专业英语词组.docx

1geo m atics 测绘学geodesy 大地测量学surveying and m apping 测绘photogra m m etry 摄影测量学re m ote sensing ( R S) 遥感global positioning syste m ( G P S) 全球定位系统satellite positioning 卫星定位geographic infor m ation syste m s ( GIS) 地理信息系统land m anage m ent 土地管理co m puter graphics 计算机图形学2geodetic surveying 大地测量, 大地测量学plane surveying 平面测量, 平面测量学control survey 控制测量horizontal survey 水平测量, 平面测量vertical survey 高程测量, 垂直测量topographic survey 地形测量detail survey 碎部测量land survey ( property survey , boundary survey, cadastral survey)土地测量, 地籍测量route survey 路线测量pipe survey 管道测量city survey 城市测量hydrographic survey 水道测量m arine survey 海洋测量mine survey 矿山测量geological survey 地质测量3distance m easure m ent 距离测量precise ranging 精密测距pacing 步测, 定步distance m easuring instru m ent, rangefinder 测距仪E D M ( electronic distance m easure m ent) 电子测距仪geodim eter 光速测距仪, 光电测距仪electro m agnetic distance m easuring instru m ent 电磁波测距仪electro-optical distance m easuring instru m ent 光电测距仪long-range E D M instru m ent 远程电子测距仪infrared E D M instru m ent 红外测距仪laser distance m easuring instru m ent, laser ranger 激光测距仪micro w ave distance m easuring instru m ent 微波测距仪satellite laser ranger 卫星激光测距仪tw o-color laser ranger 双色激光测距仪distance- measuring error 测距误差fixed error 固定误差proportional error 比例误差sighting distance 视距m ultiplication constant 乘常数addition constant 加常数stadia m ultiplication constant 视距乘常数stadia addition constant 视距加常数standard field of length 长度标准检定场no minal accuracy 标称精度stadia hair 视距丝, 视距线stadia interval 视距间隔4horizontal angle 水平角vertical angle 垂直角depression angle 俯角, 俯视角zenith distance 天顶距elevation angle 高度角horizontal circle 水平刻度盘vertical circle 垂直度盘true north 真北geodetic azim uth 大地方位角grid bearing 坐标方位角gyro azim uth 陀螺方位角m agnetic azim uth 磁方位角m ethod by series, m ethod of direction observation 方向观测法m ethod in all co m binations 全组合测角法5control net w ork 控制网horizontal control netw ork 平面控制网, 水平控制网vertical control netw ork 高程控制网control point 控制点triangulation 三角测量trilateration 三边测量triangulateration 边角测量forw ard intersection 前方交会resection 后方交会side intersection 侧方交会linear-angular intersection 边角交会法linear intersection 边交会法traversing 导线测量traverse point 导线点traverse leg 导线边traverse angle 导线折角open traverse 支导线closed traverse 闭合导线closed loop traverse 闭合环导线connecting traverse 附和导线angle closing error of traverse 导线角度闭合差total length closing error of traverse 导线全长闭合差closing error in coordinate incre m ent 坐标增量闭合差traverse netw ork 导线网triangulateration netw ork 边角网triangulation netw ork 三角网trilateration netw ork 三边网survey specifications, specifications of surveys 测量规范6reference datu m 参考基面, 参考基准面H uanghai vertical datu m of 1956 1956 黄海高程系统national vertical datu m of 1985 1985 国家高程基准direct leveling , spirit leveling 几何水准测量differential leveling 微差水准测量trigono m etric leveling 三角高程测量baro m etric leveling 气压水准测量gravim etric leveling 重力水准测量river-crossing leveling 跨河水准测量B M ( bench m ark) 水准基点level rod 水准尺level 水准仪backsight ( B S) 后尺foresight ( FS ) 前尺height of instru m ent ( HI) 仪器高height of target ( H T ) 目标高elevation difference 高差annexed leveling line 附和水准路线closed leveling line 闭合水准路线spur leveling line 支水准路线refraction correction 折光差改正elevation of sight 视线高程optical level 光学水准仪electronic level 电子水准仪auto m atic level, co m pensator level 自动安平水准仪laser level 激光水准仪7instru m ent of geo m atics engineering 测绘仪器geodetic instru m ent 大地测量仪器optical theodolite 光学经纬仪electronic theodolite 电子经纬仪total station 全站仪robotic ( m otorized) total station 智能型全站仪, 测量机器人geo-robot 测量机器人gyroscopic theodolite 陀螺经纬仪data recorder 电子手簿, 数据采集器data transfer 数据转换auto m atic target recognition ( A T R ) 目标自动识别circular encoders 编码度盘servo m otors 伺服马达, 伺服继动器re m ote controller 远距离控制器optical plu m m et 光学对中器8la w of probability 概率论theory of error 误差理论true error 真误差observation error 观测误差instru m ental error 仪器误差personal error 人为误差gross error 粗差syste m atic error 系统误差rando m error , accident error 随机(偶然)误差probable error 或然误差constant error 常差average error 平均误差absolute error 绝对误差relative error 相对误差error of closure , closing error, closure 闭合差error propagation , propagation of error 误差传播error test 误差检验gross error detection 粗差检验tolerance 限差limit error 极限误差error of focusing 调焦误差horizontal refraction error 水平折光差index error of vertical circle 竖盘指标差9error distribution 误差分布nor m al distribution 正态分布Gaussian distribution 高斯分布la w s of probability 概率论probability density function 概率密度函数nor m al rando m variable 正态随机变量nor m al error distribution curve 正态误差分布曲线m ost probable value( M P V ) 最或然值expectation , expected value 期望值unbiased estim ate 无偏估计index of precision 精度指标variance 方差standard deviation 标准差m ean square error( M SE ) 中误差m ean square error of angle observation 测角中误差m ean square error of side length 边长中误差m ean square error of a point 点位中误差m ean square error of azim uth 方位角中误差m ean square error of coordinate 坐标中误差m ean square error of height 高程中误差variance of unit weight 单位权方差, 方差因子error ellipse 误差椭圆11least square method 最小二乘法least-squares adjustment 最小二乘平差adjustment of observations , survey adjustment 测量平差functional model 函数模型stochastic model 随机模型redundant observation 多余观测weighting matrix 权矩阵normal equation 法方程variance-covariance matrix 方差-协方差矩阵variance-covariance propagation law 方差-协方差传播律conditional adjustment 条件平差direct adjustment 直接平差condition equation 条件方程condition adjustment with parameters 附参数条件平差parametric adjustment 参数平差indirection adjustment 间接平差observation equation 观测方程parameter adjustment with conditions 附条件参数平差, 附条件间接平差adjusted value 平差值covariance function 协方差函数inverse of weight matrix 权逆阵adjustment of correlated observation 相关平差adjustment of typical figures 典型图形平差approximate adjustment 近似平差combined adjustment 联合平差least squares collocation 最小二乘配置法, 最小二乘拟合推估法quasi-stable adjustment 拟稳平差rank defect adjustment 秩亏平差rigorous adjustment 严密平差sequential adjustment 序贯平差weight coefficient 权系数weight function 权函数weight reciprocal of figure 图形权倒数12figure of the earth 地球形状gravity field 重力场polar motion 极移earth tide 地球潮汐, 陆潮crustal m otion 地壳运动celestial body 天体planetary geodesy 行星大地测量学geometric geodesy 几何大地测量学physical geodesy 物理大地测量学, 大地重力学satellite geodesy 卫星大地测量学space geodesy 空间大地测量学geodetic netw ork 大地网astronomic positioning 天文定位artificial earth satellite 人造地球卫星geoidal undulation 大地水准面高gravim etric deflection 重力偏差earths flattening 地球扁率satellite laser ranging( S L R ) 卫星激光测距lunar laser ranging ( L L R ) 激光测月very long baseline interfero metry( V L BI) 甚长基线干涉测量satellite-to-satellite tracking 卫星跟踪卫星技术geodetic astronomy 大地天文学14geodetic datum 大地基准geodetic position 大地位置geodetic coordinate system 大地坐标系统geodetic origin 大地原点geodetic latitude 大地纬度geodetic longitude 大地经度world geodetic system 1984 ( W G S-84) 1984 世界大地坐标系( W G S-84 )geodetic coordinate 大地坐标rectangular grid 直角坐标网independent coordinate system 独立坐标系coordinate conversion 坐标变换translation parameters 平移参数rotation parameters 旋转参数scale parameter 尺度参数celestial coordinate system 天球坐标系15map projection 地图投影arbitrary projection 任意投影conformal projection 等角投影, 正形投影equidistant projection 等距投影equivalent projection 等积投影orthographic projection 正射投影polyconic projection 多圆锥投影gno m onic projection 球心投影, 极平投影perspective projection 透视投影normal projection 正轴投影transverse projection 横轴投影oblique projection 斜轴投影varioscale projection 变比例投影16gravity measurement 重力测量law of universal gravitation 万有引力定律centrifugal force 离心力gravitational constant 引力常数, 重力常数acceleration of gravity 重力加速度gravitational field 重力场, 引力场absolute gravity measurement 绝对重力测量relative gravity measurement 相对重力测量gravim eter, gravity meter 重力仪gravity station 重力点gravity datum 重力基准gravimetric baseline 重力基线gravim etric deflection of the vertical 重力垂线偏差gravitational potential 引力位gravity anomaly 重力异常gravity gradient measurement 重力梯度测量gravity observation of Earth tide 重力