名词从句和状语从句.ppt

名词性从句 名词性从句的定义 起名词作用的从句 这些从句可以作为一个整体来看待 其作用就相当于一个名词 在复合句中作主语 宾语 表语和同位语 分别称作主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句和同位语从句 简单句的五种基本句型 主语 系动词 表语主语 谓语主语 谓语 宾语主语 谓语 直接宾语 间接宾语主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语 认清句子结构 Hemademehappy Irememberhim Thequestionisdifficult Weallknowthepopstar ZhouJielun Hisdreamhascometrue Hemademehappy Thathecametohelpmeintimemademehappy Whathesaidmademehappy Irememberhim IrememberthatIhavemethimsomewherebefore IrememberwhereIhavemethimbefore IrememberwhenIhavemethimsomewhere Thequestionisdifficult Thequestionishowwecanfinishtheworkinsuchashorttime Thequestioniswhocancometohelpus Thequestioniswherewecangetsomuchmoney Weallknowthefactthattheearthtravelsaroundthesun Hisdreamthathewillbecomeamoviestarhascometrue Whatthefortune tellerpredicted20yearsagohascometure Weallknowthepopstar ZhouJielun Hisdreamhascometrue 名词性从句的连接词及其作用 that不做成分 没词义 有作用whether if只能在动词宾语从句中代替whether 而且不许出现ifornot三词紧挨着之情况 不做成分 有词义 有作用whowhomwhosewhatwhich做成分 有词义 有作用whenwherehowwhy做成分 有词义 有作用 名词性从句的连接词及其作用 Thefactremainsthatwearebehindtheothergroups Sheaskedifthatwasenough WhetherthefootballmatchwillbeplayedornotdependsontheweatherMaryisworryingaboutwhethershehashurthisfeelings Idon tcarewhetherornothehasrealizedhismistake Idon tcareif whetherhehasrealizedhismistakeornot Whodidtheworkisunknown 名词性从句的连接词及其作用 名词性从句的连接词及其作用 8 Iwassurprisedatwhathesaid 9 Iwonderwhosebookitis 10 Herearesomebooks Tellmewhichisworthreading 11 TellmewhichbookisLiLei s 12 Thatiswhysheissohappy 13 Whereshehasgoneisnotknownyet 14 Idon tknowwhenshewillarrivetomorrow 15 NooneknowshowtheancientChinesepeoplemovedsohugestonesinthepast 名词性从句与定语从句的比较 连接词的比较 名词从句 thatwhetherwhowhomwhosewhatwhichwhenwherehowwhy定语从句 thatwhowhomwhosewhichwhenwherewhyas 名词性从句与定语从句的比较 B 作用的比较 1 that引导名词从句不做成分 引导定语从句作主语或宾语 2 which引导名词从句作定语间或主语 引导定语从句做主语或宾语 C 结构的比较 1 名词从句直接做主语 宾语 表语或同位语2 定语从句和先行词一起做主语 宾语 表语或同位语 名词性从句与定语从句的比较 EveryoneknowsthatChinaisadevelopingcountry EveryoneknowsthefactthatChinaisadevelopingcountry Isthisthefactory that youvisitedlastyear ThebookthatIboughtyesterdayiswellworthreading 名词性从句与定语从句的比较 Tellmewhichseatismine please Oh somanycars Canyoupickoutwhich one isMrLi s Maythefourthistheday weChinesepeoplewillneverforget A whichB whenC onwhichD aboutwhichDoyouknowwhichhotel A sheisstayingB sheisstayinginC isshestayingD isshestayingin 名词性从句与定语从句的比较 Whathesaidatthemeetingencouragedusall Thewordsthathesaidatthemeetingencouragedusall Wearediscussingwhomwe llinvitetothepartynextweek Wearediscussingthepersonwhomwe llinvitetothepartynextweek 名词性从句与定语从句的比较 Idon tknowwhoisstandingthere Idon tknowthepersonwhoisstandingthere LiLeihastoldmewhomheisinlovewith LiLeihastoldmethegirlwhomheisinlovewith Shewonderswhosefaultitis Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown Thatiswhysheissohappy Thatisthereasonwhysheissohappy ThefactorywhereLiLeiworkedlastyearisnotfar Idon tknowwhereLiLeiworkedlastyear ImetLiLei sbrotherwhereLiLeiworkedlastyear 名词性从句注意的几个问题 用it作形式主语的主语从句英语中其他一些从属连词 如because as asif等 也可用来引导表语从句 注意下面常见的句型 英语中 表示建议 命令 要求的名词性从句中 谓语动词用 should 动词原形 的形式 should可以省略 用it作形式主语的主语从句 如果主语从句太长 为了避免句子结构头重脚轻 我们可以用it作形式主语 而把主语从句放在主句谓语部分之后 尤其是当主句的谓语动词是连系动词时 例如 1 Itisapitythatyoudidn tgotoseethefilmwithmeyesterday 很遗憾你昨天没和我去看电影 2 Itiscertainthattheirgovernmentwilllosethenextelection 他们的政府在下次选举中会失败是确定无疑的 用it作形式主语的主语从句 3 Ithasn tbeendecidedwhetherthemeetingwillbeheldtomorrow 明天是否开会还没确定 4 Itisimportant necessary rightthat 是重要的 必要的 正确的 5 Itissaid reported hoped believedthat 据说 据报道 人们希望 人们相信 6 Ithappensthat 碰巧7 Itoccurstosbthat 某人 突然想到 8 itdoesn tmatterhow whether 如何 不重要 是否 不重要 9 Itislikelythat 很可能10 Whatashameitisthat 多可惜呀 11 Itisnowonderthat 怪不得 12 Itturnedoutthat 结果证明 13 Itisprobablethat 很可能 14 Itiswell knownthat 众所周知 15 Itisthoughtthat 人们认为 用it作形式主语的主语从句 表语从句常见句型 1 Thingsarenotastheyseemtobe 2 Ithinkitisbecauseyouaretooserious 3 Allthiswasover20yearsago butit sasifitwereonlyyesterday 4 Thereasonwhyheisoftenlateforclassisthathehasthebadhabitofgettinguplateinthemorning 5 Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella ThatiswhyIgotwetthrough 6 Igotwetthrough ThatwasbecauseIhandnoumbrella 英语中 表示建议 命令 要求的名词性从句中 谓语动词用 should 动词原形 的形式 should可以省略 A 建议 advisesuggestpropose 命令 ordercommand 要求 demandinsistrequestrequire 后的宾语从句中 B 在 Itis was 形容词 或过去分词 主语从句 的句型中 常用形容词 necessary important strange natural possible等常用过去分词 suggested ordered demanded required proposed advised decided等C idea proposal suggestion order plan decision advice desire requirement等名词之后的表语从句或宾语从句中 例如 Isuggestthathe should havearest Mysuggestionisthathe should havearest Thathe should havearestismysuggestion Mysuggestionthathe should havearesthasbeenaccepted 英语中 表示建议 命令 要求的名词性从句中 谓语动词用 should 动词原形 的形式 should可以省略 教材中的从句 1 FrederickWilliamI thekingofPrussia couldneverhaveimaginedthathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchanamazinghistory ThisgiftwastheAmberRoom whichwasgiventhisnamebecauseseveraltonsofamberwereusedtomakeit Theamberwhichwasselectedhadabeautifulyellow browncolorlikehoney Thedesignoftheroomwasinthefancystylepopularinthosedays Itwasalsoatreasuredecoratedwithgoldandjewels whichtookthecountry sbestartistsabouttenyearstomake 教材中的从句 2 InSeptember1941 theNaziarmywasnearStPetersburg Thiswasatimewhenthetwocountrieswereatwar BeforetheNaziscouldgettothesummerpalace theRussianswereabletoremovesomefurnitureandsmallartobjectsformtheAmberroom However someoftheNazissecretlystoletheroomitself Inlessthantwodays100 000pieceswereputinside27woodenboxes ThereisnodoubtthattheboxeswerethenputonatrainforKonigsberg whichwasatthattimeaGermancityontheBalticSea Afterthat whathappenedtotheAmberRoomremainsamystery 教材中的从句 3 PleasetakemetoaplacewhereIcanfindtheanimalthatgavefurtomakethissweater Iwonderwhatisbeingdonetohelpyou Daisyturnedaroundandfoundthatshewasbeingwatchedbyanelephant Theysaidwedestroyedtheirfarms andmoneyfromtouristsonlywenttothelargetourcompanies Itcontainsapowerfuldrugwhichaffectsmosquitoes YoushouldpaymoreattentiontotherainforestwhereIliveandappreciatehowtheanimalslivetogether Whenscientistsinspectedthebones theyweresurprisedtofindthatthesedinosaurscouldnotonlyrunliketheothersbutalsoclimbtrees Theylearnedthisfromthewaytheboneswerejoinedtogether 体会名词性从句的构成 1 Wearebehindtheothergroups thatwearebehindtheothergroupswhoarebehindtheothergroupswhomwearebehindwhetherwearebehindtheothergroups 体会名词性从句的构成 2 Thatwearebehindtheothergroupsisafact Wehavetoadmitthatwearebehindtheothergroups Thatwearebehindtheothergroupsmakesusface losing Wehavebeentoldthebadnewsthatwearebehindtheothergroups Hehasn tknownthatwearebehindtheothergroups 体会名词性从句的构成 3 Wemustfindoutwhoarebehindtheothergroups It sclearwhoarebehindtheothergroups Wearediscussingthequestionwhoarebehindtheothergroups Thequestioniswhoarebehindtheothergroups 体会名词性从句的构成 4 Idon tknowwhetherwearebehindtheothergroups It snotclearwhetherwearebehindtheothergroups Whetherwearebehindtheothergroupsdoesn tmatter Itdoesn tmatterwhetherwearebehindtheothergroups Hiscarelessnesscausedtheaccident thathiscarelessnesscausedtheaccidentwhetherhiscarelessnesscausedtheaccidentwhatcausedtheaccidentwhathiscarelessnesscaused 体会名词性从句的构成 5 体会名词性从句的构成 6 Weallknowthathiscarelessnesscausedtheaccident Thathiscarelessnesscausedtheaccidentisafact Itissaidthathiscarelessnesscausedtheaccident Thathiscarelessnesscausedtheaccidentmakesuscarefulwithdriving Wehavelearnedalessonfromthefactthathiscarelessnesscausedtheaccident 体会名词性从句的构成 7 Wearediscussingwhetherhiscarelessnesscausedtheaccident Whetherhiscarelessnesscausedtheaccidentisstillaquestion Wearenotsurewhetherhiscarelessnesscausedtheaccident 体会名词性从句的构成 8 Wedon tknowwhatcausedtheaccident Whatcausedtheaccidenthasn tbeenfoundout Whatcausedtheaccidentisamimportantquestion Whatmattersiswhatcausedtheaccident Wemustmakeitclearwhatcausedtheaccident Hehasn trealizedwhathiscarelessnesscaused Whathiscarelessnesscausedisveryserious Whathiscarelessnesscausedbroughthimgreattrouble Thefollowingiswhathiscarelessnesscaused 体会名词性从句的构成 9 体会名词性从句的构成 10 Youcallmyhometown AncientGreece Ilivedinwhatyoucall AncientGreece ItispartoftheUSAnow IlivedinwhatispartoftheUASnow Hesaidthathisbikewaslost Whathesaidistrue Thevillagewastheplacethey dbeendreamingof Theyreachedwhat theythought wastheplacethey dbeendreamingof 体会名词性从句的构成 11 5 Thatmadehimangry Idon tknowwhatmadehimsoangry 6 Anaccidenthappenedthere Whathappenedthereisstillamystery 7 Thatmorethan90 ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversitiesmadetheschoolproud Whatmadetheschoolproudwasthatmorethan90 ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities 8 Wecan tgetallthatwelike Whatwecan tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwehave 状语从句 状语从句在复合句里起状语作用 修饰主句中的动词 形容词或副词 状语从句放在主句之前时 常用逗号分开 放在主句之后 一般不用逗号 状语从句按其意义和作用可分为时间 地点 条件 原因 让步 目的 结果 方式 比较 等9种 认识状语及状语从句 HereadsEnglisheverymorning WemetLiLeionthestreet LiLeicamelatethismorningbecauseofrain Inthatcase wemuststartearlytomorrow Onlyinthiswaycanweworkouttheproblem Tobuyaperfectgiftfortheirson theparentshavebeentofivemalls Herushedtotherailwaystation onlytofindthatthetrainhadleft 认识状语及状语从句 HewasreadingwhenIwenttoseehim HewasreadingeverytimeIwenttoseehim WemetLiLeiwhereheworks WemetLiLeiwherehestudiedlastyear WemetLiLeiwhereIplayedfootballyesterday LiLeicamelatebecauseitrained LiLeicamelatebecauseh