四川教师招聘备考指导中学英语阅读理解题解题技巧.doc

四川教师招聘备考指导：中学英语阅读理解题解题技巧一. 事实询问题此类题型的问题以what、who、which、when、where、how或why等词引导，就文中某句、某段或某一具体细节设问并要求考生回答：如：The Internet can show you a lot of jobs all over the world. If you want to find a job on the Internet， use the words job searchoremploymentto find the websites you need.( )What does the passage tell you to do first if you want to find a job on the Internet?A. To type in job searchto find the websitesB. To write a good resumeC. To prepare for an interviewD. To get an English dictionary这是一道典型的事实询问题，因为它的答案可以直接从文段中找到。根据第二句话，可以得知A为正确答案。解这类题的主要方法是：1. 明确题意。2. 寻找答案来源。3. 找准关键词。4. 反复阅读。二. 推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。这类试题常以如下句式发问：What can you conclude(下结论)from this passage?Whats the authors attitude(态度)towards.?We can infer from the passage that.Which statement is ( not ) true?做这类题要求考生在阅读同时，抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。其次，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件中的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推 理、分析，进一步加强理解，抓住实质性的东西。如：Once there was something wrong with a machine in a factory. The workers could do nothing but turn to a German engineer for help， who drew a line on it and said， Take off the part where the line is and change it for a new one.The machine， with a new line on， began running well again. The engineer then asked for $ 30，000 for what he had done. The following were what he wrote on a bill， The new part only costs one dollar， and knowing where the problem with the machine is costs $ 29，999.( )What can you conclude from this passage?A. the engineer asked for too much moneyB. the workers should pay the moneyC. the knowledge is worth moneyD. the new part could cost more这篇短文是作者讲的一个故事，那么通过这个故事我们可以判断出什么呢?虽然作者没有言明，但是我们可以断定，发现问题的所在需要智慧和知识，知识是创造价值的源泉，因此此题的正确答案应为C。三. 数据推算题此题要求学生就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文中其他信息的关系做简单计算和推断。Visit Swansea ZooCome and see the Indian elephants and the new tigers from America. The bears are waiting to meet you， and the monkeys from China are waiting to throw things at you. The lovely dogs from Australia are waiting to laugh at you， and the giraffes from Zambia are waiting to look down on you.Tickets Opening timeGrown-ups: $ 3 9:00 am - 4:00 pmChildren: Over 122 except FridayUnder 12: Free 10:00 am - 3:00 pm( )1. How much does Mr Smith have to pay if he visits the zoo with his s* of fourteen and ten?A.$2.00 B.$5.00 C.$4.00 D.$3.00( )2. Which of the following is the visiting time?A. 8:30 am， Wed B. 9:30 am， FriC. 3:00 pm， Sun D. 4:00 pm， Tue做此类题一要抓住有关的数据，二要从众多的信息中找出那些有用的信息，三要抓住一些关键词。实际上，上述两题都可看作数据推算题，一题是算钱，另一题是算时间。通过阅读我们发现布告中的所有数据都是有用的，那么关键词是：grown-ups， children， over 12， under 12， opening time， except Friday。第一题中Mr Smith是成人，须买3块钱的门票，他一个14岁的儿子需买2块钱的门票，另一个不满12岁的儿子可免票，所以Mr Smith先生需花5块钱，B是正确答案。第二题C是正确答案。四. 主旨大意题此类题型用以考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解。如：What does the passage mainly talk about?What is the main idea of this passage?What does the writer want to tell us?What is the best title of this passage?每一篇文章都有它的主题句，而每一个段落也各有主题句，它一般都用来表示一篇文章或一个段落的主旨大意。因此，找出文章和各段落的主题句(往往为第一句或最后一句)是解题的关键。抓住了主题句，文章的最佳标题也就不难确定了。如：推理判断题哪一节中的例文我们给它起个什么标题好呢?我们在它后面再加上一段话：One dollar for changing a new part sounds reasonable(合理的)， but the $ 29，999 is exactly the value of wisdom and knowledge.( )The best title for the passage should be _ .A. The Value of KnowledgeB. Helpless WorkersC. The Expensive MachineD. The Lucky Factory文中的最后一句是整篇文章的主题句，也就是文章的标题，即：The Value of Knowledge知识的价值，A为正确答案。五. 经验常识题此类题主要是考查中学生应有的多项综合知识，包括：社会、天文、史地、科普及生活常识等。此类题往往与文章没有直接关系，学生只能凭自己的常识进行判断，然后做出符合规律的正确选择。如：( )We can guess when a giraffe sees a tiger _ .A. it will run away as fast as possibleB. it will run to eat the tigerC. it will make the tiger bring it something to eatD. it will make one of the smallest animals bring the tiger something to eat这就是一道考查常识的题，长颈鹿看到老虎当然是尽快跑开，故A是正确答案。六. 任务型阅读任务型阅读是近几年随着任务型教学出现的新题型，它往往集中了上面所述的几种题，以看图或阅读文章填表，填空等形式出现。要求考生通过阅读完成所给任务。考查学生对图表或文章的理解程度以及表达自己观点的能力。请看下例：根据题目要求完成任务。(2004，北京海淀)假如你正在为一些中国学生做导游，参观，游览英国伦敦的一个公园。请你根据下面公园的示意图，为他们说明a、b、c、d四项公园规则。(请写关键信息，句式不限。)例：No recorders, please.62. Sign a: _Sign b: _63