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科目 英语科目 英语 年级 高一年级 高一 教师 陈景花教师 陈景花 2006 2007 年第一学期第八周视频讲义 年第一学期第八周视频讲义 11 05 一 简述 语法专题 二 定语从句 语法拓展之 使用定语从句问题 1 使用定语从句应注意的问题 1 关系代词在从句中作主语时 从句的谓语动词用单数还是复数应由先行词决定 The man who lives downstairs speaks English fluently 住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流 利 The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow 三年级的学生 明天去爬山 2 有时定语从句与先行词之间被一个定语 状语或谓语隔开 There is an expression in his eyes that I can t understand 在他的眼睛里有一种我不明白 的神情 The days are gone forever when the Chinese people were looked down upon 中国人民被 人轻视的日子一去不复返了 3 引导定语从句的关系副词可以用 介词 which 来代替 October 1 1949 was the day on which when the People s Republic of China was founded 1949 年 10 月 1 日是中华人民共和国成立的日子 This is the room in which where Lu Xun once lived 这是鲁迅曾住过的房间 4 当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的动词短语时 动词短语不能拆开 The dictionary which you are looking for is on the desk 你在寻找的那本词典在桌子上 The sick man whom she is looking after is her father 她正在照料的病人是她的父亲 5 注意介词与关系代词的位置 介词在关系代词前 只能用 which 和 whom 不 能用 that 和 who 且不能省略 介词在句尾 关系代词可用 which that whom 口语中也 可用 who 可省略 This is the room in which we lived last year This is the room we lived in last year 这是 我们去年住过的房间 Who s the man whom you just shook hands with Who is the comrade with whom you just shook hands 刚才与你握手的那个人是谁 The room which that I live in is very nice 我住的房间很漂亮 The man whom who that you were talking about has come to school 你们刚才在谈论的 那个人已经来到我们学校 6 关系代词和关系副词在从句中充当一个成分 因此 使用时要注意在从句中避 免句子成分的重复出现 1 请给我看一看你昨天买的那本词典 误 Let me have a look at the dictionary that you bought it yesterday 正 Let me have a look at the dictionary that you bought yesterday 这是我两年前住过 的房子 误 This is the house where I lived in two years ago 正 This is the house where I lived two years ago 2 定语从句与同位语从句的区别 定语从句与同位语从句在使用中常常混淆 我们可以从以下几个方面区分它们 1 一般说来 定语从句的先行词由名词或代词构成 同位语从句的先行词常常是 抽象名词 Those who want to go please sign their names here 想去的人请在这里签名 定语从句 We express the hope that they will come to visit China again 我们表示希望他们再来中 国访问 同位语从句 2 定语从句修饰 限定先行词的意义 与先行词为修饰关系 同位语从句说明先 行词的具体内容 与先行词是同位关系 The train that has just left is for Beijing 刚刚离站的那列火车是开往北京的 定语从 句 The truth that the earth moves around the sun is known to all 地球绕着太阳转这一事实 大家都知道 同位语从句 3 定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导 同位语从句主要由连接词 that 引导 有 时也可用 where who whether 等引导 Do you know the place where he was born 你知道他出生的那个地方吗 定语从句 He raised the question where they were to get the machine needed 他提出这个问题 他们 去哪里找所需的机器 同位语从句 4 引导定语从句的关系代词往往可以省略 引导同位语从句的连接词一般不可以 省略 The news that he told me is exciting 他告诉我的那个消息令人兴奋 定语从句 The news that he has been elected president of the United States is true 他当选美国总统 的消息是真的 同位语从句 5 同位语从句与先行词一般可发展成一个完整句子 He heard the news that his team had won 他听到了自己那个队获胜的消息 此句可以发展为一个表语从句 The news was that his team had won 消息是 他那个队赢了 二 典型例题 1 Who can think of a situation the idiom is often used A where B which C that D how 2 2 They are carrying some empty boxes these books will be placed A in which B in what C in there D at which 3 Bamboo grows best in the place it is warm and rains often A which B where C that D as 4 Is this museum some German friends visited last Sunday A that B where C which D the one 5 Is this the factory you visited last month A that B where C in which D the one 6 Is this the factory he worked twenty years ago A that B where C which D the one 7 Those not only from books but also through practice will succeed A learn B who C that learn D who learn 8 Can you lend me the novel the other day A that you talked B you talked about it C which you talked with D you talked about 9 Anyone this opinion may speak out A who is against B who are against C that against D that is against 10 A room we do experiment is a lab A where B that C which D in that 11 Mr Herpin is one of the foreign experts who in China A works B is working C are working D has been working 12 She had two daughters became doctors A all of them B both of them C all of whom D both of whom 13 Don t talk about such things you are not sure of A that B what C those D as 14 They talked for about an hour of the things and persons they remembered A which B that C whom D who 15 The children were all interested in they had seen in the exhibition A which B that all C all what D all that 16 is known to us all the earth moves around the sun A This B That C It D As 17 Children should not have more money is needed A than B which C that D whose 18 This is the very child parents were killed in the war A who B that C whose D whom 19 The number of the visitors we had expected was well over two thousand A that B as C who D where 3 20 There is no child loves his parents A but B that C who D as Key 1 5AABDA 6 10BDDAA 11 15CDDBD 16 20DACBA 三 综合检测习题 I 填空 1 This is the man wants to see you 2 The student answered the question is Zhang Hua 3 The man you went to see has come 4 The man I met yesterday lent me some money 5 The woman you saw is our geography teacher 6 The runner you are asking about is over there 7 The person you should write to is Mr Ball 8 The man was passing by saw what happened 9 Here is the pen you lost the day before yesterday 10 These books you lent me were very useful 11 The storybook I have just read cannot be easily forgotten 12 A clock is a machine tells people the time 13 This is the shirt I bought yesterday 14 A dictionary is a book gives the meaning to the word 15 The book is on the table is mine 16 The film they are talking about is very interesting 17 I will never forget the people and the places I have ever visited 18 Is there anyone family is in Beijing 19 Show me the boy mother is a well known singer 20 The boy father is a teacher is good at English 21 I know the person company produces new machines 22 She is the engineer work is considered to be the best here 23 This is the person story surprised everybody 24 The woman secret was discovered kept her job in the company 25 This is the boy mother teaches us Chinese in our school 26 The girl watch was lost cried sadly 27 Please pass me the book cover is black 28 The student shoes are dirty played basketball so well 29 Mr Lee son is my classmate is my English teacher 30 Is this factory the one a lot of students visited yesterday 31 The first thing we should do is to clean the room 4 32 You should do all I told you to do 33 The book has nothing interests me 34 The naughty boy can do something will give you trouble 35 This is the tallest building I have ever seen 36 You can take anything you like 37 This is the best film has been shown this year 38 He took away everything belonged to him 39 There is no person is always in the right 40 This is the very person I need 41 I have read all the books you gave me 42 He is the only person is right 43 I don t have any friends can lend me some money 44 I have read every book I can find 45 They talked much had nothing to do with the matter 46 There is little I can give you 47 I will never forget the day I spent with you 48 I will never forget the day I joined the army 49 This is the factory my father worked 30 years ago 50 This is the factory I visited 51 I will never forget the days we spent together in the country II 完成句子 A 1 Here is the pen 你昨天丢失的 2 He is the most careful boy 我所知道的 3 I have lost the watch 我父亲给我的 4 Wheat is a plant 中国北方都种植的 B 1 The teacher 站在附近的 saw what happened 2 The girl 告诉我消息的 is not here now 3 The man 在这间屋子工作的 is a chemist 4 The boys 住在这所房子里的 are physics students 5 The young man 从我们身旁走过去的 is the assistant of our chemistry lab III 在下列句子的第一个空填入介词 在第二个空填入 whom 或 which 1 The man I spoke just now is the manager I told you about 2 The pencil he was writing broke 3 Wu Dong I went to the concert enjoyed it very much 5 4 The two things Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English 5 Her bag she put all her books has not been found 6 The stories about the Long March this is one example are well written 四 综合检测习题答案 I 填空 1 who 2 who 3 who 4 who 5 who 6 who 7 who 8 who 9 that 10 that 11 that 12 that 13 that 14 that 15 which 16 that 17 that 18 w
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