各行各业的英语表达.doc

各行各业的英语表达 在有关各行业从业人员的名称之问题上,笔者作了一次很不全面的研究,并写出了以下这篇文章.但职业称实在太多,难以尽列,只希望能做到将常见用者介绍出来。举例来说，提及医生的时候，只用doctor一字便算了。至于内科医生、外科医生、牙科医生等等则从略。 Worker, labvorer 工人 Farmer 农民 Peasant 小农、农工 Merchant 商人 Scholar 学者 Government employee 公务员 Accountant 会计师，会计（员） Lawyer, attorney, solicitor, counsel 律师 Counselor 法律顾问，律师 Architect 建筑师 Manufacturer 工业家， Banker 银行家 Scientist 科学家 Musician 音乐家 Artist用电器 艺术家 Painter, paintress 画家，（女）画家 Calligrapher, calligraphist Writer Cartoonist Poet Financier Mathematician Publisher Photographer Sculptor Broker Brewer Builder Engineer Surveyor Inter designer Barber Beautician Hairdresserhair specialist Manicurist Tailor Dressmaker Model Policeman, policewoman Fireman Interpreter Translator Librarian Operator Receptionist Horticulturist Gardener Docter Veterinarian Assayer Pharmacist, chemist Druggist Nurse Accoucheur, midwife Technologist Technician Mechanic Pilot Master, captain Sailor Driver Taxi driver Bus driver Conductor Inspector Regulator Engine driver Fire man Train master Station master Division superinterdent Booking clerk Gate man Bearer, porter Command pilot Chief pilot Co-pilot Co-pilot Flying engineer Steward Stewardess Ground staff Housekeeper Amah Housemaid Cook Servant Chauffeur Housewife Electrician Welder Mason Painter Carpenter Miner Weaver Laundryman Brick-layer Stone mason Plumber Shoemaker Shoe-repairer, cobbler Nailer Dairyman Watchman Watchman Wholesaler Retailer Dealer Supplier Agent Coin dealer Furnisher, upholsterer, interiordecorator Jeweler Money broker, moneylender, moneymonger Moneychanger, moneydealer Packer Philatelist Stationer Tobacconist Underwriter Furrier Furniture rmover Lighterman Undertaker Bookseller Printer Publisher Distributor Baker Outfitter 有关“商人”的种类实在多得很，但很多都有没有自己的特别名称。最常见的称呼方法是在的贷物后加上merchant或dealer一字。例如：相机的商人叫camera dealer;电器的商人叫electrical appliances merchant;百货业商人则称作dealer in department goods;成衣高叫garment dealer;家具商是furniture dealer; 出售运动及运动器材者叫sports goods dealer或sports outfitter; 出售橡胶用品的叫rubber products merchant等。 有些行业的分工较细，故此名称也由有关字来组合而成。以汽车业为例： motor car builder motor car painter motor car repairer motor car agent motor car dealer motor car breaker(dismantler) motor car packer dealer 此外还有dealer in motor car accessories,dealer in motor car air conditioning equipment, dealer in motor car number plates, motor car upholsterer,等等。 此外还有： peddler, vendor 小贩 fisherman 渔民 fishmonger 鱼贩 grocer 杂货商 vegetables vendor 菜贩 florist 花贩 butcher 屠夫，肉商 newsagent, newsvendor 报贩 herbalist 草药商 nissionary 传教士 priest 牧师 fortueteller 算命者 acupuncture practitioner 针灸师 slslaughterman 屠房工人 guide 导游 dancing master 蹈师 massagist 按摩师 masseur 男按摩 masseuse 女按摩 waiter 男侍应 waitress 女侍应 captain 领班、部长 boy 侍应生 从事有关工业生产的商人都称为“工业家”，也叫实来家。不过一般人把那些开设工厂的商人叫做“厂商“。制造商还有一个名称，叫maker,而从事重工业生产的商则叫builder. 在Manufacturer, maker 和builder三个字中，用得最多的是manufacturer, 最小是builder,至于行业名称则放于前边便成了。例如： cotton goods manufactuere 织品商 electric meter manufactrere 电器仪表商 ice cream manufacturer 雪糕商 cushion maker 椅垫制造商 flower pot maker 花瓶制造商 pen maker 墨水笔制造商 machine builder 机器制造商 ship builder 船篷制造商 motor body builder 车身制造商 佘类推。 这里还介绍几种特别的职业人士： magician 魔术师 autioneer 拍卖商 optician 眼镜商 perfumer 香水商 handicraftsman 手工业者 social worker 社会工作者 house agent 房屋经纪人 在众多的行业中，有一部分人的工作因需要一定的技巧，所以被称为“工匠”或“师傅”。除上面已经提过木工、电工等等之外，一般人所熟知的还有： goldsmith 金匠，打金师傅 silversmith 银匠，银师傅 copp