2014高考英语阅读理解评估检测(26).doc

2014高考英语阅读理解评估检测（26） （三） 2013安徽省级示范高中名校联考Switzerland is the best place to be born in the world in 2013，and the US is just 16th. A new study made by the Economist Intelligence Unit says American babies will have a dimmer future than those born in Hong Kong，Ireland and even Canada. The EIU，a sister company of the Economist，tried to measure how well countries will provide the best opportunities for a healthy，safe and prosperous life in years to come.People born in Switzerland will tend to be the happiest and have the best quality of life judged in terms of wealth，health and trust in public institutions，according to the analysis. The Scandinavian countries of Norway，Sweden and Denmark also all make the top five in a qualityoflife index(指数)highlighting where it is best to be born next year.One of the most important factors is being rich，but other factors come into playincluding crime，trust in public institutions and the health of family life. In total，the index takes into account 11 factors. These include fixed factors such as geography，others that change slowly over time such as demography (人口统计学)，social and cultural characteristics, and the state of the world economy. The index also looks at income per head in 2030，which is roughly when children born in 2013 will reach adulthood. Small economies take up the top 10 countries，with Australia coming second and New Zealand and the Netherlands not too far behind.Half of the top 10 countries are European，but only one，the Netherlands，is from the eurozone. The crisisridden south of Europe，including Greece，Portugal and Spain，falls behind despite the advantage of a favourable climate. Interestingly，the largest European economiesGermany，France and Britaindo not do particularly well. Nigeria has the unenviable(不值得羡慕的)title of being the worst country for a baby to enter the world in 2013.11According to the passage，the happiest people live in_ADenmark BSwitzerlandCGermany DNigeria12The factors of telling the best place to be born dont include_Aeconomy BgeographyCtrust in public institutions Dpollution13Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?AThe Economist Intelligence Unit is a company.BThe Economist attempted to measure the best place to live.CThe Scandinavian countries are hardly at the top of the list.DHalf of the top 10 countries are from the eurozone.14The purpose of the text is to show people_.Athe best place to be born in 2013Ba new study made by the EIUCthe worst country to be born in 2013Dthe factors of measuring the best place to be born【语篇导读】 本文主要通过经济学人智库对国家的幸福指数的研究得出在瑞士出生的人是最幸福的，生活质量也最高，而挪威、瑞典和丹麦这几个斯堪的纳维亚国家也跻身前五名。11. B细节理解题。 根据文章第一段“Switzerland is the best place to be born in the world in 2013”和第二段“People born in Switzerland will tend to be the happiest and have the best quality of life”可知，一般来说，在瑞士出生的人是最幸福的，其生活质量也最高。故答案为B项。12. D细节理解题。根据文章第二段中对于判断最佳居住地的因素介绍可知，没有提到“污染”的问题。故答案为D项。13. A推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“The EIU, a sister company of the Economist”可知经济学人智库是一家公司。故A项正确。14. B主旨大意题。本文的目的是展示经济学人智库的研究结果，而其他三个选项只是其中的一个部分，不能作为文章的目的。故答案为B项。(2011厦门适应性考试，E)The Nez Perce Indians are a tribe that lived in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. At the time of the Lewis and Clark expedition(远征队), which was one of the first journeys by Americans from the Atlantic coast to the Pacific coast and back again, the Nez Perce territory(领土) covered about 17 million acres, covering parts of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. But that was a brief sweet history.In September 1805, when Lewis and Clark came off the Rockies on their westward journey, the entire exploring party was hungry and illtoo weak to defend themselves. Had the Nez Perce chosen to attack them, they could have put an end to the Lewis and Clark expedition there on the banks of Clearwater River. Instead the Nez Perce welcomed the white Americans and looked after them until they made a full recovery. Thus began a long friendship between the Nez Perce and white Americans. But white mens greed for land and gold finally broke the friendship.In 1855 Governor Isaac Stevens of Washington Territory invited the Nez Perce to a peace conference. He said there were a great many white people in the country, and many more would come. But the chief of the tribe at that time, Old Joseph, replied, “Take away your paper. I will not touch it with my hand.”Things were quiet for a while after that, but not for long. When Old Joseph died, the chiefship was passed onto Young Joseph. In the late 1870s, government officials came to order the Nez Perce to leave the Wallowa Valley and then began hard battles between the Nez Perce and the white soldiers. After the tribe had fought thirteen battles and moved 1,600 miles towards Canada in an attempt to retreat (撤退) north, Young Joseph, gave in to the United States Army. Here was his famous statement, “Hear me my chiefs. I am tired; my heart is sick and sad. From where the sun now stands I will fight no more forever.”In 1885, Chief Joseph was sent along with many of his band to the Colville Reservation in Washington where Joseph continued to lead his band for another 25 years, at times coming into conflict with the leaders of 11 other tribes living on the reservation. 本文讲述了印第安部落The Nez Perce与白人的恩怨。16. What is TRUE of the Lewis and Clark expedition?A. They were well cared for by the Nez Perce.B. They ended their expedition on the banks of Clearwater River.C. They started the first battle with the Nez Perce.D. They were the first Americans to travel from the Atlantic to the Pacific.答案：A。推理判断题。由第二段第三句话“Instead the Nez Perce welcomed the white Americans and looked after them until they made a full recovery. ”可知，the Nez Perce照顾探险队直到他们完全康复，因此A项正确；第二段第二句话“Had the Nez Perce chosen to attack them, they could have put an end to the Lewis and Clark expedition there on the banks of Clearwater River.”是虚拟语气，是假设，所以B项错误；C项错误，文中找不到根据；由第一段第二句话“.which was one of the first journeys by Americans from the Atlantic coast to the Pacific coast and back again.”可知，D项错误，是最早之一而不是第一次。17. What ended the friendship between the Nez Perce and the Whites?A. Old Josephs proud manner.B. The breakdown of the peace talk.C. A growing number of white men in the land.D. White mens increasing demand for land and gold.答案：D。细节理解题。由第三段第二句话“But white mens greed for land and gold finally broke the friendship.”可知，白人的贪婪破坏了他们的友谊。18Young Joseph gave in at last because _.A. he grew olderB. he was terribly illC. he hated the warD. he lost other chiefs support答案：C。推理判断题。由第五段最后Joseph说的话可知，他对战争厌倦了。19. Which map most probably shows the path the Nez Perce took in the late 1870s?答案：A。识图理解题。由第一段第一句话“The Nez Perce Indians are a tribe that lived in the Pacific Northwest of the United States.”和第五段“After the tribe had fought thirteen battles and moved 1,600 miles towards Canada in an attempt to retreat (撤退) north”可知，The Nez Perce Indians是从美国西北部向北朝加拿大方向撤退，因此A图正确。20. The passage might be followed by a paragraph about _.A. the customs and traditions of the Nez Perce IndiansB. the last years of Chief Joseph in the Colville ReservationC. lasting fights between the Nez Perce and the whitesD. constant conflicts between the Nez Perce and other tribes解析：B。推理判断题。文章后三段讲的是部落首领Joseph，因此接下来会讲他在保留地里的最后的生活。 A(2011漳州质检，A)Doctors at a Boston hospital last week performed the first full face transplant in the US, attaching a donor face to a 25yearold man whose face was severely burned when his head touched a highvoltage(高压的) line three years ago.A team of more than 30 surgeons and nurses worked for about 15 hours to transplant the forehead, nose, lips, facial skin, underlying muscles and the nerves that power them and provide sensation(知觉) from a donor to Wiens, whose head came in contact with a highvoltage line on Nov. 13, 2008.Bohdan Pomahac, the surgeon, said the team was not able to bring back Wienss eyesight. But Wiens should be able to regain up to 90 percent of normal sensation on the right side of his forehead, right cheek, most of his upper lip and his entire lower lip. Nerve damage was too great for there to be more than tiny sensation in the left check and left forehead, Pomahac said. Doctors say the goal of the operation was to improve Wienss ability to breathe, eat and talk and restore his faces social expression. When Wiens recovers, he will not look like he once did, nor will he look like the donor, but “probably somewhere in the middle，” Pomahac said. The match between the donor and the recipient (接受者) was made based on race, similar age and blood type, etc. Pomahac said he was worried the operation would not be successful when he first saw Wiens. His injuries were covering so large that doctors werent sure there were enough remaining nerves or structures to connect to a new face.Pomahac said he was determined to try his best because of what a patient with similar injuries had told him some years ago. That patient had numerous surgeries(外科手术), with only modest results. When Pomahac asked why the patient sought repeated surgery, he told the doctor, “I just want a taxi to stop when Im waiting for one.”美国波士顿医院上周成功进行了第一例面部全换手术。1. The first paragraph serves as a _.A. conclusion B. comment C. leadin D. background答案：C。推理判断题。由全文可知，第一段是导入。2. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Wienss nerve damage was too great in the left check.B. The left side of Wienss cheek should be able to regain. C. The donors head touched a highvoltage line 3 years ago.D. Pomahac was sure that the surgery would succeed at first.答案：A。细节理解题。由第三段最后一句话“Nerve damage was too great for there to be more than tiny sensation in the left check and left forehead.”可知，Wiens左侧神经伤害如此大以至于他面部左侧无法恢复，所以A项正确而B项错误；由第一段可知，Wiens而非捐献者在三年前头部碰到了高压线，所以C项错误；由第六段第一句话“Pomahac said he was worried the operation would not be successful when he first saw Wiens.”可知，Pomahac并不确信手术是否会成功，所以D项错误。3We can learn from the passage when Wiens recovers, he will look like _.A. what he used to be B. the donorC. Bohdan Pomahac D. the donor in some way答案：D。细节理解题。由第五段第一句话“When Wiens recovers, he will not look like he once did, nor will he look like the donor, but probably somewhere in the middle，”可知，手术后Wiens既不会像自己的过去，也不会像捐献者，而是两者的结合，所以他会长得有点像Wiens，也有点像捐献者。4We can infer from the last paragraph that Pomahacs former patient _. A. experienced many surgeries with good effect B. suffered a lot because of his uglylooking face C. wanted a taxi to stop when he was waiting for oneD. had a strong determination to bring back his eyesight 答案：B。推理判断题。由最后一段“.with only modest results”可知，那位病人的手术不很成功；再由病人的话可推知，该病人拦出租车时，出租车司机都不敢停车，因为病人长得太丑了。C项本身正确，但是不选，因为该项不是推理出来的，而是文章直接提到的。 Boys schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and involve them in activities such as art, dance and music.Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity (阳刚), the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform to a stereotype, a US study says.Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness, rather than feeling they had to conform to the boy code of hiding their emotions to be a real man.The findings of the study go against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.Tony Little, headmaster of the British boys-only school, Eton, warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls. He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when their female peers do better earlier in speaking and reading skills.But in single-sex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys learning style, letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom, wrote the studys author, Abigail James, of the University of Virginia.Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with boy-focused approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them. Because boys generally have more acute vision learn best through touch, and are physically more active, they need to be given hands-on lessons where they are allowed to walk around, James found.Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype that men should be masterful and in charge in relationships. In mixed schools boys feel compelled to act like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means, the study reported. 31. The author believes that a single-sex school _.A. forces boys to hide their emotions to be real menB. helps to cultivate masculine aggressiveness in boysC. encourages boys to express their emotions more freelyD. naturally reinforces in boys the traditional image of a man【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据Boys s