全国医学博士统一考试2010.pdf

3 2010 医学博士英语统一入学考试试卷医学博士英语统一入学考试试卷 Paper One Part Listening Comprehension 30 Section A Directions In this section you will hear fifteen short conversations between two speakers At the end of each conversation you will hear a question about what is said The question will be read only once After you hear the question read the four possible answers marked A B C and D Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET Listen to the following example You will hear Woman I feel faint Man No wonder You haven t had a bite all day Question What s the matter with the woman You will read A She is sick B She was bitten by an ant C She is hungry D She spilled her paint Here C is the right answer Sample Answer A B C D Now let s begin with question Number 1 1 A She s looking for a girl B She needs a new purse C She s going to give a birthday party D She wants to go shopping with her mom 2 A She bears noises in her ears day and night B She has been overworking for a long time C Her right ear hurt in an accident is troubling her D Her ear rings are giving her trouble day and night 3 A He ll go to see Mr White at 10 30 B He d like to make an earlier appointment C He d like to cancel the appointment D He d like to see another dentist 4 A 8 00 B 8 15 C 8 40 D 8 45 5 A In a hotel B At a fast food bar C In the supermarket D In the department store 6 A To resign right away B To work one more day as chairman C To think twice before he makes the decision D To receive further training upon his resignation 7 A She didn t do anything in particular B She send a wounded person to the ER 4 C She had to work in the ER D She went t skiing 8 A A customs officer B The man s mother C A school headmaster D An immigration officer 9 A It feels as if the room is going around B It feels like a kind of unsteadiness C It feels as if she is falling down D It feels as if she is goingaround 10 A John has hidden something in the tree B John himself should be blamed C John has a dog that barks a lot D John is unlucky 11 A The chemistry homework is difficult B The chemistry homework is fun C The math homework is difficult D The math homework is fun I2 A His backache B His broken leg C His skin problem D His eye condition 13 A Whooping cough smallpox and measles B Whooping cough chickenpox and measles C Whooping cough smallpox and German measles D Whooping cough chickenpox and German measles 14 A Saturday morning B Saturday night C Sunday afternoon D Next weekend 15 A He s lost his notebook B His handwriting is messy C He ll miss class later this week D He cannot make it for his appointment Section B Direction In this section you will hear one conversation and two passages after each of which you will hear five questions After each question read the four possible answers marked A B C and D Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET Conversation 16 A He is having a physical checkup B He has just undergone an operation C He has just recovered from an illness D He will be discharged from the hospital this afternoon 17 A He got an infection in the lungs B He had his gallbladder inflamed C He was suffering from influenza D He had developed a big kidney stone 18 A A lot better B Terribly awful C Couldn t be better D Okay but a bit weak 5 19 A To be confined to a wheelchair B To stay indoors for a complete recovery C To stay in bed and drink a lot of water D To move about and enjoy the sunshine 20 A From 4 pm to 6 pm B From 5 pm to 7 pm C From 6 pm to 8 pm D From 7 pm to 9 pm Passage One 21 A The link between weight loss and sleep deprivation B The link between weight gain and sleep deprivation C The link between weight loss and physical exercise D The link between weight gain and physical exercise 22 A More than 68 000 B More than 60 800 C More than 60 080 D More than 60 008 23 A Seven hour sleeper gained more weight over time than 5 hour ones B Five hour sleepers gained mote weight over t me than 7 hour ones C Short sleepers were 15 more likely to become obese D Short sleepers consume fewer calories than long sleepers 24 A Overeating among the sleep deprived B Little exercise among the sleep deprived C Lower metabolic rate resulting from less sleep D Higher metabolic rate resulting from less sleep 25 A Exercise every day B Take diet pills C Go on a diet D Sleep more Passage Two 26 A She is too hard on me B She asks too many questions C She is always considerate of my feelings D She is the meanest mother in the neighborhood 27 A A university instructor B A teaching assistant C A Ph D student D A psychiatrist 28 A They usually say no B They usually say yes C They usually wait and see D They usually refuse to say anything 29 A They are overconfident B Their brains grow too fast C They are psychologically dependent D Their brains are still immature in some areas 30 A Be easy on your teen B Try to be mean to your teen C Say no to your teen when necessary D Don t care about your teen s feelings Part II Vocabulary 10 Section A Directions In this section all the statements are incomplete beneath each of which are four words or phrases marked A B C and D Choose the word or phrase that can best complete the statement and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET 31 A number of black youths have complained of being by the police A harassed B distracted C sentenced D released 32 He rapidly became with his own power in the team A irrigated B irradiated C inoculated D intoxicated 6 33 Throughout his political career he has always been in the A twilight B spotlight C streetlight D torchlight 34 We that diet is related to most types of cancer but we don t have definite proof A suspend B supervene C supervise D suspect 35 A patient who is dying of incurable cancer of the throat is in terrible pain which can no longer be satisfactorily A alleviated B abolished C demolished D diminished 36 The television station is supported by from foundations and other sources A donations B pensions C advertisements D accounts 37 More legislation is needed to protect the properly rights of the patent A integrative B intellectual C intelligent D intelligible 38 Officials are supposed to themselves to the welfare and health of the general public A adapt B confine C commit D assess 39 You should stop your condition and do something about it A drawing on B touching on C leaning on D dwelling on 40 The author of the book has shown his remarkably keen into human nature A perspective B dimension C insight D reflection Section B Directions In this section each of the following statements has a word or phrase underlined beneath which are four words or phrases marked A B C and D Choose the word or phrase which can best keep the meaning of the original sentence if it is substituted for the underlined part Then mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET 41 The chemical was found to be detrimental to human health A toxic B immune C sensitive D allergic 42 It will be a devastating blow for the patient if the clinic closes A permanent B desperate C destructive D sudden 43 He kept telling us about his operation in the most graphic detail A verifiable B explicit C precise D ambiguous 44 The difficult case tested the ingenuity of even the most skillful physician A credibility B commitment C honesty D talent 45 He left immediately on the pretext that hah ad to catch a train A claim B clue C excuse D circumstance 46 The nurse was filled with remorse for not believing her A anguish B regret C apology D grief 47 The doctor tried to find a tactful way of telling her the truth A delicate B communicative C skillful D considerate 48 Whether a person likes a routine office job or not depends largely on temperament A disposition B qualification C temptation D endorsement 49 The doctor ruled out Friday s surgery for the patient s unexpected complications A confirmed B facilitated C postponed D cancelled 50 It is not easy to remain tranquil when events suddenly change your life A cautious B motionless C calm D alert Part IlI Cloze 10 Directions In this section there is a passage with ten numbered blanks For each blank there are four choices marked A B C and D listed below the passage Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the 7 ANSWER SHEET Experts say about 1 of young women in the United States are almost starving themselves today They are suffering from a sickness called anorexia These young women have an abnormal fear of getting fat They 51 starve themselves so they weigh at least 15 less than their normal weight The National Institute of Mental Health says one 52 ten cases of anorexia leads to serious medical problems These patients can die from heart failure or he disease can lead young women to 53 themselves For example former gymnast Christy Henrich died at age 22 She weighed only 6l pounds A person with anorexia first develop joint and muscle problems There is a lack of iron in the blood 54 the sickness progresses a young woman s breathing heartbeat and blood pressure rates slow down The important substance calcium is 55 from the bones sometimes causing bones to break Sometimes the brain gets smaller causing changes in 56 a person thinks and acts Scientists say many patients have further mental and emotional problems They have 57 opinions about themselves They feel helpless Their attempts to become extremely thin may 58 efforts to take control of their lives They may suffer from fearfulness or continued deep sadness Called depression They may become dependent on illegal drugs Some people also feel the need to continually repeat a n 59 For example they may repeatedly wash their hands although their hands are clean Anorexia is a serious eating 60 lf it is not treated on time it can be fatal 51 A specifically B purposely C particularly D passionately 52 A from B of C at D in 53 A kill B starve C abuse D worsen 54 A When B While C As D Since 55 A lost B derived C generated D synthesized 56 A what B why C how D which 57 A good B high C lower D poor 58 A represent B make C present D exert 59 A medication B illusion C motion D action 60 A habit B behavior C disorder D pattern Part IV Reading Comprehension 30 Directions In this section there are six passages each of which is followed by five questions For each question there are four possible answers marked A 13 C and D Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET Passage One Children should avoid using mobile phones for all but essential calls because of possible health effects on young brains This is one of the expected conclusions of an official government report to be published this week The report is expected to call for the mobile phone industry to refrain from promoting phone use by children and start labeling phones with data on the amount of radiation they emit The independent Expert Group on Mobile Phones chaired by former government chief scientist William Stewart has spent eight months reviewing existing scientific evidence on all aspects of the health effects of using mobile phones Its report is believed to conclude that because we don t fully understand the nonthermal effects of radiation on human tissue the government should adopt a precautionary approach particularly in relation to children There is currently no evidence that mobile phones harm users or people living near transmitter masts But some studies show that cell phones operating at radiation levels within current safety limits do have sort of 8 biological effect on the brain John Tattersall a researcher on the health effects of radiation at the Defense Evaluation and Research Agency s site at Portan Down agrees that it might be wise to limit phone use by children If you have a developing nervous system it s known to be more susceptible to environmental insults he says So if phones did prove to be hazardous which they haven t yet it would be sensible In 1998 Tattersall showed that radiation levels similar to those emitted by mobile phones could alter signals from brain cells in slices of rat brain What we ve found is an effect but we don t know if it s hazardous he says Alan Preece of the University of Bristol who found last year that microwaves increase reaction times in test subjects agreed that children s exposure would be greater There s a lot less tissue in the way and the skull is thinner so children s heads are considerably closer he says Stewart s report is likely to recommend that the current British safety standards on energy emissions from cell phones should be cut to the level recommended by the International Commission on Non Ionizing Radiation Protection which is one fifth of the current British limit The extra safety factor of five is somewhat arbitrary says Michael Clark of the National Radiological Protection Board But we accept that it s difficult for the UK to have different standards from an international body 61 Just because it has not been confirmed yet whether mobile phone emissions can harm human tissue according to the government report it does not mean that A the government should prohibit children from using cell phones B we should put down the phone for the sake of safety C the industry can have a right to promote phone use D children are safe using cell phones 62 Tattersall argues that it is wise to refrain mobile phone use by children in term of A their neural development B their ill designed cell phones C the frequency of their irrational use D their ignorance of its possible health effects 63 On the issue in question Preece A does not agree with Tattersall B tries to remove the obstacles in the way C asks for further investigation D would stand by Stewart 64 What is worrisome at present is that the UK A is going to turn deaf ears to the voice of Stewart s plan B finds it difficult to cut the current safety standards on phone use C maintains different standards on safety limit from the international ones D does not even impose safety limit on the mobile phones energy emissions 65 Which of the following can be the best candidate for the title of the passage A Brain Wave B For Adults Only C Catch Them Young D The Answer in the Air Passage Two Advances in cosmetics dentistry and plastic surgery have made it possible to correct facial birth defects repair damaged teeth and tissue and prevent or greatly delay the onset of tooth decay and gum disease As a result more people smile more often and mom openly today than even in the past and we can expect more smiles in the future 9 Evidence of the smile s ascent may be seen in famous paintings in museums and galleries throughout the world The vast majority of prosperous bigwigs voluptuous nudes or middle class family members in formal portraits and domestic scenes appear to have their mouths firmly closed Soldiers in battle children at play beggars old people and especially villains like the torturers in martyrdom and crucifixion scenes may have their mouths open but their smiles are seldom attractive and more often suggest strain or violence than joy Smiles convey a wide range of meanings in different eras and cultures says art historian Angus Trumble currently curator of Yale University s Center for British Art in his book A Brief History of the Smile Compare for instance the varying impressions made by the shy dimples of Leonardo s Mona Lisa the rosy cheeked mustachioed Laughing Cavalier of Frans Hals and the Smiley Face logo perfected though not invented in 1963 by American graphic artist Harvey R Ball In some non Western cultures Trumble notes even a warm open smile does not necessarily indicate pleasure or agreement It can simply be a polite mask to cover emotions considered too rude or shocking to be openly displayed Subtle differences in muscle movement can convey enormous differences in emotion from the tranquility of bronze Buddhas to the erotic bliss of couples entwined in stone on Hindu temples to the fierce smirk of a guardian demon at the entrance to a Chinese tomb Trumble expects the impact of Western medicine and mass media to further increase the pressure on people to grin broadly and laugh openly in public Faint smiles are increasingly thought of in scientific and psychological circles as something that falls short of the true smile and therefore suggest insincerity or lack of enthusiasm he says With tattooing body piercing and permanent cosmetics already well established as fashion trends one can imagine tomorrow s beauty shops adding plastic surgeons and dentists to their staffs These corner store cosmeticians would offer style makeovers to reshape our lips teeth and jawlines to mimic the signature smile of one s favorite celebrity What can you say to that except Have a nice day 66 Had it not been for cosmetic advances as inferred from the passage A people would not have been as happy as they are today B the rate of facial birth defects would not have declined C there would not have been many more open smiles D we would not have seen smiling faces in public 67 According to the passage it seems that whether there is a smile et not in the portraits or pictures is decided by A one s internal sense of the external world B one s identity or social position C one s times of existence D all of the above 68 Trumble s study on smiles shows that A an open smile can serve as a cover up B the famous portraits radiate varying smiles C even the human muscles can arouse varying emotions D smiles can represent misinterpretations of different eras and cultures 69 What Trumble expects to see is A the increasing tendency of broad grins and open smiles in public B further impact of Western medicine upon non Western cultures C a wider range of meanings to be conveyed by smiles D more of sincerity and enthusiasm in public 10 70 At the end of the passage the author implicates A a fortune to come with cosmetic advances B an identical smile for everybody C future changes in life style D the future of smiles Passage Three Adolf Hitler survived an