省略现象漫谈.doc

省略现象漫谈省略在语言中是一种普遍现象。本文将英语中常见的省略现象作了归纳,以期对同学们的学习有所帮助。一、简单句中的省略。1.省略主语。在对话中,交谈双方均知谈论对象,可将句子的主语省略。如:Looks like rain.(省略了主语It) Hope to hear from you.(省略了主语I) 2.省略主语和谓语。这种现象在交际用语当中出现较多。如: Feeling better today?芽(省略了主语和谓语Are you)二、并列句中的省略。 在并列句中,相同的成分如主语、谓语、宾语等均可省略。如: My father planned and built all these houses. (built 前省略my father) John won the first race and Jim the second. (Jim后省略 won， second后省略 race)三、复合句中的省略。 1.定语从句中的省略。 Thats the reason (why) he came. I dont like the way (that/in which) he talks. 2.状语从句中的省略。 If (water is) heated, water will boil. Tom was attacked by cramp while (he was) swimming across the river. Well go to help you if (it is) necessary. Had I time (=If I had time), I would come. Ill go, should it be necessary (=if it should be necessary).3.宾语从句中的省略。 如果宾语从句中的谓语动词与主句的谓语动词相同,可将从句中的动词省略。如: We will do what we can (do) to help you.四、不定式的省略。在不定式结构中,为了避免重复,常省略不定式符号to后的实义动词。1. 在glad, ready, happy 等形容词后常可省略不定式符号to后的实义动词。如: Would you like to go with us? Im glad to (go), but I have to finish my homework.2. 在used to, ought to, have to, would like/love to, wish to, hope to, be going to 等结构中,常可省略不定式符号to后的实义动词。如: He doesnt get up early as he used to (get up early). Ill hand it in if I have to (hand it in).3. tell, warn, order, advise, ask等动词后接不定式结构作宾语补足语时,常可省略不定式符号to后的实义动词。如: He wanted to swim across the river but I warned him not to (swim across the river).巩固性练习: 从A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。1. Why didnt you come to Mikes birthday party yesterday? Well, I_, but I forgot it. A. should B. must C. should have D. must have2. Doctors have said that as many as 50% of patients dont take medicine _. A. like directed B. to be directed C. as directed D. so that directed3. You may take them all home _. A. if possible B. if so C. unless so D. even if you can4. You seem to have lost your way. _? Im looking for Wangfujing Street. A. What for B. Need help C. Why so D. Where to5. This is an illness that can result in total blindness