核心英语阅读技能：Scanning.pdf

核心英语阅读技能 核心英语阅读技能 Scanning 查读 scanning 又称寻读 同略读 skimming 一样 查读也是一种快速阅读技巧 训练有素的读者善于 运用查读捕捉具体信息 以提高阅读效率 查读是一种从大量的资料中查找某一项具体事实或某一项特定信息 如人物 事件 时间 地点 数字 等 而对其他无关部分则略去不读的快速阅读方法 运用这种方法 读者就能在最短时间内掠过尽可能 多的印刷材料 定位到所需的信息 例如 在车站寻找某次列车或汽车的运行时刻 在机场寻找某次班机 的飞行时刻 在图书馆查找书刊的目录 在文献中查找某一日期 名字 数字或号码等 都可以运用这种 方法 作为一种快速寻找信息的阅读技巧 查读既要求速度 又要求准确性 具体地说 查读带有明确的目的性 是有针对性地选择问题的答案 因此 可以把整段整段的文字直接映入大脑 不必逐字逐句地过目 视线 在印刷材料上掠过时 一旦发现有关的内容 就要稍作停留 将它记住或摘下 既保证查读的速度 又做 到准确无误 所以查读技巧也很有实用价值 查读与略读不同 略读时 我们事先对材料一无所知 而查读则是在我们对材料有所了解的情况下进行的 例如 查寻电话号码簿时 读者知道受话人的姓名 还知道电话号码薄是按姓的字母顺序排列的 这样 在寻找 Smith 的电话号码时就可以利用书页上方的标识词 再按姓的字母顺序很快翻到以 S 开头的书页 从而找到 Smith 名下的电话号码 为了更有效的进行查读 我们应运用下列技巧 利用章节标题和说明利用章节标题和说明 查读之前 首先看看文章标题或章节标题 确定是否包含自己所需要的材料 或者哪一部分包含哪些 材料 这样可以直接进那个部分 进行查找 利用资料的编排形式利用资料的编排形式 很多资料是按字母顺序排列的 如词典 索引 邮政编码薄 电话号码薄以及其他参考资料薄等 但 资料并不都是按字母顺序来排列的 例如 电视节目是按日期和时间排列的 历史资料是按年代排列 的 报纸上的体育版面是按比赛类别 足球 排球 网球 排列的等等 但是不管资料来源的怎样 它都是按照某种逻辑方法排列的 我们在查读的时候 一定要明确资料的编排方式 以提高效率 避 免盲目查询 抓提示词抓提示词 读者找到包含所需信息的部分 准备查读 这时 要留心与那个具体信息有关系的提示词 例如 在 报纸体育运动版上寻找某世界冠军的运动成绩 他的国名便是提示词 在百科全书上寻找伦敦市的人 口 翻到 London City 那一章后 population census inhabitants 等词就是提示词 找到提示 词 就可以采用一般阅读速度 获得所需要的信息 下面我们给大家提供 4 组 scanning 的专项练习 Scanning Exercise 1 Eye Movements Read across the line from left to right as fast as you can and circle the words that are the same as the underlined word fat far fat father future far speak spell spoke speaks speak speak here hear heard here him help telephone talk telephone TV type talk fifty fifteen fifty five four fifty China Chinese chair China China came People person people private pull pencil terrible tell type typical pull pencil handsome hand handle handsome hurt handsome street strong stop stare same street Japanese Japan jump John Japanese Japanese college college carpet colleges computer compare picture person people picture perfect practice library library look learn library laugh give gave get gave give got work walk wake walk work wait secretary sell secretary sing single secretary message marry meet main message mother weekend week worry work weekend wonder carry car cafe care careful carry high high hear hold handle hurry because bring brought because bold bear Time Scanning Exercise 2 Eye Movements Read across the line from left to right as fast as you can and circle the words that are the same as the underlined word happy hard hungry happy happy help tall tall talk tell tall tie big bill been big ball big man men mirror man man man thanks think thanks two thinking thumb sixty six sell sex seven sixty chair care call chair chairs car never never new not nice never doctor nurse doctor driver doctors don t country come country country cat came apple fruit all after apple apples office office official office older other neighbor new nothing neighbors neighbor neighbor love love like light live long cheese cheese careful closed cheese bread John Jack John Jill Brian Barry brother brother Barry sister brothers brother money marry Mary money many money store shop store stop start store lives life long lives lives live Time Scanning Exercise 3 Scanning for information Here is a Table of Contents from a beginner s book in English as a Second Language Look at it and answer the questions Table of Contents Unit 1 Say Hello 3 Unit 2 The Clothes You Wear 12 Unit 3 The Jobs You Do 24 Unit 4 The Foods You Eat 38 Unit 5 The People in Your Family 44 Unit 6 The Rooms in You House 60 Unit 7 The Days of the Week 68 Unit 8 The Weather 74 Unit 9 The Places You Go 83 Unit 10 The Machines You Use 92 Unit 11 The Sorts You Play 104 Unit 12 The Parts of the Body 114 1 What unit tells you about meat fruit and vegetables 2 What unit tells you about hats coats and dresses 3 What unit tells you about televisions calculators and cars 4 What unit tells you about brothers sisters and cousins 5 What unit tells you about January February and March 6 What unit tells you about feet hands and legs 7 What unit tells you about rain wind and sun 8 What unit tells you about the kitchen living room and dining room 9 What unit tells you about the school library and museum 10 What unit tells you about football baseball and tennis 11 What is the first page of unit 4 12 What is the first page of unit 10 13 What is the last page in unit 11 14 What is the last page in unit 3 Scanning Exercise 4 Scanning for information Look over the bus schedule quickly and then answer the questions Bus Schedule Circle the correct answer to complete each sentence 1 The first bus from Yorktown Departing time is a 11 00 a m b 4 00 p m c 6 00 a m 2 The bus trip from Yorktown to Boxford is a two hours b one hour c three hours 3 The first bus from Boxford to Yorktown is at a 1 20 p m b 8 30 a m c 6 00 a m 4 There are morning bus trips to Boxford a one b two c three 5 The price of a one way ticket from Boxford to Yorktown is a 5 00 b 10 00 c 15 00 6 The last bus to Yorktown Departing time is a 6 00 b 4 00 c 1 30 Hudson Bu