GMAT逻辑练习题及解析(一)-智课教育.pdf

智 课 网 G M A T 备 考 资 料 GMAT逻辑练习题及解析 一 智课教育 熟能生巧 只有不断练习才能强化知识点 小编为大家整理了难度 系数为3星的三道GMAT逻辑练习题 希望对考生备考GMAT逻辑有所 帮助 NO 1难度系数 Statistics over four consecutive years showed that four percent more automobile accidents happened in California during the week following the switch to daylight saving time and during the week following the switch back to standard time than occurred the week before each event These statistics show that these time changes adversely affect the alertness of California drivers The conclusion in the argument above is based on which of the following assumptions A Drivers in California as well as those in the rest of the United States have similar driving patterns B The observed increases in accident rates are due almost entirely to an increase in the number of minor accidents C Four years is not a sufficiently long period of time over which to judge the phenomenon described D There are no other factors such as school vacations or holiday celebrations that cause accident rates to rise during these weeks E A time change at any other time of year would not produce a similar increase in accident rates NO 2难度系数 Prolonged and unseasonable frosts produce frost rings in deciduous trees which grow in moderate climates Frost rings do not appear in any of the fossilized deciduous trees that have been found in Antarctica Hence it is unlikely that such frosts occurred in Antarctica at the time the fossilized trees lived Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends A There are fossilized nondeciduous trees from Antarctica that bear frost rings B Deciduous trees are more likely to bear frost rings than are other tree varieties C The process of fossilization does not completely obscure frost rings in deciduous trees D Present day deciduous trees are more sensitive to changes in temperature than were the deciduous trees of ancient Antarctica E Prolonged and unseasonable frosts that might have occurred in Antarctica when the now fossilized trees were still living did not always produce frost rings in deciduous trees NO 3难度系数 The world s annual food production slightly exceeds the amount of food required to provide a minimally adequate diet for the world s population To predict that insufficient food production will cause a hunger crisis in the future is nonsense Any hunger crisis will result from a distribution problem rather than a production problem The statement above assumes which of the following A The world s food requirements are greater than they will be in the future B A shortfall in the world s food production can be prevented by a better distribution system C The world s food production will continue to be sufficient to meet or exceed needs D The distribution of the world s existing food supply will be improved in the future E The world hunger crisis will not exist in the future NO 1解析 正确答案为D P 统 事故 C 时变 司机警觉 假设 这里 P 表示前提 C 表示结论 表示问题 表示 上升 统 时变 事故 司机 警觉 分别是 统计 交 通事故 时间变化 司机 警觉力 是缩写 可以提醒自己所说 的内容 这样逻辑就很清楚了 解析 正确答案为D 本题是由一个statistics 转入夏令时与转回 正常时间的一周中事故多了 而得出解释性的结论 时制转换是原因 思路要么是假设可行或有意义 要么除了假设以外没有其他原因 D指出没有其他引起事故发生增加的因素 所以符合了第二种思路 因 此正确 A讨论的 the rest of the United States 为新概念 B的 minor accidents 也是新概念 C起到了反对作 用 E主要错在 similar 这个词 所以其部分地反对了上述推理 NO 2解析 正确答案为C P 冻 冻轮 南极 冻轮 C 南极 冻 假设 这里 P 表示前提 C 表示结论 表示问题 表 示推进 表示没有 冻 轮 南极 分别是 霜冻 年 轮 南极洲 的缩写 本题推理也是由一个事实 霜冻年轮没有出现在落叶树的化石中 而得出一个解释性结论 那时的南极洲的落叶树上没有霜冻 思路 应为 没有别的原因来导致该结论 如果形成化石的过程使得落叶树 中的霜冻年轮完全模糊 那么也就从另外一个角度解释了为什么 霜冻 年轮没有出现在落叶树的化石中 因此上面的解释性结论必然不对 所以C是一个使结论成立的必需条件 A B D均为无关项 E易误选 但其中的 not always 起到了部分支持作用 NO 3解析 正确答案为C P 粮年产 最小需求 食不足 食危 C 分配 危 假设 这里 P 表示前提 C 表示结论 表示问题 表 示超过 表示不对 表示推进 粮年产 最小需求 食危 分配 分别是 粮食年产量 最小需求 食物危机 分配问题 的缩写 题干逻辑是目前世界粮食年产量超过满足世界人口 最小量合理饮食所需的粮食总量 结论是预计将来粮食生产不足导致饥 饿危机是胡说 任何饥饿危机是因为分配问题而不是生产问题 从题干 可以看出这个