考研英语词汇全攻略--核心词汇100篇.doc

2009年考研英语词汇全攻略-吴耀武核心词汇100篇I will not give you a fish but tell you how to fish主编:吴耀武共同探讨英语人生量身定做学习计划紧紧把握考试脉搏传授英语应试策略奠定良好心理基础培养进取人生态度海文考研教育研究中心2008年5月主讲教师简介吴耀武:著名英语教学与测试专家；西安外国语大学语言测试研究中心副主任；全国公共英语等级考试（PETS）考官；先后两次赴香港岭南大学进修和工作；陕西电视台考试联盟栏目、西安音乐台快乐时光栏目、西安经济广播电台空中英语角节目特邀嘉宾。现已出版考研英语黑博士系列丛书（人民日报出版社）、大学英语四六级考试专家系列丛书、全攻略系列丛书（西工大出版社）和英语专业四八级TEM-4/考试指南等系列丛书（世界图书传版社）30余部，近800万字。于2001年起在全国高校作关于考研英语、雅思（IELTS）、英语专业四八级（TEM-4/8）和大学英语四六级（CET-4/6）巡回讲座，在各大高校均引起巨大轰动，讲座场场爆满。并受到新浪、搜狐、中国考试网、都市快报、西安零距离、华商报、西安晚报、三秦都市报等多家媒体的关注和专访。他在英语培训领域提出了自己独特的教学理念努力改进学习方法、量身定做学习计划；紧紧把握考试脉搏，传授英语应试策略；奠定良好心理基础，培养进取人生态度。这一理念在课堂上得以贯彻并为广大学员所认可。现在吴老师每年在北京、上海、西安、武汉、南京、石家庄、沈阳、天津、乌鲁木齐等20多所中心城市主讲考研英语和大学英语四六级课程，经他直接培训的学员已逾10万人，听众更是不计其数。学员对他的评价是： 感情真挚，敬业专注； 才思敏捷，经典幽默； 传授知识如春风化雨，润物无声； 谈应试技巧如数家珍，挥洒自如； 他的语言总是富有人生哲理，他的课堂永远充满着欢笑从容；他传播的不仅仅是英语知识，更是一种人生感悟！第一部分考研英语核心词汇记单词时不要采用从AZ的顺序，而是要灵活搭配，比如A和J， B和O，C和N，D和L等，这样记起来既不觉得累又有成就感。一定记住吴老师的建议：每天晚上看1-2页，把自己已经记住的暂时划出来，第二天早上无论多忙都要把前一天晚上看过的单词复习一遍，然后再分别过3天、7天、15天、30天各复习一遍，坚持下来，到考前一周看最后一遍时，你会觉得大部分单词都已经很熟悉了。另外，务必要把自己做过的历年真题或模拟题中的词汇题集中整理起来，这样的对比记忆特别有助于我们对近义近形词汇的辨析。这样坚持学习，双管齐下，一定会取得良好学习效果！abide遵循（by）；容忍The one thing she cannot abide is lying.abnormal反常的abnormal behaviorabolish彻底废除（法律、制度、习俗等）abolish old customabrupt突然的，意外的an abrupt departure（离开，违背）absolute纯粹的，完全的have absolute trust in sb.absorb吸收，吸进A sponge（海绵） absorbs water.abstract抽象的A flower is beautiful, but beauty itself is abstract.absurd荒谬的，荒唐的The idea that number 14 brings bad luck is absurd.abuse滥用abuse ones authority(office)*accelerate加速，增速accelerate ones stepsaccess接近（或进入）的机会have regular and immediate access to the President*accommodate使适应，使符合一致accommodate oneself to changed circumstancesaccompany陪伴，伴随She was accompanied to a dinner by her friend.accomplish达到（目的），完成（任务），实现（计划，诺言等）accomplish ones purpose*accord使符合，相一致(with)His violent action do not accord with his peaceful words.account 记述，叙述give a brief account of what has happened accumulate积累，积攒，积聚accumulate wisdomaccurate准确的，精确的an accurate estimate(判断、估计)accuse指控，指责They accused her publicly of stealing their books.accustom使习惯于accustom oneself to rising (to rise) earlyacquaint使认识，使了解 activate使活动起来，使开始起作用，启动They have planted secret agents in many countries who could be activated whenever needed. acute尖锐的，敏锐的an acute thinkeradapt（使）适应adapt oneself to new conditions*address n.演说、地址a television addressadhere黏附，附着Paste（浆糊） is used to make one surface adhere to another.*adjacent/deisnt/临近的，毗邻的(to) a city and its adjacent suburbs(郊外) *adjoin/din/贴近，与.毗邻His house adjoins the lake.administrate掌管，料理.的事务In many Japanese homes, the funds are administrated by the wife.adolescent（尤指16岁以下的）青少年a film aimed at adolescentsadvance 使向前移动advance a chessman（棋子/chess.国际象棋）advantage有利条件，优点Sitting Presidents（现任总统） hold built-in（固定的、内置的） advantages when seeking another term.*adverse不友好的，敌对的She felt adverse to her husbands friends.advocate拥护，提倡，主张advocate self-defence*aesthetic/i: setik/美学的，艺术的，审美an aesthetic theory*affiliate/filieit/使隶属（或附属）于，使成为会员a government affiliated companyaffirm断言，申明affirm the truth of a statement*aggravate加重，加剧，恶化aggravate the declining economyaggressive侵犯的，侵略的an aggressive weapon*agitate搅动（液体等）The machine agitated the mixture.alarm惊恐，忧虑The bandits scattered in alarm.alert警惕的，留神的In our reading we should always be alert for new usages.*Alien/eiljn/外国的adjust to an alien culture*allege/led/断言，宣称The newspaper alleges the mayors guilt.*allocate分配，分派，把.拨给allocate funds for new projects*allied/laid/结盟的，有关联的allied nationsallow允给，准许，允许He missed her more than he would allow himself to admit.allowance津贴，补贴，零用钱a housing allowancealter改变，更改alter an attitude*alternate交替，轮流(alternative adj.交替的、n.二中选一)Night and day alternate.*amateur/mt/ （艺术，科学等的）业余爱好者an amateur golferamaze使惊愕，使惊异I am amazed that he should get the post.*ambiguous/mbigjus/含糊不清的，模棱两可的an ambiguous answerambition（对名利等的）强烈欲望，野心His political ambitions still burn.*amend修改，修订amend the spelling in sb.s paperamuse逗乐，逗笑，给.提供娱乐（或消遣）The clown at the circus amused the children.*anchor/k/锚The anchor catches (drags).announce宣布，声称It is officially announced that he will not run for reelection(改选、再选).annoy使恼怒，使生气She was annoyed at (with) his lightheard attitude.annual每年的，年度的the annual output of steel*anonymous匿名的，无名的an anonymous letter (phone call)answer回答，响应Henry took ages to(花很长时间) answer the door.anticipate预期，预料The directors anticipated a fall in demand (that demand would fall).anxious焦虑的，发愁的(about, at)They become anxious at her delay.*apart成零碎Such cheap clothes come apart after a few washings.apparent显然的，明明白白的It was apparent that they all understood.appeal呼吁，恳求I appealed to the children to make less noise.applaud鼓掌，喝彩，叫好The audience applauds the performers for three minutes.apply涂，敷He applied two coats of paint to the table.appoint任命，委派They appointed his father (to be 或as) postmaster.*appraise估量，估计appraise the infants weightappreciate感激I appreciated your help much.*apprehend对.担心Do you apprehend that there will be any difficulty?approach靠近，接近John is approaching manhood.*appropriate恰当的，相称的Plain, simple clothes are appropriate for school wear.approve赞成，同意I couldnt approve his conduct.approximate大概的，大约的，近似的The approximate time is 10 oclock.*apt（习性）易于.的，有.倾向的A careless person is apt to make mistakes.*arbitrary随心所欲的，个人武断的，任意的an arbitrary choice arise起立，起身arise from ones seat*arouse使.奋发A man like Tom will be aroused.Dont worry.*array排列，队形The troops were formed in battle array.*articulate发音清晰的，善于表达的He is articulate about everything in the field of economics.*artificial人工的，人造的，人为的artificial price controls*ascend登高，（渐渐）上升，升高The airplane ascended into the cloud.*ascertain 查明，弄清，确定I ascertained that he was dead.ashamed惭愧的，羞耻的I am ashamed for being so stupid.ashore向岸，向陆地He swam ashore.aside在旁边We stood aside to let her pass.*assault/s: lt/攻击，袭击We made an assault on the enemy fort.*assemble集合，召集assemble the members of Parliament for a special meeting.Assert/s: t/肯定地说（出），坚定地断言He asserted his innocence(清白、无罪).Assess/ses/估价，评价，评论assess the present state of the economyassign分配，布置（作业）The teacher assigned (us) a new lesson.*assimilate吸收，消化He is quick to assimilate new ideas.associate（使）联系，（使）结合We naturally associated the name of Darwin with the doctrine of evolution.assume假定，假设Farmers will have a bumper harvest, assuming (that) the weather is favarable.assure 深信不疑地对.说，向.保证assurance保证，把握，信心He gave me his assurance that he would help.astonish使惊讶I was astonished at his sudden appearance.attach系，贴，连接attach a label to a suitcase*attain达到，获得attain ones goalattend出席，参加（会议等）attend a weddingattendance出席，参加，出席人数，出席率 Our class has perfect attendance today.*attentive注意的，专心的an attentive audienceattribute把归因于，把.（过错的责任等）归于(to)He attributed his success to hard work.*auxiliary/: gziljri/辅助的;副的an auxiliary rocket*avail有利于，有助于Will force alone avail us?average平均数，平均The paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.*avert挡开，防止，避免Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy.awake醒，觉醒awake from sleepaward授予（奖品等）The university awarded him an honorary degree.ban（以官方明令）禁止，取缔He was banned from entering the city.bang（突发的）sudden loud bangbar条，块，杆，棒a bar of gold*bare赤裸的，光秃的，空无内容的walk in bare feet*beforehand预先，事先If you wanted soup for lunch you should have told me beforehand.behave举止端正，听话Do behave.*bewilder使迷惑，使糊涂Im bewildered as to which one to buy.bias偏见，偏心have a bias against sb.(或sth.)blame责备，责怪Public opinion blames Mrs Smith for leading the girl astray(误入歧途；迷路).*blast一阵（风），一股（气流）a blast of wind*blaze火焰The fire sprang into a blaze.*blunt钝的The sun was blazing down and the heat was oppressive.*blush（因害羞、激动、窘困）脸红blush with(或for) joyboast 自吹自擂，自夸的话He is full of boasts.bolt螺栓，（门，窗的）插销a small bag of nuts and boltsboom低沉有回响的声音The great bell tolled with a deep boom.border边界，边境，边沿 a district on the Kampuchean side of the border with Thailandbore钻孔，挖（通道）bore through a wallbounce弹起，反弹The ball doesnt bounce well.bound跳跃，弹回She bounded to her feet and waved her right hand triumphantly.boycott（联合起来）抑制，拒绝参加boycott uncooperative manufacturesbrace托架，支架He braced his muscles and lifted the weight.breed（使）繁殖Rabbits breed families rapidly.bribe贿赂accept(或take)a bribe from sb.brief短暂的，简短的，简洁的a brief holidaybrisk轻快的，生气勃勃的a brisk pacebrittle易碎的，一碰就破的 brittle glassbrush刷子，毛刷a laundry brushbump碰，撞(against, into)The truck bumped against the wall in the dark.burst爆炸，爆裂The boiler burst.calculate计算，推算calculate the distance between New York and Chicagocall喊，叫Please call the names of all the people who are present.cancel取消，废除，删去cancel a tripcapture俘虏，捕获capture butterfliescase事例，事实，事情This is a case of poor judgment.cast投，扔，抛，撒，掷cast doubt(s) on the feasibility of a schemecasual偶然的，无计划的，随便的，非正式的a casual meetingcease停止，终止，结束The music ceased suddenly.certify证明，证实The accounts were certified (as) correct.challenge向.挑战Our school challenged the local champion team to a football match.character（事物的）性质，特质The furniture in Toms apartment was pretentious and without character.charge要（价），收（费）The airlines charge half price for students.charm魅力，魔力This thriving resort town has retained its village charm.chase追逐，追求The police chased the escaping thief and caught him at last.check使突然停止，制止check ones stepscherish珍爱，珍视cherish ones native landchew嚼，咀嚼He chewed a mouthful of meat.choke窒息，噎住be choked by smokechorus合唱队chronic（疾病）慢性的，（人）久病的chronic indigestionclarity澄清，阐明clarify an issuecling粘着The frightened child clung to her mother.clumsy笨拙的a clumsy boycluster（果实，花等的）串，束，簇; (人或物)的群，组a cluster of touristsclutch紧抓，紧握clutch at an opportunitycoherent一致的，协调的lack coherent political goalscoin硬币，钱币，金属货币a silver coincoincide相符，相一致100 Centigrade coincides with 212 Fahrenheit.collaborate（尤指在文艺、科学等方面）合作，协作He and I collaborated in writing plays.collapse倒坍，崩溃，瓦解The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow.collide碰撞，互撞The car collided with the e来，来到Will you come to the dance tonight?commemorate纪念，庆祝commemorate a holidaycommend表扬，称赞commend a soldier for braverycompact紧密的，坚实的a compact piece of luggagecompare比较，对照(with, to) compare the body to a finely tuned machinecompatible能和睦相处的，合的来的You should choose a roommate more compatible to your pile汇编，编制compile an anthology of poemscomply遵从，顺从，服从comply with rules(safety regulations)compose组成，构成England, Scotland, and Wales compose the island of Great Bpress压缩He compresses a lifetime as a soldier into a few sentencescomprise包含，包括The shipyard comprises three promise妥协，折衷compromise over the hard-fought pulsory必须做的，义务的a compulsory subjectconceal隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽He concealed his disappointment from his friends.conceive构想出，设想conceive an ideaconcentrate集中，专心concentrate ones attentioncondemn谴责We all condemn cruelty to children.condense（使）压缩，（使）凝结，使简洁condense a speech to halfconfer商谈，商议confer with sb. Over (on, about, concerning) sth.confess坦白，供认，承认，忏悔confess ones crimeconfidence信任break sb.s confidenceconfine限制，使局限They succeeded in confining the fire to a small area.confirm证实，肯定confirm a rumourconflict（尤指长期的）战争，战斗The conflict between Greece and Troy lasted ten years.conform遵照，适应confirm to(或with) the rules(the law)confront（使）面临，（使）遭遇The war confronted him with hardships.confuse使混乱，混淆He confused the arrangements by arriving late.connect连接，连接The bridge connects the island with(或to) the mainland.conscious意识到的，自觉地They were conscious that he disapproved.consent同意，赞同，准许The people will never consent to another war.conserve保护，保藏，保存conserve natural resourcesconsider考虑，细想Consider carefully before doing anything.consist组成，构成(of)The house consists of six rooms.consolidate巩固，加强consolidate ones positionconspicuous显眼的，明显的，引人瞩目的He felt as conspicuous as if he had stood on a stage.constant经常的，不断的a constant noiseconstitute组成，构成constitute a threat to sb.consult请教，与.商量consult a doctor about ones illnessconsume 消费,花费: consume much of ones time in readingcontact接触,联系,交往: be in contact with sbcontain 包括,容纳, a list containing twelve itemscontaminate弄脏,污染,玷污,毒害: Fumes contaminate the air contempt轻视,轻蔑:show a contempt for sbcontest竞赛,比赛,竞争:the contest between the two powers for the control of the regioncontract合同,契约:enter into(make)a contact with contradict反驳,同.相矛盾,同.相抵触:The facts contradict his theorycontrary相反的,对抗的:take the contrary viewcontrast对照,对比,(对比之下显出的)差异:the contrast between the two forms of governmentcontribute捐(款等),捐献:He contributed 5dollars to the charity every paydaycontrive设计,想出:contrive a new methodcontroversy(尤之以文字形式进行的争论),辨证:a point of controversyconvention(正式)会议,(定期)大会:draft a new constitution at a conventionconvert转变,转化:convert coal to (into) pipeline gasconvey运送,输送,传送:a wire conveys an electric current convict(经审讯)证明有罪,宣判有罪:He was convicted of smugglingcoordinate调节,协调:coordinate the functions of government agenciescordial热情友好的,热诚的,真心的:a cordial hello(smile, invitation)correspond相符合相称(to,with):Fulfillment seldom corresponds to anticipationcorrespondent通信者,通讯员,记者:a good(bad)correspondentcorresponding符合的,一致的:corresponding fingerprintscorrode(渐渐)损害,(一点一点地)损伤:Bribery corrodes the confidence that must exist between buyer and sellercorrupt堕落的,腐败的,贪赃舞弊的:lead a corrupt lifecount数,计算: count the moneycourse课程,科目:an English coursecourtesy 谦恭有礼。有礼的举止（或）言辞：come in without courtesycredit信任，可信性：I have full credit in your ability to do the job。crucial 决定性的，关键性的：a crucial decisioncue 提示，暗号，信号：throw cues to sbcultivate耕作，栽培，养殖：cultivate vegetablescure 治愈，医治：this medicine cured him of his pains。cut 切，割，剪，砍，削; The Mayor cut the ribbon to open a trade exhibition.Ddawn 黎明，拂晓 work from dawn to darkdazzle （强光等）使目眩，耀眼：He was dazzled by his sudden success.deceive 欺骗，蒙蔽：deceive oneselfdecent 体面的，像样的:She didnt have a decent dress for the ball.decline 拒绝，谢绝：We sent him an invitation but he declined.decompose 分解，腐烂，腐败：decompose a compound into its elements.dedicate 奉献，把。用在（to）: The doctor dedicated himself to finding a cure.deduce 演绎，推论：From her conversation, I deduced that she had a large family.define 解释，给。下定义: People define him as a genius.deform(使)变形：Heat deforms plastic.defy 公然违抗，反抗：He was going ahead defying all difficulties.degenerate 衰退，堕落，变坏（into）: Her eyesight degenerated with the years.deliberate 慎重的，深思熟虑的：The government is taking deliberate action to lower prices.delight 高兴，快乐：To the teachers great delight , all his students passed the examination.deliver 投递，传送，运输：deliver the mail demonstrate 论证，证明 ：demonstrate a philosophical principledenote 表示，是。的标志，意思是：A frown often denotes displeasure.dense 稠密的，密集的:a dense forestdeposit 存放： She deposited her bag in the cloakroom.depress 使沮丧，使消沉：That movie depressed me.deprive剥夺，使丧失：deprive sb. of his propertyderive 取得，得到：He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father.descend 下来，下降：Darkness descended too soon.deserve 应得，值得：The question deserves consideration.designate 指明，表明：designate boundaries desolate 荒芜的，不毛的：desolate land despise 蔑视，鄙视：He despises flattery.detach 拆卸：They detached their trailer and set up camp.detain 留住，担搁：be detained by business.detect （当场）发现（某人在干坏事）:detect a student cheatingdeteriorate （使）恶化,(使)变坏,(使)退化: Relations between the two countries began to deteriorate.deviate 背离，偏离：deviate from the rule devote 将.献给（to）:Mary devoted her life to caring for the sick.diagnose 诊断，判断：The doctor diagnosed the illness as influenza.dictate 口授，使听写：dictate a letter to a secretarydifferentiate 使不同，使有差别，区分，区别：differentiate varieties of plantsdiffuse 扩散（气体，液体等）：The colors of the sunset were diffused across the sky.diminish 减少，降低：His illness diminished his strength.diplomat 外交家，外交官，圆滑的人：a career diplomatdiscard 丢弃，抛弃：discard an old pair of shoesdiscern 看出，觉察出：We could discern from his appearance that he was upset.disclose 揭露，透露，使公开：disclose information to sb. discharge 释放：The judge found him not guilty and discharged him.discount 把（价格，费用等）打折扣，削价出售：The store discounts 3 per cent on all bills paid when due.discriminate 区别，辨别：Its difficult to discriminate between the twin brothers.disgrace 丢脸，耻辱：bring disgrace on oneselfdisgust 厌恶，恶心：feel disgust for bad odors disperse 分散，驱散，散去：Police dispersed the rioters with tear gasdisplace 移动。的位置：Many of the inhabitants were displaced by the rising floodwatersdispose 布置，整理:The stores disposed the jewellery in an attractive displaydisregard 不理会，不顾：Disregard the noise and keep workingdistinct 有区别的，不同的：Three distinct types of people distort 扭歪，扭曲：a face distorted by (或with)paindistract 使转向：be distracted from ones original purposedistribute 分配，分发：distribute the prizes among the winnersdivorce 离婚，分离，脱离：sue for a divorce dominate 分配，统治：a white dominated societydonate 捐赠，赠送：They donate to the Red Cross every year.doom 命运，厄运，劫数：His doom was to be poverty.doze 打瞌睡，打盹儿：The old lady dozed in her armchair.drain 慢慢排去：drain water from a pooldread 怕，畏惧:I dread to think of what may happen.drift 漂流，漂泊：The sounds of music drifted up to us.dubious 引起怀疑的，不确定的：a dubious replydue 欠款的，应支付的：A great deal of money is due to you.dump 倾倒