九年级英语近义词辨析(全).docVIP

B7Units 1-2* good/ nice/ fine/ well(1) This film is so good_ that many people want too see it.(2) Hi! How are you? Fine_, thanks. And you?(3) They sing very nice_.(4) Thats very nice of you to say so.(5) Dont worry! Our parents are very fine/ well .四个词都表示“好”的意思。good用来修饰名词或放在系动词后面作表语，尤其指事物质量好，还可指令人愉快的、好心的或有益的等。nice表示“令人愉快的，好心的”。well作副词时用来修饰动词或形容词，表示“(做)得好”。作形容词时，只能表示“身体健康的”。* this/ these/ that/ those(1) Which book do you want to choose? I dont like this_ one. I like that _ one over there.(2) Come and see. these _ are your coats, arent they? - No, they arent. Those_ coats over there are mine.四个词都是指示代词，同时也可以起到形容词的作用。this这个，that那个，修饰或代替单数名词或名词性短语；而these这些，those那些，修饰或代替复数名词或名词性短语。this，these通常是近指(相对来说)；that, those通常是远指。* Excuse me/ Sorry (Im Sorry)(1) Excuse me_, may I borrow your dictionary, please?(2) Could you go shopping with me? -Sorry _, I have a lot of housework to do.(3) Excuse me_, which is the way to the bus stop?(4) Im sorry_ , I broke your glasses.(5) Im sorry_ _ about your illness.Excuse me主要用于下列场合：a) 问路、借东西等打扰或麻烦别人时： b) 和人交谈过程中，突然要离开一会儿或做点儿别的事时；c) 表示异议，客气地纠正别人的话时；d) 打喷嚏、打嗝等给别人带来不便时。Sorry/ Im sorry常用于下列场合：a) 自己做错了事或不能满足对方的要求时，表示歉意；b) 对别人的不幸遭遇或坏消息表示同情；c) 代替no，表示委婉的否定。* look like/ look the same(1) Look at the hat. It look like a cat.(2) They look the same. Are they twins.look like表示“看起来像，看上去像”，其后跟宾语，look the same表示“和看起来相同；看上去像”，后面不能跟宾语。* wear/ put on/ in+颜色(服装鞋帽)/ dress/ dress up/ try on(1) Tom, put on your shoes quickly. Its time for class.(2) The girl in red is my friend Kate.(3) My aunt often wears that blue dress.(4) The baby is too young to dress herself.(5) They dressed up and went to the party.(6) May I try on this jacket? I cant decide.它们都包含“穿”的意思。put on“穿上”，强调“穿，戴”的动作，是短暂性动词；wear/ in +颜色(服装鞋帽)则强调“穿着，戴着”的状态，wear是动词，作谓语；in+颜色(服装鞋帽)是介词短语，可作表语和定语；dress作及物动词“给穿衣”，后接人的名词或反身代词，不能接服装名词。如：She is dressing her son.dress还可以构成be/ get dressed in +服装鞋帽(颜色)。如：He gets well dressed. /She is dressed in red.dress up意为“化装，打扮”。* also/ either/ too/ as well(1) I also spent some time in Washington.(2) His father is a teacher and his mother is a teacher, too .(3) My father likes sports news as well.(4) Peter cant go and I cant, either .also也，而且。比as well和正式，通常置于主要动词之前或be动词之后。too也。主要用于非正式的口语，通常置于句末，可以用逗号隔开。as well也，还。在英式英语中与too相同，在美式英语中，显得正式，通常用在句末。either也，用于否定句尾。B7Units 3-4* some/ any(1) Would you like some more rice?(2) I want to buy an MP4, but I dont have any money.(3) -When shall I go to your home? -Any day is OK.(4) There are some holes in the wall.两词都表示“一些”。some 常用于肯定句中， any 常用于否定句和疑问句中。但注意：在表示请求的疑问句中要用some， any用于肯定句中表示“任何的”。* Thats all right/ All right/ Thats right(1) -Sorry, Im late. -Thats all right.(2) -I think English is useful . -Thats right.(3) - Lets go for a walk. -All right .Thats all right.是回答道歉用语，意思是“没关系”。 有时可用来回答感谢，表示“不客气”。All right 表示赞同，同意对方的建议或主张，表示“好吧”，相当于OK。 另外，可以表示身体健康，相当于fine。Thats right 表示同意对方观点，意思是“正确”，有时用You are right 或Right。* bring/ take(1) Dont put the box here. Take it there.(2) Dont forget to bring your homework to our class tomorrow.bring意为“带来，拿来”。 take意为“带走，拿走”* tell/ say/ speak/ talk(1) The woman is talking to the headmaster.(2) The radio says it will rain tomorrow. (3) Uncle Wang is speaking at the meeting now.(4) Father often tells stories to the children.(5) Can she speak Japanese?tell作为“讲述，告诉”，常见用法有：tell sb. sth. tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事。tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人做某事。 tell sb about sth.把某事告诉某人。tell a story 讲故事， tell jokes 讲笑话， tell a lie 撒谎。say 有“说，讲”的含义，侧重于说讲的内容，后面常接直接引语或间接引语，引出说话的具体内容。speak也有“说，讲”之意，但它侧重于说讲的动作，不强调内容。speak to “与-通话”. 如: May I speak to Mary? speak后也可接表示语言的词，表示“会说-语言”talk 作不及物动词，侧重于说讲的对象。常与介词构成短语talk about- 谈论关于-的内容talk to with 与-交谈 （注重谈话的对象）* both/ all(1) Both my parents are teachers.(2) He has lost all his money.(3) He has worked hard all year.二者都位于be动词、助动词之后，行为动词之前。both 表示“两者都”. all “三者及以上都”后接复数名词或不可数名词.它还能与单数名词连用,表明某事在某段时间内持续发生,意为“全部的，整个的”。* look/ see/ watch/ read(1) We see some trees near the river.(2) Look . There is a bird in the tree.(3) She is watching a football match.(4) I read a piece of newspaper every day.(5)Look at the picture. There is a boat in the river. 都有“看”的意思。look 不及物动词，强调“看”的动作。接宾语时，必须与介词at连用。see是及物动词，强调“看”的结果。watch是及物动词，是指有目的或仔细的“观看，注视”。read 是及物动词，主要指“看读”书,报纸,杂志等.强调“读”.* family/ home/ house/ room(1) Last week they moved to a new house .(2) I hear he has no home .(3) My family is a happy one.(4) Is there enough room for me in the car.前三个词都有“家”的意思，family 侧重于“家庭”，指社会结构的家庭，是集体名词。或指由父母，子女组成的家庭，强调家庭中的成员。home的意思是“家，住所”指居住的地方，包括家里设施，有时还指出生地。如：My home is in Shanghai.house 为“家”的意思侧重于房子，建筑物。room作可数名词时，意思是“房间”作不可数名词时是“空间”。 B7Units 5-6* a few/ few/ a little/ little(1) Few men can do it. It is too difficult.(2) I have a few friends. They often come to my home.(3) There is a little hope. Dont give up.(4) I understand little of his talk. I know nothing about it.a few表示肯定，意为“一些”，修饰可数名词。few表示否定，意为“几乎没有”，与a few一样，修饰可数名词。a little表示肯定，意为“一点点”，修饰不可数名词。little表示否定，意为“几乎没有”，修饰不可数名词。* how often/ how soon/ how long/ what time(1) How often do you go to the movie? - Seldom.(2) How long would you like to stay in Shanghai? - For about 3 weeks.(3) How soon will he come back? - Tomorrow.(4) What time do you usually go to bed? - At about seven oclock.how often询问动作出现的频率，可以用频度副词或单位时间内出现的次数来回答。how soon询问动作多久以后发生，答句用将来时。how long询问时间的长度。what time询问时刻(时点)。* borrow/ lend/ keep(1) May I borrow your knife?(2) Please lend it to me(3) You can keep them for 3 days.borrow是短暂性动词，指从别人那里借来东西。lend指把自己的东西借出去给别人，lend sb. sth.或lend sth. to sb.keep是持续性动词，可指“借多久”，可以接时间段。* put away/ put on/ put up/ put down(1) Its a little cold today. Put on your sweater.(2) The map is too old. Put up a new one instead of it.(3) May I put the heavy bag down and have a rest?(4) Look at your socks on the floor. Put them away .put away将收起，把放加原版。put on穿，戴，表演，上演。put up张贴，兴起。put down放下，记下。* in front of/ in the front of(1) Theres a blackboard in the front of the classroom.(2) Theres a playground in front of the classroom.in front of表示在某人或某物的前面，指自身以外的前面。in the front of表示在某物内部的前面。B7Units 7-8* watch sb. do sth. /watch sb. doing sth.(1) Did you watch an old man fall (fall) down the ground?(2) I watched the bird flying (fly) in the sky.watch sb. do sth.注视某人做了某事，强调看到动作的全过程。watch sb. doing sth.注视某人正在做某事，强调看到动作的一部分过程，强调看到正在进行的动作。如果表示动作已完成，一般用watch sb. do sth.类似的表达结构还有：see/ notice/ hear/ feel sb. do sth.如果表示动作正在进行，一般用watch sb. doing sth.类似的表达结构还有：see/ notice/ hear/ feel sb. doing sth.如：Listen, can you hear someone singing in the next room?听，你能听到隔壁有人唱歌吗？(表示动作正在进行)I often heard him sing in the next room last year.去年我常听见他在隔壁唱歌。(表示动作已完成)* each/ every(1) They each have different ideas.(2) Every boy knows it.each与every都可作形容词，此时可以互换。each one of us has his duty. = Every one of us has his duty.我们每个人都有自己的职责。each还可作副词和代词，指两个或两个以上人或物中的每一个，强调个体。在句中作主语、同位语、状语。Each of them drinks milk every day.他们每个人都天天喝牛奶。(主语)We each speak English well.我们每个人都能说流利的英语。(同位语)every只作形容词，在句中作定语，指三个或三个以上人或事物之中的每一个，强调全体。如： The sun shines every day.太阳每天照耀着大地。* cross/ across/ through/ past(1) Look both ways before you cross the road.(2) He walked across the field.(3) The ball went flying through the window.(4) Study some past exam paper to get an idea of the questions.四者都有“经过，通过”的意思，但词性和用法不同。cross意为“横过，穿过，越过，渡过”，为动词，相当于walk (go, run) across；across意为“横过，穿过”，为介词，不作动词，不能作谓语，常放在动词之后，如: go across, walk across等；through是介词，含有“从中间穿越”之意，表示四周含有物体的穿越。past既可作副词也可作形容词，作副词时有“穿越，经过”之意。如：The road runs across the plain.一条路横过平原。The river flows through the city.这条河从城市穿过。作形容词时有“以前的，刚过去的”之意。如：In the past year, Shane changed jobs three times.在过去一年里莎恩换了三次工作。* sometimes/ some times/ sometime/ some time(1) Sometimes I go to bed very late.(2) President Hu came to the United States some times last year.(3) Well take a vacation sometime in September.(4) I want to live with my parents for some time this summer.这四个短语看似相同，但用法区别很大。sometimes是个频度副词，意为“有时，时而”，用来说明现在或过去的行为。如：Maria sometimes takes the subway home.有时玛丽亚乘地铁回家。some times是“几次”之意，time是可数名词，表“次数”；sometime可作副词，意为“(将来或过去的)某个时候”。如：Our house was built sometime around 1990.我们的房子建于1990年左右。sometime还可作形容词，放在名词前，意为“曾经的，以前的”。如：Mr. Wang, the sometime headmaster of our school, is friendly to everyone.王先生，我们学校的前任校长，对每个人都很友好。some time意为“一段时间”。如：Last year, he stayed at home for some time.去年，他在家待了一段时间。* hope/ wish(1) I hope it will be fine tomorrow.(2) I wish I were taller.(3) I hope to see you soon.(4) I wish myself to be a fairy.这两个词作为动词都可表示祝愿。在表示愿望时，hope接从句用来表达可能实现的愿望；wish接从句则表示这种愿望不可能实现，只是一种假设。这两个动词都可接不定式作定语，wish后可接动词不定式作宾语补足语的复合宾语结构，而hope不能。这两个词还可以作名词。如：I have no hope of going with him.我不希望同他一起去。Give my best wishes to you.给你我最美好的祝愿。* happen/ take place/ break out(1) What happen to Michael at the party?(2) Great changes have taken place in China in recent year.happen和take place都是不及物动词，均指发生。happen是一般用语，表示偶然发生。如：No one knows what happened to him?没有人知道他发生了什么事？take place意为必然的发生，有迹象的、可预见性的发生，没有偶然的意思。如：The wedding ceremony took place last week.婚礼上周举行。B8Unit 1* play with/ play against/ play for(1)Our team will play against Class Three next Saturday.(2)A group of kids were play with a ball in the street.(3)Does Yao Ming play for the Houston Rockets in the NBA?play with 玩耍，游戏，玩乐，与-玩耍play against 同-比赛play for 为-效力* quickly/ fast/ soon1.Dont drive so fast .2.They will be home soon .3.I cant run faster than my brother.4. I quickly realized that I was on the wrong train.5. She sold the house soon after her husband die.quickly 迅速的，很快的。强调动作迅速敏捷，而不是强调运动本身的速度fast 快速，快。强调动作速度迅速，侧重指运动的物体。soon很快，马上，不久。强调时间快。* arrive in/ arrive at/ reach/ get to（1）What time did he arrive at the village?（2）At last , we reached the base camp. (大本营)（3）You can easily get to the city center from here.（4）They will arrive in Tokyo in two days.arrive 不及物动词 后跟at 或in. arrive at 后跟小地方，到达某个具体地点，如乡村，车站，建筑物等。arrive in后跟大地方， 到达某国家或大城市。reach 到达，抵达。 及物动词，后面直接跟宾语。get 是不及物动词，其后接介词to.* maybe/ may be(1) Maybe he is at home now.(2) He may be wrong, but were not sure.二者都有“大概，也许”之意。maybe是副词，常位于语首作状语，句子中还有谓语动词。may be 是“情态动词+be动词”结构。句中没有其他谓语。* leave/ leave for/ leavefor（1） He left his hometown last week.（2） I am leaving for New York next week to see my good friends there.（3）We will leave Beijing for Shanghai. leave常作动词表示go away (from )“离开”, leave a place 是指“离开某地”。leave for +地点名词，表示“动身去，前往”leave A for B, 意为“离开A地去B地”。* turn on/ turn off/ turn up/ turn down/ close/ open(1) Paul, could you please turn down the TV a little? Its too noise.(2)Turn off the light when you leave.(3) Turn on the TV. Lets watch the play together.(4) Open your mouth, and say “ah”.(5) The music was turned up loud and they danced crazily. (6) I close my eyes against the bright light.turn on 与turn off 为反义词组，turn on 打开，接通（电流，煤气，水等）turn off关掉，切断（电流，煤气，水等）。turn up 与turn down 互为反义词组， turn up 开大，调高（音量，热量等）：turn down 把-调低，关小close 闭上，关，关闭（门，窗，盒子等）open 张开，打开，开启（门，窗，盒子等）* shout at/ shout to(1) The children shouted to the driver, but he did not hear them.(2) If you dont stop shouting at me, I will come and hit you.shout to sb 表示“大声叫某人”，多因距离远，声音小听不见。 shout at sb 表示“因生气或故意对某人大喊大叫”有无礼之意.B8Unit 2* too much/ much too/ too many(1) There are too many mistakes in the passage.(2) Eating too much candy is bad for your teeth.(3) The problem is much too easy for them.too many太多，用于修饰名词复数。too much修饰不可数名词。much too太，常用于修饰副词或形容词。* sick/ ill(1) The sick child needs help.(2) His grandma is still sick/ ill in bed.sick生病的，有病的。主要用于美式英语，可以用作定语，也可以用作表语ill与sick同义，ill主要用于英式英语，且通常不作定语，只用作表语。* must/ have to/ mustnt/ dont have to(1) We must work hard.(2) It rained yesterday and we had to stay at home.(3) Look at the sign. You mustnt smoke in the sleeping car.(4) You dont have to clean the room right now. You can do it tomorrow.must表示“必须”时，着重于说话人主观上认为有必要，有义务；have to +动词原形，表示“不得不，必须”，着重于客观的需要；mustnt指“告诫某人一定不要做某事”；dont have to指“不必；没有必要”。* a lot of/ plenty of/ a number of(1) There are _ people in the park on Sundays.(2) You should drink _ water, and have a good rest.a lot of= lots of表示大量的，许多。既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词；plenty of与a lot of同义，既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词；a number of表示许多，大量的。修饰可数名词。* among/ between(1) There is a village between the two rivers.(2) The teacher is sitting among the children. among指三者或三者以上之间；between一般指两者之间。* question/ problem(1) Can you answer my question?(2) Nobody can work out the math problem.question问题，意思较广，一般指需要回答或解答的问题，通常与answer搭配；problem问题，常指存在的需要解决的难题或数学、物理中需要解的难题。通常与solve, work out搭配。B8Unit 3* go on doing sth./ go on to do sth./ go on with sth.(1) After he finished his homework, he A a novel.(2) After he had a rest, he B his work.(3) He said nothing but just C the article.A. went on to readB. went on withC. went on readinggo on doing sth.表示不受任何影响仍然继续做原来的事情。go on to do sth.表示做完某事后紧接着又继续做另一件(不同的)事情。go on with sth.在做某事中间被打断后继续做被打断前做的事情。* interesting/ interested(1) What an interesting movie!(2) Im interested in the eresting指某物(事)“有趣的，有吸引力的”；interested指人“对感兴趣”，后常跟介词in;后辍-ing和-ed的形容词原则上是：后辍-ing的形容词多用来描述事物；后辍-ed的形容词多用来描述人。如：tiring引起疲劳的，tired(人)感到疲劳的exciting令人激动的，excited(人)感到激动的，兴奋的surprising令人惊讶的，surprised(人)感到惊讶的boring无聊的，bored(人)感到无聊的* tooto/ enough to/ sothat(1) The child is too young to go to school.(2) They boy is not tall enough to reach the apples on the tree.(3) The girl is so young that she cant draw a picture.tooto意为“太而不能(做)”，表示否定意义，其结构为too+ adj. /adv. +to +v.;enough to do意为“足够做”，to后跟动词原形；sothat意为“如此以至于”，其结构为so +adj. /adv. +that +从句，引导一个结果状语从句。sothat引导结果状语从句。如：The boy is so angry that he cant say anything.这个男孩如此生气，以至于说不出话来。The students study hard so that they can make their dreams come true.为了实现梦想，同学们努力学习。* please/ pleasant/ pleased/ pleasure(1) Come in, please.(2) It gives me much pleasure to be with you.(3) Our English teacher is a very C young man.A. please B. pleased C. pleasant D. pleasure(4) Im very B to hear the news.A. please B. pleased C. pleasant D. pleasureplease动词，意为“请，使人高兴”。还可以作感叹词，意为“请”，通常用于祈使句或表示请求，邀请的句子中，用于句末时前面通常用逗号隔开；pleasant形容词，意为“使人快乐的，令人满意的”，用来说明人时表示“使别人愉快或招人喜欢”；pleased形容词，意为“感到高兴或满意”，be pleased之后可接介词with, about, at或不定式和从句；pleasure名词，意为“愉快；高兴；使人愉快的事物”。B8Unit 4* if/ weather(1)He doesnt mind _they are good or not.(2)I want to know _ it is going to rain tomorrow.(3) _ this is true or not, I can not say. (4)I havent decided _ to go the cinema or to stay at home.(5)I havent settled the question of_ Ill go back homeWhether后可接or not，即whetheror not意为“不论是否”Whether引导的宾语从句可移到主句前，if则不能 不定式前用Whether，而不用if。介词后用Whether，而不用if。* take the place of/ take ones place/ in place of/ take place(1)Mr. Wu will _Miss Chen to teach us English term. (2)There is no room for you now. _ , please.(3)Mr Wu will teach us English _Miss Chen this term.(4)The film festival _ in October.Take the place of和 take ones place均为动词短语，意思分别是“代替某人的职务”，“坐某人的座位”。前者须接宾语；后者不接宾语。“现在没有空位了”， Take my placeIn place of意为“代替”，是介词短语，多做状语。 take place 指“(根据安排或计划)举行；发生”。* live/ living/ alive/ lively(1)Have you seen a _dinosaur?(2)Is the snake _or dead?(3)What a_ girl she is! (4)Her story is _and interestingLive,living 和alive都可作形容词，意思是“活着的，有生命的”。 Live和living用法相同，可作表语或定语，而alive多作表语，作定语时，一般放在它所修饰的名词后；live用作形容词时还可译为“现场直播的；现场演出的”。lively作形容词，意为“活泼的，生动的，充满活力”。* with +sth./ by +sth.(1)She was killed _a falling tree.(2)She cut the apple _a knife.(3)-How did you write the letter?-I wrote it _a ball pen.with+东西表示行为主体（人）把该东西当作具体工具使用。by+东西表示该东西是行为的主体还可表示方式，“通过”的意思* look for/ find/ find out(1)You can _the book shop corner of the street.(2)I _her very beautiful.(3)The police are_ the missing woman everywhere.(4)Read the story and _the answers to the questions.look for意为“寻找”，是有目的的寻找，强调“寻找”这一动作。find意为“找到，发现，发觉”，通常指找到或发现客凤存在的具体的东西或偶然发现某物或某种情况，强调找的结果。find out意为“找出，发现，查明”，多指通过调查、询问、打听、研究之后得也某种答案、结论。B8Unit 5* used to do sth./ be (get) used to (doing) sth./ be used for(1)I_ go to school on foot, but now I always ride a bike to school. (2)Jack has lived in Shanghai for three years, so he_ the life there(3)Michael has _the hard work.(4)The glass_ storing brushes by my grandfather now. used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”，表示现在已发生变化。be used to do sth. / sth.意为“习惯于”，后面接动名词或名词。be use for是被动结构，指某物的用途。* deal with/ do with(1)I dont know what to _all the food thats left over.(2)How do you _your problems?deal with 意为“解决，处理，就会”，当表达“如何处理？”时，疑问词常用howdo with意为“处理，打发，安排”，与deal with都可作“处理”讲，但疑问词常用what* spend/ take/ cost/ pay(1)The girl _thirty yuan on the scarf yesterday.(2)How much did that shirt _you?(3)I _five dollars for the book just now.(4)I _ me two hours to finish my homework every might.(5)Ill _ for the tickets.(6)They _half a day visiting the Great Wall.四者都有花费的意思。spend后接金钱或时间，常用结构为sb. spends money/time on sth.或sb. spen