 Someresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubt acureforAIDSwillbefound 05广东卷 2 Wedoubt hewilldefeattheothers 3 Theproblemis wehaveenoughtime 4 Itdoesn tmatter youcomeornot5 Italldependson theskyisgoingtoclearup A ifB thatC D whether whether if whether what that whether whether whether 2 whether和if的区别 That表确定whether表是否 1 主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 介词后用whether2 Whetherornot连用 1 What That whether wasmostimportanttoher shetoldme washerfamily 08山东卷 2 wecan tgetseemsbetterthan wehave What whatB what thatC That thatD That what3 madetheschoolproudwasmorethan90 ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities A What whe