摘要中的常见句型1.doc

Useful Expressions1. 有关study的常用句型A prospective study was done of serum calcitonin levels in 61 patients with bronchogenic cancer. 对61例支气管癌患者血清降钙素水平进行了前瞻性研究。 Echocardiographic studies were performed on 190 consecutive patients with mitral valvular prolapse. 对190例持续二尖瓣脱垂病人进行了超声心动图研究。 Eleven patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy underwent extensive neuromuscular studies to determine if a skeletal myopathy is associated with uncomplicated primary cardiomyopathy. 对11例肥厚型梗阻性心肌病患者进行了广泛的神经肌肉研究，以确定骨骼肌肉病变是否与原发性心肌病有关。 In an uncontrolled study, 38 patients with chronic asthma were treated for up to 4.5 years with depot injections of triamcinolone acetonide. 在一项随机研究中，38例慢性哮喘患者接受了长达4.5年曲安奈德注射治疗。2 有关各种诊断检查与手术治疗的句型 Ultrasonography was performed on 37 patients with proven cancer of the pancreas. 对37例证实为胰腺癌的病人进行了超声检查。 Thirty-three patients over a 21-year period underwent thoracotomy for resection of suspected pulmonary metastases from malignant melanoma. 在21年里，有33例患者因疑为恶性黑色素瘤肺转移而作了开胸切除术。3 表达测定的句型 Serum high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol was measured in 2568 men attending a screening center. 对来普查中心的2568名男性作了血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量的测定。The concentration of cyclic adenosine 3, 5-monophosphate in 16 cerebrospinal fluid samples from eight patients with bacterial meningitis due to several different organisms was determined. 测定由几种不同病原体引起的八个细菌性脑膜患者的16份脑脊液样本中 cAMP浓度。Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin activity was measured by radio-receptor assay in sera from patients with Gravess disease, Hashimotos thyroiditis, and thyroid cancer. 用放射受体检查方法对Graves氏病、桥本氏甲状腺炎及甲状腺癌患者血清中的甲状腺刺激免疫球蛋白活性作了测定。4 表达剂量的句型Indoprofen was given in a dose of 200mg four times daily for one week. 给予吲哚洛芬200毫克，每日4次，为期一周。Therapy with gentamycin in a dose of atenolol was given to 12 healthy subjects. 给予12个正常人相当于阿替洛尔剂量的庆大霉素治疗。The patient was treated with penbritin in a dosage of 4g/day. 用氨苄青霉素每日4克的剂量治疗病人。This study compares the relative efficacy of b.i.d. and q.i.d. maintenance dosage schedule of methyldopa in patients with uncomplicated hypertension. 这项研究比较了对无并发症的高血压患者，甲基多巴的维持剂量每日两次和每日三次的效果。The initial dose was 5 mg, and subsequent daily doses were 10 mg, 20 mg, 30 mg and 50 mg. Thereafter, 50 mg was instilled two or three times a week to a total dose of 500 mg. 首次量为5mg，接着每天剂量为10mg,20mg,30mg,40mg.50mg。以后每周滴注2-3次， 每次50mg，直到总剂量达500mg为止。Azathioprine, 125 mg/day, was restarted after recovery from the bone marrow suppression, and prednisone, 10 mg/day, was continued. 在骨髓抑制恢复后，仍继续使用泼尼松，每天10mg，并重新启用硫唑嘌呤，每天12.5mg。5 表达年龄的句型 Trauma and blood transfusion led to profound, persistent infectious mononucleosis in a 21 year old man. 一例21岁男性患者，因外伤和输血引起重度持续性传染性单核细胞增多症。 Age is associated with slightly lower triiodothyronine levels, but only in men of 60 years or older or in women of 80 years or older. 三碘甲状腺氨酸含量偏低与年龄有关。但这种情况仅见于60岁以上的男性或80岁以上的妇女。 Of the 32 patients with tuberculous lymphadenitis treated during the eight-year period, 20 were females aged 15 to 76 years and 12 were males aged 25 to 50 years.在为期8年中，我们治疗了32例结核性淋巴结炎，其中20例为女性 (年龄在1576岁)，12例为男性 (年龄在2550岁)。6 与时间有关的句型During a ten year period, 82 patients with ureteral obstruction, secondary to metastatic disease were seen。在十年中我们诊治了82例继发于转移性肿瘤的输尿管梗阻患者。 A total of 14 autopsies were performed on patients treated by chemo-immunotherapy alone during the 1984-1988 period. 在1974-1976年间，对单独使用化学免疫治疗的14例患者进行尸检。 A rejection episode occurred two months after the transplantation. 排斥反应发生于移植后2个月。 Improvement in renal function occurred after three weeks of cyclophosphamide and prednisone therapy.环磷酰胺和强的松治疗3星期后肾功能出现改善。7 各种数值的表达方法Survival following splenectomy averaged 25.5 months。脾切除术后平均存活时间25.5个月。On the twenty-third day following injury, urine volumes averaging from 50 to 100 ml per 24 hours were obtained. 在伤后第二十三天，尿量每14个小时由50增加至100毫升。The mean age of the experimental group was 40 years.实验组平均年龄40岁。 The median survival for the 10 patients was 19 months. 10个病人存活时间中位数是19个月。Of these patients 6 achieved a partial response with an average duration of more than 6 months. 这些病人中有6个得到了部分反应，并且平均持续时间超过6个月。 Patients ranged in age from 10 to 82 years with a median of 53 years. 病人年龄分布从10岁倒82岁不等，中位数53岁。 Initial laboratory studies includes the following: arterial blood gases showing an oxygen tension of 52 mmHg, a carbon dioxide tension of 29 mmHg, a pH of 7.84, a hemoglobin level of 12.6 g/dl, a white blood count of 600/mm3. 初步实验研究包括以下内容：动脉血气分析显示氧分压52毫米汞柱，二氧化碳分压29毫米汞柱，pH值为7.48，血红蛋白水平12.6g/dl，白细胞计数600/mm3。 Primary myocardial infection without known underlying disease accounted for (占) only 4 of 17 infections. 原发性心肌感染 (不包括已知的潜在疾病) 只占感染性疾病的4/17。The relationship of antibody-coated bacterial to clinical syndromes was: asymptomatic bacteriuria, 15%; cystitis, 8%; acute hemorrhagic cystitis, 67%; prostatitis, 67%; and acute pyelonephritis, 62%. 抗体包裹细菌与临床综合征的关系是：无症状性菌尿，15%，膀胱炎，8%；急性出血性膀胱炎67%，前列腺炎，67%：急性肾盂肾炎，62%。8 与倍数有关的表达The arterial pressure might rise simultaneously to about 1.6 times that of normal. 同时动脉压力可能会比正常上升约1.6倍。 The left ventricle has approximately twice the thickness of the right ventricle.左心室大约两倍于右心室的厚度。The volume of the systemic circulation is about 7 times that of the pulmonary system. 体循环的量大约是肺循环的7倍。 The hallmark of the inflammatory process is a four to fivefold, or more, elevation of serum transaminase levels. 血清转胺酶浓度升高4-5倍以上，是炎症过程的标志。9 与比率有关的表达 The male: female ratio was 2:3. 男女比例2:3 A retrospective survey of patients with infective endorcarditis showed a male/female of 1.5:1. 对感染性心内膜炎患者的回顾性调查结果显示，男性/女性的比例为1.5:1。 The male/female ratio has falling steadily and now stands at about 1.2 for hospitalizations and about 1.5 for deaths. 男女之比逐渐下降，目前男女住院之比约为1.2:1，死亡数之比约为1.5:1。10 表达范围的句型 Serum salicylate concentrations ranged between 30 and 40 mg/100 ml. 血清水杨酸盐浓度在3040mg/100ml之间。Their mean age was 34.8 with a range of 14 to 56 years. 他们的年龄在1456岁之间，平均为34.8岁。The dosage used for intravenous infusion varies from 1 g/min to 20 g/min, usually ranging between 3 and 19g/min. 静脉输液使用的剂量从1微克/分钟至20微克/分钟不等，通常在3至19微克/分钟。More expressions1) A (clinical, randomized controlled, prospective, epidemiological ) study was (conducted, performed, undertaken, made, done, and carried out) in patients 2) patients underwent (entered, were enrolled in) a study3) In a study, patients4) Something (the characteristics) were studied in patientsE.g.: (1) 我们对一组正常人及10例甲状腺机能亢进患者进行了血浆C-AMP及C-GMP水平的研究。The plasma levels of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP were studied in a group of normal subjects and 10 patients with hyperthyroidism.(2) 我们进行了一次前瞻性研究，对73例用洋地黄维持治疗的患者作了临床检查。In a prospectively study, 73 patients on maintenance digitalis treatment were clinically examined. 检查或手术名称+was done / performed+in (on) .patients(3) 82例长期接受阿斯匹林治疗的风湿病患者作了内腔镜检查。Endoscopy was done in 82 patients with rheumatic disease who were receiving chronic aspirin therapy.Patients +underwent+检查或手术名称(4) 我们对25例肝功能异常但无肝病症状或体征的患者作了活检。25 patients with abnormal liver function but no symptoms or signs of liver disease underwent liver biopsy.(5) 治疗后一周与治疗一周后One week after treatment / After one week of treatment(6) 本实验证明乙脑病人在病后第2-6天血液中已能查到IgM抗体The experiments demonstrated that IgM antibody could be detected in the patients serum after 2-6 days of onset of disease. OR: The experiments demonstrated that IgM antibody could be detected in the patients serum on 2-6 days after onset of disease.(7) The patient had a relapse after 2 months of continuous remission. (持续缓解20个月以后)(8) The patient has remained well after one-year follow up. (随访一年后)(9) Regardless of their test results, most patients symptoms improved in the several months after the test. (试验后几个月)(10) Fifteen of 28 patients has antigen detected within 72 hours after diagnosis. (诊断后72小时内)(11) The mean (平均) serum total protein was 8.5g/dl. Serum albumin averaged (平均) 3.6g/dl. Serum creatinine averaged (平均) 1.2mg/dl. 13 of 14 patients (14例患者中有13例) had normal serum calcium with a mean value of 9.7mg/dl (平均值为9.7mg/dl). The mean (平均) uric acid was 6.8mg/d