短文写作中的经典语义过渡的模式及必备句型.doc

短文写作中的经典语义过渡的模式以及必备句型考研英语写作的题材多数同我们日常生活相关，通常涉及事物间的比较，要求说明其相似性、相异性和事物之间的因果关系；有时要求考生分析事实，找出原因或解决问题的方法，或对一个问题提出个人看法等。所以考生在复习写作时，要尽可能熟悉和掌握表达这些关系的常用句型，这将对提高写作能力有较大帮助。1.表示相似性的句型Moral corruption（A）is to the State（B）as physical disease（C）is to an individual body（D）.（A之于B犹如C之于D） Just as woods are indispensable to birds，so is the earth to human beings.（正如，也如此）As far as personality is concerned，Tom (A) and Peter (B) have almost everything in common.（A和B有共同之处）My hobby (A) is similar to his (B) in that we both like collecting records，foreign and domestic. (A与B相似)As the economies of all countries are closely interrelated no country can develop in self-seclusion. The same is true of China. (The same is true of. The same can be said of. 也是如此)2.表示相异性的句型Beijing (A) is populous and crowded，while Canberra (B) is just the opposite.（A与B正相反）Chinas condition (A) differs from ours (B) in that China has the largest population in the world. (A不同于B在于)While it may be true that basketball and volleyball share certain features，the excitement each arouses in the spectators is not the same.（是不相同的）3.表示权衡性的句型It seems safe to say that the advantages of marriage outweigh the disadvantages of divorce.（利大于弊）Perhaps nothing can rival the pleasure from reading. (是无与伦比的)There could be no doubt that job-hopping has its drawbacks as well as merits.（既有优点也有缺点）Men (A)may be superior to women(B) in physical affairs. Yet，there is no difference in intelligence.（A优于B）Peoples attitude towards drugs varies from person to person.(是因人而异的)4.表示过渡性的句型（承上启下，使新观点不至于显得突兀、武断）Some people argue as if it is a general truth that . But to be frank，I cannot agree with them for the following reasons.According to/As can be seen in figures/statistics /the findings/data released/provided by the government/an institute， .There are several/many causes/reasons for this dramatic/significant growth/change/decline/increase in .There are no less than three advantages in as rendered below.The reasons are chiefly as follows .Another reason why I advocate the attitude of is that.Last but not least， .What is more， .5.表示倍数与比例关系的句型近年来图表作文经常出现，考生需要熟悉和掌握一些常用的句型来解释图表、分析和表达数据间的倍数和比例关系： Asia ranks first both in area and in population among the seven Continents.Europe is second to Asia in population，but in area it is the last but one.We all hope that a countrys population should be in proportion to its area, unfortunately the reality often goes against our will.A is a far larger university，being over three times as big as B.6.引用图表内容时的过渡句型图表式作文经常使用as从句做解释性描述的过渡，它的运用，可以使短文由图画的说明解释，陡然一转，由客观说到主观，由一般说到个体，过渡自然。This picture shows . At the beginning， ，as we can see in the upper half of the picture. However，the lower half of the picture shows that .As is revealed in the graph .As the survey results show .As we could find out later in this unit，his plan was not quite as he had expected.This table provides several important points of comparison between the two universities.As can be indicated in the table，the housing space for the staff of A in 1995 was 34 500 square meters，which nearly doubled the Bs corresponding figure.7.描述图表常用的概括性句型这种句子通常用于开篇和结尾。This table provides，several important points of comparison between the two key universities.The two graphs depict the same thing seen in two different ways. The first diagram simply records . The second graph throws a new light on .The key findings taken from the surveys are as follows： .If drivers continue to drive more carefully and further strengthen their sense of safety，the rate of accidents can be expected to decline even more dramatically in the year 1998.8.引论或得出结论的句型As the proverb goes，“ ”. It is quite understandable that .Along with the development of society more and more problems are brought to our attention，one of which is that .Admittedly，there are merits to both sides of the argument.Contrary to widely held belief，I believe that .Now，it is commonly believed /some people think that ，but I wonder whether .9.表示转折的句型On the surface of it，this may seem to be a good solution，but if thinking again，we would point out some drawbacks. At first thought，it may seem to be an attractive idea，but it does not bear closer analysis when we find .Superficially，it seems to be a sound solution，but when carefully weighing in the mind，we find that .A close inspection of these arguments would reveal how flimsy they are. The undeniable deficiency in this remark is that it is negligent of the bare fact that .However，we also cannot deny that .10.表示解释、分析、引申的句型One very strong argument for is that .It is an obvious fact that .One of the most important things about is that .A particularly notable case of this matter is .We may look into every possible reason，however，foremost reason for is .is mainly/ partly/ also responsible for the rise/increase/ decrease in .We may cite/quote/mention a single/common example of .A recent/nationwide study/survey/poll conducted/ taken at a university/ by scientists indicates/reveals/ suggests that .Of course，this will have some negative effects on . is a case in point.11.表示得出结论的句型From what has been discussed above，we may safely draw the conclusion that .Taking into account all these factors，we may safely reach the conclusion that .Judging from all evidence offered，we may safely come to the conclusion that .All the evidence/analysis supports a (an) sound/ unshakable/just conclusion/ view that .12.表示建议、采取行动的句型It is necessary/ essential that effective actions/ quick steps/ proper measures should be taken to prevent the situation/ correct tendency / end phenomenon. There is little doubt that serious/ considerable/ special attention must be called /paid /devoted to the problem /shortage of .It is high time that we placed/put great/special/considerable emphasis on theimprovement/ development /increase of .赠送句型1. 随着经济的繁荣 with the booming of the economy2. 随着人民生活水平的显著提高 with the remarkable improvement of peoples living standard3. 先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology 4. 为我们日常生活增添了情趣 add much spice / flavor to our daily life 5. 人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed that6. 我同意前者(后者)观点 I give my vote to the former / latter opinion.7. 引起了广泛的公众关注 Sth. has aroused wide public concern. / Sth has drawn great public attention. 8. 不可否认 It is undeniable that 9. 热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discussion / debate 10. 有争议性的问题 a controversial issue 11. 就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally, 12. 有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons 13. 双方的论点 argument on both sides 14. 发挥日益重要作用 play an increasingly important role in15. 对必不可少 be indispensable to 16. 正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes: 17. 对产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive / negative effects on 18. 利远远大于弊 The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. 19. 导致，引起 lead to / give rise to / contribute to / result in 20. 复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon 21. 责任感 / 成就感 sense of responsibility / achievement 22. 竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation23. 开阔眼界 widen ones horizon / broaden ones vision 24. 学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills 25. 经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden 26. 考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into consideration 27. 从另一个角度 from another perspective28. 做出共同努力 make joint efforts 29. 对有益 be beneficial to / be conducive to 30. 为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society31. 打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for 32. 综合素质 comprehensive quality 33. 致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to 34. 应当承认 Admittedly, 35. 不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty36. 满足需求 satisfy / meet the needs of.37. 可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information 38. 宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources 39. 因特网 the Internet (一定要由冠词，字母I 大写)40. 方便快捷 convenient and efficient41. 在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life 42. 环保的材料 environmentally friendly materials43. 社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress 44. 大大方便了人们的生活 Sth has greatly facilitated peoples lives.45. 对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue 46. 在一定程度上 to some extent 47. 理论和实践相结合 integrate theory with practice48. 必然趋势 an irresistible trend of 49. 日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly keen social competition50. 眼前利益 immediate interest/ short-term interest 51. 长远利益 long-tem interest52. 有其自身的优缺点 has its own merits and demerits / pros and cons 53. 对有害 do harm to / be harmful to / be detrimental to54. 交流思想/ 情感/ 信息 exchange ideas / emotions / information 55. 跟上的最新发展 keep pace with / keep abreast with the latest development of 56. 的健康发展 the healthy development of 57. 重视 attach great importance to 58. 社会地位 social status59. 把时间和精力放在上 focus ones time and energy on60. 扩大知识面 expand ones scope of knowledge61. 身心两方面 both physically an