备战3013新课标高考 甘肃高考研讨会英语资料9 倒装句结构讲与练.doc

倒装句结构讲与练宁夏 肖克义什么叫“倒装句”呢？“倒装句”主要指的是谓语语序的倒装，当然也有宾语和表语语序的倒装。将谓语的一部分提到主语之前的叫部分倒装；将谓语的全部提到主语之前叫全部倒装。一、部分倒装：这是指把be动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词，要在主语之前加助动词do/does/did等，而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。部分倒装主要有以下几种情况：1、句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。这类词有（never, neither, nor, little, seldom, rarely, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, not only, in no way, at no time, few, not, no）, 如：Not a word did I say to him.Never have I found him so happy.Little does he care about what I said.I cant swim. Neither can he.No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep.Exercises:1) Hardly _the airport when the plane took off.A. I had arrived atB. had I arrivedC. had I realizedD. I had got to2) -Have you ever seen anything like that before? -No, _.A. I never have seen anything like that beforeB. never I have seen anything like that beforeC. never have I seen anything like that beforeD. I have seen anything like that before3) By no means _ you.A. shall I misunderstoodB. I shall misunderstoodC. shall I misunderstandD. I shall misunderstand4) _ of it.A. Little I thoughtB. Little did I thinkC. Did I little thinkD. Did little I think5) She is not fond of cooking, _ I.A. So am B. nor amC. neitherD. nor do参考答案： 1) C 2) C 3) C4) C 5) B2、only+状语放在句首，要部分倒装。如：Only by this means is it possible to explain it.（介词短语）Only then did I realize the importance of math.（副词）Only when the war was over in 1918, was he able to get happily back to work.（从句）Exercises:1) Only in this way _ progress in your English.A. you makeB. can you makeC. you be able to makeD. will you able to make2) Only when the meeting was over, _ go back to meet his friend.A. he couldB. he was able toC. was he able toD. was able to he参考答案：1) B2) C3、so或so引导的短语放在聚首，部分倒装。I saw the film, so did she.So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.Exercises:1) I like sports and _ my brother.A. so doesB. so isC. so canD. so likes2) The doctor told Charlie to breathe deeply and _.A. so did CharlieB. Charlie did soC. Charlie does soD. did Charlie so3) So loudly _ that _ hear her clearly.A. did she speak; could everyoneB. did she speak; everyone couldC. she spoke; could everyoneD. she spoke; everyone could参考答案： 1) A2) B3) B4、“Not only+分句，but also+分句”句型中的前一分句要部分倒装。如：Not only does John love Chinese, he is also good at speaking it.但not onlybut also连接主语时，不倒装。如：Not only the mother but also the children are sick.Exercises:1) _ himself wrong, but his friends were wrong.A. Not was only heB. Not only heC. Not only was heD. Not only was2) Not only _ (he, can) run this machine, but _ (he, can) repair it.参考答案： 1) C2) can he; he can5、Not until放在句首，从句不倒装，主句倒装。如：Not until last week did they find the lost bike.（简单句）Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time. （复合句）Exercises:1) Not until the early years of the 19th century_ what heat is. A. man did knowB. man knowC. didnt man knowD. did man know2) Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted.A. didnt I realizeB. did I realizeC. I didnt realize D. I realize参考答案： 1) D2) B6、a.宾语倒装This they kept for themselves.Many happy hours she spent planning for something nice.b. as引导的让步状语从句Proud as these nobles are, hes afraid to see me.Tired as he was, he kept on running.c. 用于省略if的虚拟条件句中。如：Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the exam.Exercises:1) _, hes honest.A. As he is poorB. Poor is heC. Poor as he isD. Poor as is he2) _ tomorrow, they would go out.A. The weather is fineB. Should the weather be fineC. Is the weather fineD. Could the weather be fine参考答案： 1) C2) B7、在以often, well, many a time, now and again 等方式或频度副词（短语）开头的句子中，要用部分倒装结构。如：Many a time has John given me good advice.Often have we made that test.Exercises:1) Many a time _ swimming alone.A. the boy wentB. went the boyC. did the boy goD. did go the boy参考答案： 1) C二、全部倒装：全部倒装有以下几种情况：1、There be结构，在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有：exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。如：There stood a dog before him.There exist different opinions on this question.Exercises:1) _, there would be no air around the earth.A. There were no gravityB. There was not any gravityC. Were there no gravityD. Was there no gravity2) _ a beautiful palace _ the foot of the hill.A. There standatB. There standsunderC. Stands thereunderD. There standsat3) _ a wonderful football match on TV tomorrow.A. There isB. There is going to haveC. Theres going to beD. There will have参考答案： 1) C2) D3) C2、“Here, There, Now, Then + come (或be等)+主语”结构。说明：本句型种there是副词，应重读，强调地点。而前一句型中的there是引导词，本身没意义。如：Here comes the old lady!Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.There comes the bus.Now comes your turn.除了then引导的句子用过去式以外，其余的均用一般现在时，表示一种生动的描述。其次，如果主语时人称代词，就不用倒装。如：Here you are.There she comes.Exercises:1) There_.A. goes the bellB. the bell goesC. does the bell goD. did the bell go2) Here _.A. she isB. is sheC. she beD. was she3) There_. And here _.A. goes the phoneshe comesB. is the phone goingis sheC. does the phone godoes she comeD. the phone goescome she参考答案： 1) A2) A3) A3、表示方向的副词out, in, up, down,等置于句首，要用全部倒装。如：In came Mr White.Up went the arrow into the air.Away went the boy.Exercises: 1) Out_, with a stick in his hand.A. did he rushB. rushed heC. he rushedD. he did rush2) _ from the top of the building when the policeman pointed the gun at him.A. Jumped down the robberB. Jumped the robber downC. Down jumped the robberD. Down the robber jumped参考答案： 1) C2) C4、“分词（代词）+be+主语”结构。如：Gone forever are the dark days of the old society.Walking at the head of the line was our teacher.Such was the story he told me.Exercises:1) _, a man of achievements, deep thoughts, but with simple habits.A. Einstein was such B. Such was EinsteinC. Einstein was soD. So was Einstein2) _ are the days when teachers were looked down upon.A. GoneB. GoC. To goD. Going参考答案： 1) B2) A5、表示地点的介词短语(on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room,等)放在句首时，要全部倒装。如：On the top of the hill stands a pine tree.In front of the classroom is a playground.Exercises:1) On the top of the hill _ where I once visited the monk.A. a temple standsB. does a temple standC. a temple stands thereD. stands a temple2) Near the church _ cottage.A. was such an oldB. had a so oldC. was such old aD. is so an old参考答案： 1) D2) A 三、倒装句的作用1、表示强调意义陈述句一般用自然语序，如果把陈述句的某一部分放在句首，则表示对这一部分的腔调。如：Only in this way can you learn English well.Never before have I seen such a wonderful film.2、起平衡作用。为了让句子保持平衡，结构上的需要。如：They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.3、描绘意义在描写某一个情景时，为了使其更生动。如：Down flew the bat.Out rushed the boys and girls.More exercises:1) Are you going to see the film with us? If Mary wants to go,_.A. So do IB. So will IC. I also goD. So I will2) My car broke down when I was leaving Detroit and I had to take the bus. _, we would have picked you up.A. Had we knownB. We had known itC. If we were knownD. If we know3) This store has such high prices. I agree. Never again _ here.A. I will shopB. will I shopC. I do shoppingD. I do shop4) Not until the early 1900s _ a vote in the United States.A. women were allowedB. were women allowedC. they allowed wo