转炉倾动装置论文：多点啮合柔性传动装置的设计及性能研究.doc

转炉倾动装置论文：多点啮合柔性传动装置的设计及性能研究【中文摘要】现在世界上主要有三大炼钢方法,即氧气转炉、平炉、电炉。氧气转炉炼钢法占现在钢产量中的绝大部分比重,保证氧气转炉正常运转的前提之一就是合理的设计转炉倾动装置。转炉倾动装置的工作条件是大扭矩、低转速、启动、制动频繁,所以为了改善减速机构中轮齿的受力状况和增强设备的可靠性一般采用多点啮合柔性传动装置。多点啮合柔性传动装置一般为4套初级减速器提供动力,将动力传给末级减速器,末级减速器大齿轮驱动耳轴从而使连接在耳轴上的转炉转动。为了改善整个系统的受力状况对传动装置加装一套柔性传动装置。本文在分析了国内外现有的转炉倾动装置的研究现状后,确定了初级减速器为三环减速器的多点啮合柔性传动装置。由于三环减速器的大减速比、高效率、结构对称等优点其将改善初级减速器为多级普通直齿轮减速器所带来的弊端。本文首先将根据转炉的公称容量200吨,计算倾动过程中的转炉所需的力矩变化曲线,并根据力矩变化曲线计算倾动过程中所需的最大倾动力矩。根据最大倾动力矩来设计整套多点啮合柔性传动装置的主要参数。其中将主要通过编程选择三环减速器的变位系数;通过对三环减速器的原理及功率流的分析确定三环减速器各轴的设计。在完成基本参数的设计之后,将借助于Pro/E建立虚拟样机进行运动学分析。然后将对整套系统建立动力学模型,分析其固有特性。然后对减速器的箱体做模态分析,得到箱体的固有频率。最后将对柔性传动构件扭力杆做静态和动态分析,并对耳轴及托圈做静态分析。本文通过深入分析多点啮合柔性传动装置的功能设计要点,给出了一种其主要参数的设计方法,并通过对200吨氧气转炉倾动装置的设计加以实现。在完成该设计后,对其进行了运动学分析以验证该装置的运动学性能是符合使用要求。本文首次对初级减速器为三环减速器的多点啮合柔性传动装置进行了动力学分析,并得到其固有特性。然后对减速箱体做模态分析得到其低频率特性,因此理论上来说可以避免由传动系统异常激振或铁水激振所带来的共振。之后借助于ANSYS对柔性传动构件扭力杆做了静态分析,并通过能量变换分析了其动态性能,最后通过分析得到扭力杆上的最危险截面位置。对耳轴和托圈的强度校核,验证了设计的合理性。【英文摘要】Now there are three major methods of steelmaking. They are Oxygen converter steelmaking method, Martin process method, Electric furnace steel making method, and the Oxygen converter steelmaking method has taken the most proportion of the the current steel output. One of the prerequisite of ensuring the normal operation of the oxygen converter is oxygen converter tilting device. Because of the working conditions of the oxygen converter tilting device is high torque, low speed and start braking frequently, we use multi-point meshing and flexible transmission device to improve the stress situation of the gear and enhance the reliability of the equipment in the oxygen converter tilting device. Generally there are four sets of primary reducer provide motivation to the multi-point meshing and flexible transmission device. The motivation will be passed to the last stage reducer. The big gear of last stage reducer will drive trunnion and the oxygen converter rotating, which is connection with trunnion. In order to improve the stress state of the transmission device, the transmission should be added a set of flexible drive device. Based on the analysis of the current research of the domestic and international converter tilting device the current research status of device, this paper has used the three-ring gear reducer as the primary reducer of the multi-point meshing and flexible transmission device. Because of the three-ring gear reducer has the advantage of large ratio, high efficiency, symmetrical structure; It will remove the drawbacks of the ordinary multistage straight gear reducer as the primary reducer.This paper will calculate the torque curve of titled process according to the Nominal capacity of converter which is 200 ton weight. And calculate the maximum titled torque during the tilting process according to the torque curve. Then design the main parameters of the multi-point meshing and flexible transmission device according to the maximum torque. One of which the most important is choosing the modification coefficient through programming; and designing the shafts according to the research of the Principle and power flow of the three-ring gear reducer. After the design of the basic parameters, this paper will establish the virtual prototype by Pro/E to make the Kinematics analysis. Then establish the dynamic model of the whole system to analysis the inherent characteristic. Then do the model analysis of the reduction case to get the natural frequency of the reduction case. Finally this paper will do static and dynamic analysis of the flexible transmission device and do static analysis of the trunnion and convertertrunnionring.This paper presents a design method of the main parameters through a in-depth analysis of the functional design points of the multi-point meshing and flexible transmission device, and applies it to the design of the 200 tons of converter device. After the design, it completes the kinematic analysis to verify if the kinematics of the device is fit for the requirements. This paper first makes the kinematic analysis of the multi-point meshing and flexible transmission device with a three-ring gear reducer for primary reducer, then gets its inherent characteristics. Through the modal analysis of the reducer casing we obtain its low frequency characteristics, which can avoid theoretically the resonance brought by the transmission system abnormal vibration or the molten iron vibration. Then it makes the static analysis of the flexible drive component torsion bars by ANSYS, and analyzes the dynamic performance through the energy transformation. Finally, through analysis on the most dangerous section position of the torsion bar. Through the intensity check of trunnion and convertertrunnionring, it verifies the rationality of the design.【关键词】转炉倾动装置 三环减速器 柔性传动装置【英文关键词】oxygen converter device three-ring gear reduce flexible drive device【目录】多点啮合柔性传动装置的设计及性能研究摘要4-5Abstract5-6第1章 绪论9-151.1 课题来源及研究的目的和意义9-101.2 国内外在该方向的研究现状及分析10-131.2.1 国外氧气转炉发展现状101.2.2 国内氧气转炉发展现状10-111.2.3 转炉倾动装置发展现状11-131.3 主要研究内容13-15第2章 多点啮合柔性传动装置设计的基本分析15-252.1 多点啮合柔性传动装置的组成及设计流程152.2 确定转炉倾动过程的重心15-182.2.1 炉壳重心的计算162.2.2 铁水重心的计算16-182.3 三环减速器的原理18-202.3.1 三环减速器的构造18-192.3.2 三环减速器减速比19-202.4 三环减速器的动力分析20-222.4.1 三环减速器内齿环板动力分析20-212.4.2 三环减速器各轴的动力方程21-222.5 高速轴上的转矩变化22-242.6 本章小结24-25第3章 多点啮合柔性传动装置主要参数的设计25-413.1 转动装置的总传动比的确定及各级传动比的分配26-273.2 末级减速器主要参数的设计27-283.3 三环减速器主要参数的设计28-323.3.1 齿轮传动主要参数设计283.3.2 变位系数的选择28-323.4 三环减速器轴的设计及校核32-353.5 扭力杆的设计35-373.6 转炉传动装置的三维建模37-403.7 本章小结40-41第4章 倾动装置的动态仿真及动力学分析41-564.1 运动仿真流程及模型验证41-424.1.1 运动仿真流程414.1.2 模型验证41-424.2 倾动装置运动学分析42-454.2.1 三环减速器运动学分析42-444.2.2 倾动装置运动学分析44-454.3 倾动装置模态分析45-524.3.1 系统力学模型45-494.3.2 动力学模型求解49-52