同位语从句-Aly.pptx

同位语从句 1 概念 在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句 2 功能 同位语从句对名词进一步解释 说明名词的具体内容 同位语VS同位语从句 同位语 一个名词 或其它形式 对另一个名词进行说明或解释 这个名词 或其它形式 就是另一个名词的同位语 如 LauraMyers aBBCreporter askedforaninterview Influenza acommondisease hasnocure Wehavetwochildren aboyandagirl 同位语的三种形式 1 名词作同位语Donna thecheerleader receivedabighugfromthefamousfootballer 2 短语作同位语Lorry oneofthemostintelligentgirlsIknow isplanningtoapplyforthescholarshipofHarvard Whoisthatman thefirstinthefrontrow 3 句子作同位语Thenewsthattheoilpricewillgodownisuntrue 同位语从句 同位语从句是用来解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句 它所修饰的词为先行词 同位语从句在主句中的作用相当于先行词的作用 同位语从句一般用that whether what which who when where why how等词引导 常放在fact news idea truth hopewish promise report suggestion conclusion等名词后面 说明该名词的具体内容 同位语从句的引导词 同位语从句的引导词有 that whether what which whowhen where how why 1 如同位语从句意义完整 应用that引导同位语从句 即that不充当任何成分 只起连接作用 不可省略 例 Thegeneralgavetheorderthatthesoldiersshouldcrosstheriveratonce 2 如同位语从句意义不完整 需增加 是否 的含义 应用whether引导同位语从句 if不能引导同位语从句 例 We lldiscusstheproblemwhetherthesportsmeetingwillbeheldontime 3 如同位语从句意义不完整 需增加 什么时候 什么地点 什么方式 为什么 等含义 应用when where how why等词引导同位语从句 例 Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback Theyraisedanotherquestionwhereweshouldgetthemoney HehadnoideahowJoemanagedtogetoutofthewell Thequestionwhysomanyanimalsdiedsuddenlyinthatarearemainsunsettled 同位语从句与定语从句区别 1 从词类上区别同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea fact news hope belief suggestion proposal word thought doubt truth possibility promise order等有一定内涵的名词 而定语从句的先行词可以是名词 代词 主句的一部分或是整个主句 Hetoldmethenewsthathewouldcomehomefromaboardsoon Wordcamethathehadbeenabroad 据说他已经出国了 Ourteamhaswonthegame whichmadeusveryhappy 我们的队赢了 这让我们很高兴 定语从句 同位语从句 2 从性质上区别定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制 属于形容词性从句的范畴 而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释 属于名词性从句的范畴 如 Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的 同位语从句 补充说明news到底是一个什么消息 Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的 定语从句 news在从句中作told的宾语 3 从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别有些引导词如how whether what可以引导同位语从句 但不能引导定语从句 如 Thatquestionwhetherweneedithasnotbeenconsidered 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑 同位语从句 引导词that引导定语从句时 在从句中一般作主语或宾语 指物时还可以用which代替 并且作宾语时常常省略 that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用 不充当任何成分 并且不能省略 也不能用which来代替 如 Theorderthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroupswasreceivedyesterday 我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了 同位语从句 是对order的具体解释 that虽不作成分 但不能省略 Theorderthatwereceivedyesterdaywasthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroups 我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组 定语从句 是名词order的修饰语 that在从句中作received的宾语 可以省略 1 Thefact sheworkshardiswellknowntousall A thatB whatC whyD which2 Thefact hewassuccessfulproveshisability A thatB whatC whichD why A A 练一练 3 Thenews hewaskidnappedsurprisedusgreatly A whatB thatC whyD when4 Hissuggestion themeetingbedelayedwasturneddown A whichB thatC D it B B 5 Ihavenoidea hewillstart A whenB thatC whatD 6 I vecomefromthegovernmentwithamessage themeetingwon tbeheldtomorrow A ifB thatC whetherD which B A 7 Thethought hemightfailintheexamworriedhim A whenB whichC whatD that8 Theorder theprisonerbesetfreearrivedtoolate A whichB whetherC thatD what D C 9 Thenursesaretryingtheirbesttoreducethepatient sfear hewoulddieofthedisease A thatB asC ofwhichD which A 10 Heoftenaskedmethequestion theworkwasworthdoing A whetherB whereC thatD when11 Theotherday mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed A asB whichC whatD that A B 11 Alongwiththeletterwashispromise hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas A whichB thatC whatD whether B 13 Luckily we dbroughtaroadmapwithout wewouldhavelostourway A itB thatC thisD which14 Doyouhaveanyidea isactuallygoingonintheclassroom A thatB whatC asD which D B 15 Oneofthemenheldtheview thebooksaidwasright A thatB whatthatC thatwhatD whether that引导同位语从句 补充说明view what引导主语从句并在同位语从句中作主语 C 16 Astorygoes ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt 04 上海 A whenB whereC whatD that D 17 Alongwiththeletterwashispromise hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas 04 上海 A whichB thatC whatD whether B 18 Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars roadconditionsneed 03 上海 A that tobeimprovedB which tobeimprovedC where improvingD when improving A 19 Thereisafeelinginme we llneverknowwhataUFOis notnever A thatB whichC ofwhichD what A 20 Ihavenoidea wecanspendourholiday A whereB whichC thatD what A 21 Thenews hetoldusyesterdayisnottrue butthenews ourteamhaswonthematchistrue A thatB that C that whichD that who A 22 Thequestionoccurredtome thebookwasworthreading A whatB whetherC whichD if B Wewereexcitedatthenews Ourfootballteamhadwonathirdmatch Theyhavemadeanewplan Anotherexperimentbuildingwillbeputupbesidethelibrary I 合并成一句 Wewereexcitedatthenewsthatourfootballteamhadwonathirdmatch Theyhavemadeanewplanthatanotherexperimentbuildingwillbeputupbesidethelibrary 3 Theyhadthequestion Couldhepassthefinalexam 4 Whodidthedamagedcomputerbelongto Noonehadanyidea Theyhadthequestionwhetherhecouldpassthefinalexam Noonehadanyideawhothedamagedcomputerbelongedto 5 Theproblemhasbeensolved Whyweresomanyareasfloodedduringtheheavystorm Theproblemwhysomanyareaswerefloodedduringtheheavystormhasbeensolved II 判断下列哪些含有同位语从句 哪些含有定语从句 Thenewsthatwehadsuccessfullysentupanothercommunicationsatellitespreadt