虚拟语气课件(经典).ppt

SubjunctiveMood Wemetinthisroom DocometothemeetingnextFriday IfIwereyou Iwouldstudyhard 陈述语气 祈使语气 虚拟语气 虚拟语气 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式 一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实 而是一种假设 猜测 愿望等 在条件从句中或让步状语从句中 一是表示说话人的愿望 要求 命令 建议等 在宾语从句 主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 虚拟语气的概念 虚拟语气的主要内容 一 非真实条件句 if等 中的虚拟语气时态一致2 错综时间的虚拟句3 if省略用倒装句4 含蓄条件句5 Ifonly感叹二 名词性从句的虚拟语气 宾语从句 主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句三 几种特殊的虚拟语气句式wish asif though wouldrather It stime It snecessary strange matural inportant that从句 1 IfIwereabird Iwouldflyinthesky 2 IfIhadtakenyouradvice Iwouldn thavemadethemistake 3 IfIhadbeenthere itwouldn thavehappened 4 Ifitrainedtomorrow wewouldnotgoshopping 1 IfIhad5000yuan Iwouldbuyacomputer 与现在事实相反 2 IfIwereabird Iwouldflyinthesky 3 IfIhadtakenyouradvice Iwouldn thavemadeamistake 4 Ifhehadbeenthere itwouldn thavehappened 与现在事实相反 与过去事实相反 一 虚拟语气在条件句中 If 主语 动词的过去式 动词be用were 主语 should would might could 动词原形 If 主语 had 过去分词 主语 should would might could havedone 1 If 主语 动词过去式2 If 主语 wereto 动词原形3 If 主语 should 动词原形 主语 should wouldmight could 动词原形 小小顺口溜虚拟语气并不难 从句时态都提前 主句would加在前 注意动词要还原 省略if要倒装 e g 1 IfIwereinyourshoes Iwouldaccepttheterms 2 Ifwehadleftearlier wewouldn thavemissedthetrain 3 IwishIwereascleverasyou 1 IfIwereabird Iwouldflyinthesky 2 IfIhadtakenyouradvice Iwouldn thavemadethemistake 3 IfIhadbeenthere itwouldn thavehappened 4 Ifitrainedtomorrow wewouldnotgoshopping 5 Hewasshakingwithfrightasifhehadseenaghost a Ifthey be here they take youradvice b Iftheworld war burst outagain what happen toourpeopleonearth were wouldtake burst wouldhappen PRACTICE1 Fillintheblanks Ifhe drive morecarefully he nothave thecaraccidentyesterday haddriven wouldnothavehad 2 错综时间的虚拟句通常情况下 在非真实条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间是一致的 但有时也可能指不同的时间 这时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形式 1 IfIwereyou Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice 从句指现在 主句指过去 2 IfIhadtakenmyraincoatwithmethismorning Iwouldnotbewetnow 从句指过去 主句指现在 虚拟语气 3 省略if的条件从句当从句中有were had或should时 可省略if 而把它们放在句首 IfIweretomeethimtomorrow Ishouldaskhimaboutit WereItomeethimtomorrow Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime hewouldtryagain Shouldhefailintheexperiment Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier youwouldhavemethim 虚拟语气在在条件从句中 Hadyoucomeafew 4 without butfor or和otherwise构成虚拟 butfor要不是 or否则 含蓄条件句 1 Withoutsunlight therewouldbenolifeonourplanet 2 Butforyourhelp Iwouldn thavefinishedthework 3 Iwasillthatday otherwise Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet 副词 4 Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit 连词 2 用于表示命令 建议 要求等一类词后面的宾语从句 insist order command suggest advise propose require request demand desireetc Wesuggestedthatthemeeting should beputoff Theyinsistedthattheboy should gowiththem 注意 suggest当表示 暗示 表明 讲时 insist表示 坚持认为 之意时 应用陈述语气 Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourwork Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney 他脸上的表情表明他对我们的工作很满意 那个人坚持说他没有偷钱 在suggestion proposal order plan advice idea request等名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用 should 动词原形 should可以省略 2 用于表语从句和同位语从句 Myideaisthatwe should thinkitoverbeforeacceptingit Mysuggestionthatwe should haveameetinghasbeenacceptedbyothers Weallagreetothatsuggestionthatthemeeting should beputoff 二 名词性从句的虚拟语气 主要是表示命令 要求 建议的虚拟语气 宾语从句 常见动词 一个坚持 insist两个命令 order command三个建议 advise suggest propose五个要求 demand require request desireask 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法 即从句中的动词使用should 动词原形 或者将should省略 虚拟语气在 在宾语从句中 注意 insist suggest各有两意思 要用不同的语气 表 坚决要求 虚拟 should do 表 坚称 坚持说 陈述语气 表事实 表 建议 虚拟 should do 表 表明 暗示 用陈述语气 1 Theteachersuggestedthatwe moreafterclass 我们课后多练习 2 Thelookonherfacesuggestedthatshe happy3 Heinsistedthatallofus thereontimebyanymeans 我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿 4 Heinsistedthathe thewallet 没有偷钱包 insist suggest should practise was shouldbe didn tsteal 我们建议Tom去休息一下 他坚决要求我到场 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作 WesuggestedthatTomhavearest HeinsistedthatI should bepresent Thekingorderedthattheprisonersbekilledthenextday Theyrequestedthatwe should sendthemtoworkthere 以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句 表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气 从句中的动词形式一样 即 should V order advice suggestion proposal demand request desire It ssuggestedthattheplanMydemandisthatshetoseemeonceaweek Wearefortheadvicethatthefactorycloseddown becarriedout shouldcome shouldbe wish后面的宾语从句中 一般用虚拟语气 表示一种不可能实现的愿望 其谓语动词形式为 表现在过去时表过去过去完成时表将来would might could 动词原形 Iwish that Iwereabird Iwish that Ihadseenthefilmlastnight Iwish that Iwould couldgo 三 虚拟语气特殊句型 1 wish的宾语从句 现在 过去时 were 过去 过去完成时未来 would could might V should IwishIastallasyou were Iwisheverydaymybirthday were Iwish wishedIeatensomuchwatermelon 2 表示对过去情况的虚拟 从句动词常用 had 过去分词 hadn t Iwishitraintomorrow would Helooksasifhedrunk Theytalkedasiftheyfriendsforyears Shelovesthebabyasifitherownson Irememberedthewholethingasifityesterday were hadhappened hadbeen were 2 Asif though和wish用法相同 3 wouldrather that 现在 将来 过去 Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow Iwouldratheryouhadgone too Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow 过去时 过去完成时 3 It s about high time that should V 过去时 我们该去睡觉了 It stimethatwe It stimethatwetobed Should不可省略 wenttobed shouldgo 4 Ifonly 要是就好了IfonlyIknewhisname Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice IfonlyIweretoseehimagain 要是我们的父母和我们住在一起就好了 要是我没错过火车就好了 Ifonlyourparentslivedwithus IfonlyIhadn tmissedthetrain 虚拟语气 Alan thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon A wouldhavemissedB hadmissedC wouldmissD missed2 Itwasthedrug notthedisease thatkilledtheboy Hewouldbestillalivetodayifhe thatdrug A nottakeB hadn ttakenC didn ttakeD shouldn thavetaken Exercises 虚拟语气 3 IfonlyI tomyparents ButIdidn t A listenedB hadlistenedC shouldlistenD wouldlisten4 TomsuggestedthatAnn thehouse A sellB soldC shallsellD wouldsell5 Iwishthisbus totheuniversity A goB wentC hasgoneD hadgone 虚拟语气 9 HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing No butIwishI A haveB willC doD had10 Idon tthinkitistherighttimethatyou A willgoB wentC goD mustgo11 Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit A breaksB hasbrokenC werebrokenD hadbeenbroken 1 Ifmyfather herenow he tellmewhattodo A were wouldBwere willCis wouldDwas will2 IfI abee I workmuchharder Awere wou