高考翻译讲座及其答案.doc

III.段落翻译Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.A.When we think of Egypt we think of pyramids. We picture them as they would have appeared when first built between 4,000 and 5,000 years ago, alone and enormous, out in the desert, a heroic attempt to establish a mans presence in seemingly limitless flat space.当我们想到埃及时，就想到金字塔。在我们的想象中，它们正如四、五千年前刚建时那样，无依无傍，气势磅礴地屹立于沙漠之中，体现了人类立志要在那片广阔无垠的空间表现自身存在的英雄壮举。B.Many people become depressed because they feel a tremendous gap between the way their life is and the way they think it ought to be. Shorter and overcast days make many people, especially women, feel depressed. If you think someones depressed, dont underestimate the value of friendship.许多人心情沮丧是因为他们感到他们现在的生活和他们认为应该拥有的生活差距很大.昼短夜长和阴天会使许多人,特别是妇女,心情不好。如果你认为某人心情不好,不要低估友情的力量。C.If your friend or relative is sad or weepy, dont gloss over her troubles. Instead, encourage her to talk. Ask open-ended questions like “ You havent seemed yourself lately. Is something going on?” Then listen. Be empathetic. Assure her of your friendship, your ongoing support and caring, but dont offer false reassurance: She may think you dont understand her despondency, and shell feel even more alone.如果你的朋友或亲友感到悲伤或者是泪眼汪汪,不要忽视她的苦恼,应该鼓励她说出来.可以泛泛地问些问题,如: “最近好像有点不对劲。出了什么事了吗？”然后倾听她诉说, 设身处地地为她想想。要让她意识到你的友情，你在给她支持和关切，但不要空洞地劝她安下心来：因为她会认为你不理解她的沮丧心情，她会更感孤独。 IV.语篇翻译Translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.A.Young people should have the right to control and direct their own learning, that is, to decide what they want to learn, and when, where, how, how much, how fast, and with what help they want to learn. (1) To be still more specific, I want to have the right to decide if, when, how much, and by who they want to be taught and the right to decide whether they want to learn in a school and if so which one and for how much of the time. （1更具体地说，我想要有权来决定是否上学、什么时候上学、学多少、谁来教，以及有权来决定是否要在学校学，如果学的话，在哪一所学校学及学多长时间。）No human right, except the right to life itself, is more fundamental than this. A persons freedom of learning is part of his freedom of thought, even more basic than his freedom of speech. If we take from someone his right to decide what he will be curious about, we destroy his freedom of thought. (2) We say, in effect, you must think not about what interests and concerns you, but about what interests and concerns us. 实际上在说，你一定不要考虑你感兴趣和所关注的事情，而是要考虑我们感兴趣和所关注的事情。This right of each us to control our learning is now in danger. When we put into our laws the highly authoritarian notion that someone should and could decide what all young people were to learn and beyond that, could do whatever might seem necessary ( which now includes dosing them with drugs) to compel them to learn it, we took a long step down a very steep and dangerous path. The requirement that a child go to school, for about six hours a day, 180 days a year, for about ten years, whether or not he learns anything there, whether or not he already knows it or could learn it faster or better somewhere else, is such a gross violation of civil liberties that few adults would stand for it. But the child who resists is treated as a criminal. (3) With this requirement we created an industry, an army of people whose whole work was to tell young people what they had to learn and to try to make them learn it. 由于有了这项要求，我们创立了一个产业，一个劳动大军，其全部的工作就是告诉年轻人他们该学什么并让他们来学。Some of these people, wanting to exercise even more power over others, or to be even more “helpful”, are now beginning to say, (4) “If compulsory education is good for children, why wouldnt it be good for everyone?” “要是强迫式教育对孩子们有益，那怎么就不会让所有的人都受益呢？”(5) They are beginning to talk, as one man did on a nationwide TV show, about “womb-to-tomb” schooling. 正如在全国联网的电视节目中一个人所说的那样，人们开始谈论“从出生到坟墓”式的教育了。If hours of homework every night are good for the young, why wouldnt they good for us all -they would keep us away from the TV set and other frivolous pursuits. Some group of experts, somewhere, would be glad to decide what we all ought to know and then very so often check up on us to make sure we knew it -with, of course, appropriate penalties if we did not.B.(6) The greatest results in life are usually attained simple means, and the exercise of ordinary qualities. 人生的最大成就通常是通过简单的方法、运用一般能力而获得的。The common life of every day, with its cares, necessities for acquiring experience of the best kind; and its most beaten paths provide the true worker with abundant scope for effort and room for self-improvement. (7) The road of human welfare lies along the old highway of steadfast well-doing; and they who are the most persistent, and work in the truest spirit, will usually be the most successful. 人生的幸福之路与一成不变积德行善的老路并行。最执着的并以最真诚的精神工作的人，通常是最成功的人。(8) Fortune has often been blamed for blindness; but fortune is not so blind as men are. 人们常常指责运气具有盲目性，但是运气并不象人那么盲目。Those who look into practical life will find that that fortune is usually on the side of the industrious, as the winds and waves are on the side of the best navigators. In the pursuit of even the highest branches of human inquiry, the commoner qualities are found the most useful -such as common sense, attention, application, and perseverance.(9) Genius may not be necessary, though genius of the highest sort does not disdain the use of these ordinary qualities. 虽然最伟大的天才并不鄙视一般能力的运用，但是并不一定非得具备天才。The very greatest men have been among the least believers in the power of genius, and as worldly wise and persevering as successful men of the commoner sort. Some have even defined genius to be only common sense intensified. A distinguished teacher and president of a college spoke of it as the power of making efforts. John Foster held it to be the power of lighting ones own fire. Buffon said of genius, “it is patience”.Newtons was unquestionably a mind of the very highest order, and yet, when asked by what means he had worked out his extraordinary discoveries, he modestly answered, “By always thinking unto them.” At another time he thus expressed his method of study: “ I keep the subject continually before me, and wait till the first dawns open slowly by little and little into a full and clear light.” It was in Newtons case, as in every other, only by diligent application and perseverance that his great reputation was achieved. Even his recreation considered in change of study, laying down one subject to take up another. (10) To Dr. Bentley he said: “ If I have done the public any service, it is due to nothing but industry and patient thought.” 牛顿曾对本特博士说，“如果说我为大众做了贡献的话，那就是因为勤奋与耐心的思考。”Try to Translate the following sentences:在英语口语中，有些句子是很难从字面去理解的，因此掌握一定量的英语口语、习语对于我们的理解和交流是不无裨益的。请尝试翻译以下句子：1. He is a bit trying today.2. Dont ask me. Im all at sea now.3. Tell us whats happening. Were all ears.4. I owe you money? Thats all my eye! I have never borrowed money from you!5. Are you telling me ?6. He was just set free from the prison and he was nothing but a bag of bones.7. Im beat. 8. It beats me. 9. Beat it!10.He is always blowing hot and cold.1. What we have to do now is to break the ice.2. Money always burns a hole in that boys pocket.3. Let bygones be bygones.4. Dont you think you are carrying coat to Newcaster?5. You are a chicken. Thats why you dont climb the tree.6. Thats a close shave. Dont risk it.7. Believe it or not, he is crying wolf again.8. What? $1000 for a bike? Thats daylight robbery!9. I received a dear John letter from my girl-friend last week.10. No taste at all. Its just like dish-water.译文：1 他今天有点惹人烦。2 不要问我，我啥也 不清楚。3 告诉我们发生了什么事，我们这儿正听着呢。4 我欠你钱？简直胡说八道！我从来没借过你的钱。5 用得着你告诉我吗？6 他刚被从牢房里释放出来，简直是骨瘦如柴。7 7。我很累！8 真让我莫名其妙。9 滚开！10 他有点反复无常。11 我们现在要做的就是打破僵局。12 那个男孩花钱如流水。13 过去的事就让它过去吧。14 你不觉得这是多此一举吗？15 你是胆小鬼，才不敢爬树呢！16 那样极其危险，别冒险。17 信不信由你，他又骗人了。18 什么！1000美圆买一辆自行车？不是宰人吗？19 我上周收到女友的绝交信。20 毫无味道，像是刷锅水。翻译专项练习：I.词组翻译1. braided hair 2. work-gnarled hand 3. a sea of shouting 4. ecstatic “Amens”5. hushed silence 6. wonderful sunset 7. speechless rapture 8. blind place9. potential opponent 10. feverish haste 11. black sheep 12. 5 times as fast as.13. 10 times the size of 14. rise 2.3% 15. shorten 10 times 16. rise to 1500 yuan17. reduce by 3000 yuan 18. treble the production 19. ten to ten 20. blue chip21. bring down the house 22. pull sbs leg 23. think aloud 24. call sb. by his name25. call sb. names译文：1梳成辫子的头发 2、因劳作而粗糙的手 3、人声沸腾 4、沉醉的祷告5、寂然无声 6、辉煌的落日 7、无言的喜悦 8、隐蔽地段9潜在的敌人 10、极度匆忙 11、害群之马 12、是、速度的5倍，比、快4倍 13、是、大小的10倍14、增加千分之二十三 15、缩短9/10，缩短到原来的1/1016、提高到1500元 17、减少了3000元 18、产量增加了两倍19、十有八九，很可能 20、（股票）绩优股 21、满堂喝彩22、开某人的玩笑 23、自言自语 24、叫某人的名字 25、辱骂某人II.句子翻译（1 至6题请用措词法）1. After a long time thinking, he got a good idea.2. The car in front of the stalled, and I missed the green.3. The color of clothes varies greatly, and I prefer the green.4. There is a mixture of the tiger and the fox in the character of the old Brown.5. If you continue misdoing, you will get a bad future.6. They believe that the youth will have a bright future.（7至12题请用词类转译法）7. The thought of her lost son made the poor mother sad and painful.8. The operation of the computer needs some knowledge of its performance.9. My love for her grew more.10. She refused your invitation with reason.11. I am totally for your idea.12. He was away before dawn.（13 至18题请用增词法）13. I had thought he would come on time, but it seems that he will lose his words.14. The chief manager has an important meeting this afternoon.15. After the lunch, I went directly to the meeting of the no-smoking community.16. In the evening, after the banquet, the concert and the table tennis exhibition, he would work on drafting of the plan.17. Tom seldom opened his mouth, but once he began to talk, the words poured out.18. China and America can cooperate with each other in many fields.（19至24题请用省略法）19. If winter comes, can spring be far behind?20. When at last he stood upon the bluff, he turned to his little sister and looked upon her sorrowfully.21. Most Americans have great vigor and enthusiasm.22. He is not well today, but he still comes to class.23. In September 1939, the Second World War broke out.24. The Americans have a passion fro grandeur.（25至30题请用语态转译法）25. She hadnt been told what the mans name is, or shed forgotten it.26. The visitor was flattered and impressed.27. The whole country was armed in a few days.28. The president was given a warm welcome by the people.29. It is well known that Chinese people is a great people.30. It will be seen from this that carelessness is the cause of the accident.（31至36题请用重复法）31. This is our position, but not others.32. You can borrow whichever novel on the bookshelf you like best.33. Day and night we work hard, not for ourselves, but for the state.34. Kate opened her eyes. They were filled tears.35. Each country has its own customs.36. Some played football, some played basketball, and others played tennis.（37至42题请用正说反译，反说正译法）37. Please be in a hurry, or we will miss the train.38. The brave soldiers would fight to death before they surrender.39. Dont lose time in posting this letter.40. Stop talking nonsense!41. She came into the room with no shoes on.42. The little girl is too young to go to school.（43至48题请用综合调整法）43. What the nation thinks and worries about we should think and worry about.44. I am going to see my grandmother, who is ill in bed, to take her some fresh-baked cakes that my mother has made for her.45. The crops failed because the season was dry.46. He pushed open the door gently and stole out of the room for fear that he should awake her.47. She is very busy at home. She has to take care of the children and to do the kitchen work.48. And he knew how ashamed he would have been if she had known his mother and the kind of place in which he was born, and the kind of people among whom he was born.译文：1 寻思良久，他得一妙计。2 我前头那辆车停住了，我错过了绿灯。3 衣服颜色千差万别，我则喜欢绿色。4 老布朗的性格即残暴又狡猾。5 如果 你继续作恶，是不会有好下场的。6 他们相信那年轻人会有锦绣前程。7 一想到她死去的儿子，那位可怜的母亲就感到悲伤痛苦。8 操作电脑需要懂得电脑的一些性能。9 我越来越喜欢她。10 她有理由拒绝你的邀请。11 我完全赞同你的想法。12 他是黎明前出发的。13 我原以为他会准时来， 但是现在看来他要失言。14 下午总经理有个重要的会议要参加。15 午饭后，我便直接去参加禁烟团体举行的会议。16 在参加宴会、出席音乐会、观看乒乓球表演赛之后，他还得起草那项计划。17 汤姆很少开口讲话，但一旦讲开了，他就滔滔不绝地讲个没完。18 中美两国在许多领域可以相互合作。19 冬天来了，春天还会远吗？20 最后他站到悬崖上，转过身来，忧郁地看着他的妹妹。21 大多数美国人精力充沛，热情高涨。22 他今天身体不好，但还是来上课了。23 1939年九月，第二次世界大战爆发。24 美国人酷爱豪华的气派。25 人家没告诉过她那个男人的名字，要不然也许是她忘了。26 那位客人受宠若惊，深为感动。27 几天内全国都武装起来了。28 总统受到了人们的热烈欢迎。29 众所周知，中华民族是个伟大的民族。30 由此可见，粗心是引发事故的原因。31 这是我们的立场，而不是他人的立场。32 书架上的小说你最喜欢哪一本就借哪一本。33 我们日日夜夜辛勤工作，不为自己，而为国家。34 凯特睁开眼睛，眼力充满了泪水。35 各国有各国的风格。36 踢足球的踢足球，打篮球的打篮球，玩网球的玩网球。37 请快点，不然我们赶不上火车了。38 勇士们宁愿战斗到死也决不投降。39 赶快把这封信寄出去。40 别胡说八道。41 她光着脚走进房间。42 这小女孩年龄太小了，上不了学。43 我们应想国家之所想，急国家之所急。44 我去看病在床上的祖母，给她带些妈妈刚烤好的蛋糕。45 因为气候干旱，作物歉收。46 为了不惊醒她，他轻轻推开房门，然后悄悄地溜出去。47 她在家很忙，又要带着孩子，又要下厨做饭。48 他出生在这样一类人中间，他出生在这种地方，他有这样的母亲；这些要是让她知道的话，他知道那该多么丢人。III.段落翻译(1)As more people live closer together, and as they use machines to produce leisure, they find that their leisure, and even their working hours, become spoilt by a by-product of their machines-namely, noise.(2)Because much of the past learning experience of foreign students may have been for the purposes of passing examinations, they might be inclined to put off studying until late in the term. Such behavior can result in failure in the United States system, where assignments must be completed on time and done regularly each day.(3)Ironically, the oceans are more important to the survival of mankind than ever before. Today there are more people living on the surface of our planet than have inhabited it during the entire history of the human race. A population that has taken us more than 500,000 years to reach will double again in just the next century.(4)As I approve of a youth that has something of the old man in him, so I am no less pleased with an old man that has something of the youth. He that follows this rule may be old in body, but can never be so in mind.(5)In theory, then, everyone should have an equal interest in keeping an orderly line. In practice, the interest varies depending on ones position in line. In most cases the strongest protests came from the immediate victims or the people directly behind the line jumpers. People farther down the line complained less or not at all, even though they had been equally penalized by los