副词性从句.doc

副词性从句(状语从句)一、 概念状语从句是表示时间、地点、方式等内容的主谓结构。状语从句在句中作状语。二、 引导词时间when, while, whenever, as, before, after, since, till, until, once, as soon as,.地点where, wherever原因because, since, as, now that(既然), seeing that.条件if, unless, as long as, suppose/supposing, in case.目的so, that, so that, in order that, in case(以防，以免)结果so, so that,(such) .that让步though, even if/though, no matter, however方式as, as if(as though)比较as, than三、 状语从句用例 (一) 时间*when, while, as试比较：I was reading a novel when he came in.While I was reading a novel, he came in. as意为“在过程中”，有时与when, while互换，引导时间状语从句，强调伴随。例如：New things always have to face difficulties as they grow. *几个特殊的名词如：every time, the first time, the moment, next time也可引导时间状语从句。例如：1) Every time I catch a cold, I have pain in my back. 2) They began to laugh the moment they saw her. 3) I feel unhappy every time /whenever I thought of that. *till, until结构1: 延续动词 + till/until结构2: not + 瞬间动词 + till/until结构3: 强调句/到装结构He worked until late at night.1) He didnt come back until late at night.2) It was until late at night that he came./ Not until late at night did he come back.3) He didnt finish his homework until his father came home. *before, since结构1: “才”,”还未就”, 用”before”; 例如:We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.It wont be a year before we meet again. 结构2: “自从以来已经有了”用”it is since ”; 例如:It is three years since the war broke out.结构3: “自从不以来已经有了”用” it is since (点动词或状态动词)”; 例如:It is three years since I smoked (=since I stopped smoking).比较:It is three years since I started to smoke.since只用于完成时;例如: She has been living here(ever)since she was a child. * when还有一种意思，“就在这时突然”。例如：We played outside till sun set, when it began to rain. (二) 地点*wherever无论在/到哪里1) It lay where I put it.2) Wherever there is a will, there is a way.(三) 原因*because, since, as, for四词的区别：1)It is fine, for the birds are singing. 2) I do it because I want to do it.3) Since you dont like it, I will put it away. 4) As it was already rather dark, we decided not to go. *when例如: It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes.(四) 条件*unless意为“除非”，多用于否定句，但要注意，unless从句不可用否定结构，如不能说：You will succeed unless you do not work hard. 例句: You will not succeed unless you work hard. *in case/in case of的用法:Take your umbrella in case it rains/in case of rain. (五) 目的*in order that, so that例如:1) Please read it louder so that everybody can hear. 2) In order that we might see the sunrise, we started early in the morning. (六) 结果*so.that, such.that引导的句子 that可省略.例如: He is so tall (that) he has to bend a little to pass through the door.I wear my glasses so/so that I could see it better. 2) He left in such a hurry (that) he forgot to lock the door. 3) What has happened that you all look so excited? *注意so nice a boy 和such a nice boy 词序的不同; 注意so many/few/much/little 的搭配; 注意such great progress 的用法.(七) 让步*though与although的区别：例如:1) He went on with his work though he was very tired. 2) Although she had only one son, she sent him to the army. 3) He did not go out; it was a nice day, though。*as/though:Child as he is, he knows a lot.Much as I like it, Ill not buy it。* man or women, good or bad,. All the villagers, men or women, went to the police station to see what was happening.(八) 方式* 1) I feel as if I have a fever.我感觉有点发烧.2) He acted as if nothing had happened. (九) 比较*注意the.,the.结构的用法.1) He ran as fast as he could.他尽快地跑。2) It was better than we expected.(结果)比我们预期的要好。3) The harder you try, the better you will understand. 你越努力，就明白得越多。(十)紧缩结构通常将状语从句的主谓语部分省去,构成紧缩结构.例如:1. While in Beijing, I paid a visit to my aunt.2. He often makes mistakes when speaking English.3. Come tomorrow if possible.4. If in need, Ill be there with you.5. Unless repaired, the machine is of no use.四.高考试题举例1. _, I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John.A. As long as I have traveledB. Now that I have traveled so muchC. Much as I have traveledD. As I have traveled so much2. As far as I am concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn, _.A. the more for life are you equipped B. the more equipped for life you areC. the more life you are equipped forD. you are equipped the more for life3. He was about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder.A. asB. untilC. whileD. when4. It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time.A. beforeB. sinceC. afterD. when5. It was evening _ we reached the little town of Winchester.A. thatB. untilC. sinceD. before6. You should try to get a good nights sleep _ much work you have to do.A. howeverB. no matterC. althoughD. whatever7. I do every single bit of housework _ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.A. sinceB. whileC. whenD. as8. _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.A. WhileB. SinceC. BeforeD. Unless9. It was foolish of you to take a taxi _ you could easily walk there in five minutes.A. whenB. whereC. whichD. that10. He said he would come; he didnt, _.A. eitherB. alsoC.thoughD. but11.Did you buy a dress yesterday? -No, _ I liked the color, I did not like its style.A. Sincerely yours,B. ifC. whileD. though12. -Dont answer me with a simple Yes or No. Explain _ possible. -Yes, I will try my best.A. whoeverB. wheneverC. howeverD. whatever13. _ the term is finished, I am going to rest a few days and then take a trip.A. Now thatB. As ifC.