国粹京剧The quintessence of our country------Chinese opera.doc

1、 国粹京剧The quintessence of our country-Chinese opera2、 效果展示Demonstration effect3、 此款为中号旦角白娘子，传统京剧白蛇传剧中女主人公。This is the middle-sized female role, White Lady, the heroine in the traditional Chinese opera, Tale of the White Snake.4、此款为中号花脸窦尔敦：传统京剧盗御马剧中主要人物，脸谱谱式为蓝花三块瓦脸。This is the middle-sized painted-face character, Dou Erdun: the main character in the traditional Chinese opera, Steal Royal Horse. The type of facial make-up is three-tile face with blue flowers. 窦尔敦庄稼人出身，酷爱武艺，身手不凡，有勇无谋，但又有些小聪明。现在似乎是褒多于贬，以前的“坐地分赃”也变成“除暴安良”了。呵呵 清朝年间，绿林好汉窦尔敦和卖身投靠官府的绍兴府飞镖黄三泰在李家店比武，黄三泰不守比武规矩，用飞镖将窦尔敦击伤。窦尔敦为了复仇，在梁千岁关外围猎时盗取御马，并留言“要知盗马人，可问黄三泰”。不料此时黄三泰已死，其子黄天霸被梁千岁召来，责令他追回御马。黄天霸侦知御马为窦尔敦所盗，发兵围剿窦尔敦所在之连环套，结果御马被烧死，他也无法交案。Dou Erdun has ever been a farmer, who is extremely interested in martial arts. He has amazing skills and petty tricks but being foolhardy. Nowadays, it seems to be depreciated more than be praised, so that the former “sitting down and share the plunder” has become to “suppressing the evil and pacify the good”. During Qing dynasty, in Lis inn, the brigands, Dou Erdun assaulted at arms with Huang Santai, the Dart in Shaoxing mansion, who had bartered away his honor and thrown himself into the lap of feudal official. Huang Santai didnt observe the rules and wounded Dou Erdun by dart. In order to revenge, Dou Erdun stole the royal horse when Commissioner Liang was hunting outside the Pass and left a message “To know the horse stealer, ask Huang Santai.” Unexpectedly, at that time, Huang had died. Hence, his son, Huang Tianba was called in by Commissioner Liang and charged to bring back the royal horse. After investigation, Huang Tianba knew that the horse stealer was Dou and then sent soldiers to the chain of rings inside which Dou stayed. In the end, the royal horse was burned to death and Huang Tianba could not report to the superior.5、 此款为中号武生高宠：传统京剧挑滑车剧中主要人物，长靠武生，俊扮。This is middle-sized wu sheng a fighting or military character Gaochong: the main character in the traditional Chinese opera, Carry Pulley, dressed up wu sheng.6、 此款为中号小生吕布：传统京剧吕布戏貂禅中的主要人物，俊扮小生，带小生盔，插翎。 This is middle-sized hsiao sheng usually a young scholar or lover role Lvbu: the main character in the traditional Chinese opera, Lvbu Plays with Diaochan, dressed up hsiao sheng. 吕布是三国时期的一大英雄人物，人称“马中赤兔，人中吕布”。他和他的坐骑赤兔都曾是那个风云变幻的时代人们心中的尤物。但是吕布的命运并不太好，他的一生在三国历史的上空像流星一样划过，并没有最终成就一番事业。不过，由于他的出现，对当时的政治和军事格局产生了重要的影响制造了三国历史发展过程中的三大变局。Lvbu is one of the great heroes during the Three Kingdoms period, known as “Chitu in the stud, Lvbu among people”. He and his mount, Chitu were once the stunners in peoples mind during that changeable time. However, Lvbus fate is not quite good. His life is gone hurriedly like a meteor in the history of the Three Kingdoms without realizing any achievement. Nevertheless, his appearance exerts important influence on the political and military structure, forming three upheavals during the historical development of the Three Kingdoms.7、 此款为中号武生赵云：传统京剧长坂坡主要人物，俊扮武生。 This is middle-sized wu sheng a fighting or military character Zhaoyun: the main character in the traditional Chinese opera, Changban Slope, dressed up wu sheng.此款为中号关羽：传统剧目华容道一剧中的主角，也被人们尊为武财神，脸谱谱式为红整脸。This is middle-sized Guanyu: the leading role in the traditional list of plays, Huarong Path and also called the martial God of Wealth by people whose type of facial make-up is completely red face. 关羽忠、义、勇、武的种种品格操守，为中国历代封建王朝的统治者所倡导。所以在各个历史时期，皇帝们都不约而同的为关羽追谥各种封号。被尊为“武圣”，与“文圣”孔子并称。甚至直到今日，商贾景仰其忠信之心，大多与以奉祀，并尊称关圣帝君。在港、澳地区不少人 (包括警察) 均遵从拜关公的风俗。广州有一巷，名为“关公巷”。 Guanyus loyalty, righteousness, bravery, feat and other personal characters have been advocated by Chinese rulers of successive feudal dynasties. Hence, during each historical period, emperors all happened to coincide to confer Guan with different titles. Guan is respectfully titled “martial saint” with Confucius titled “literary saint”. Even today, businessmen revere his heart of loyalty and faith, so that most of them pay him respect and oblation and respectfully call him Saint Guan”. In Hong Kong and Macao, many people (including the police) comply with the customs of worshipping duke Guan. In Guangzhou, there is a lane called “Duke Guan Lane. 关公家庙现占地面积近一万三千四百平方米，所有建筑都坐北朝南，沿南北方向的中轴线有序分布。中轴线自南向北，依次建有山门、仪门、献殿、正殿、娘娘殿和圣祖殿；中轴线东西两侧，基本对称地配有东、西木牌坊、钟楼、鼓楼、祖宅塔、官厅、廊房、左碑亭、右碑亭、关平、关兴夫妇殿及道士院等建筑。家庙总体布局呈前朝后宫形制，各种建筑在端庄中见出古朴，于气势内蕴含秀逸。整个家庙内，古柏参天，一片肃穆，一派庄严。Now, duke Guans home temple covers an area of nearly 13,400 square meters. All the buildings sit in the north facing the south, orderly scattering along the center axis in the north and south direction. The center axis are from south to north, on which there are mountain gate, rites gate, consecrate palace hall, decent palace hall, imperial concubine palace hall and saint palace hall in correct order. In the east and west of the axis, there are basically wooden memorial arches in the east and west, belfry, drum-tower, ancient-residence tower, official hall, porch house, stone-tablet pavilion in the left, stone-tablet pavilion in the right, the palace hall for the couple, Guanping and Guanxing, Taoist courtyard and other buildings in symmetry. The whole layout of the home temple is that the court sits in the front of the temple and the palace, at the back. The various buildings are of primitive simplicity without losing civility, showing elegance in imposing manner. In the whole home temple, there are ancient cypress trees reaching the sky which are respectable and stately.8、此款为中号花脸杨林：传统京剧石秀探庄戏中的主要人物，取才于水浒。脸谱谱式为黄花元宝脸。This is middle-sized painted-face character, Yanglin: the main character in the traditional Chinese opera, Shixiu Scouts Village, originating from Water Margin. The type of facial make-up is ingot face with yellow flowers.9、此款为中号花脸张飞：传统京剧芦花荡戏中主要人物，取材于三国演义。脸谱谱式为黑十字门蝴蝶脸。 This is middle-sized painted-face character, Zhangfei: the main character in the traditional Chinese opera, Reed Marshes, originating from Romance of the Three Kingdoms. The type of facial make-up is butterfly face with black cross. 张飞字翼德，河北涿郡人。刘备桃园结义的义弟，蜀汉五虎大将中第二位，为人勇冠三军，但脾气暴躁，常鞭打士卒，兵器为丈八蛇矛枪，被称为猛张飞，世之虎将。Zhangfei, also named Yide, is from Zhuo county, Hebei province. He is Liubeis brother in the Taoyuan Friendship, ranking the second in the five tiger generals kingdom of Shu Han, with the valor of a whole army. However, he is of irascibility and often lashes soldiers. His weapon is an 80-feet spear. He is called fierce zhangfei, the brave general in the world. 张飞庙位于长江南岸飞凤山麓，离重庆市区382公里，与云阳县城隔江相望，是为纪念三国名将张飞而建的祠宇。相传勇毅刚直的张飞急于为义兄关羽报仇，被部将张达、范疆所害，其头颅被抛于江中。有渔人夜得张飞托梦，到江中打捞张飞头颅，意外捞到一罐金子，于是用此金造了张飞庙。据史载，张飞庙始建于蜀汉末年，后经宋、元、明、清历代扩建，已有1700多年历史。Zhangfeis temple is located in the Flying Phoenix foothill which is on the southern bank of Yangtze River, 382 kilometers away from the urban district of Chongqing with Yunyang County facing each other across the river. The temple is an ancestral hall to commemorate the famous general during the Three Kingdoms period, Zhangfei. It is said that since Zhang, who is upright and outspoken, is anxious to avenge for his brother, Guanyu, he is killed by his subordinates, Zhangda and Fanjiang. His head is thrown into the river. There is some fisherman getting Zhangs command in the dream. He goes to the river to salvage Zhangs head and unexpectedly gets a pot of gold. Thus, with the money, he builds Zhangfeis temple. According to historical records, Zhangfeis temple was firstly founded in the last year of the kingdom of Shu Han. Later the temple was added an extension during Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, which has had a history of 1,700 years.10、此款为中号花脸魏延。 This is middle-sized painted-face character, Weiyan. 魏延是蜀汉名将，他跟随刘备入川后表现突出，得到刘备器重，屡次被委以重任。诸葛亮北伐时期，魏延作为诸葛亮的左膀右臂，为蜀汉立下了汗马功劳。魏延为人孤高，善养兵卒，勇猛过人，但是和蜀汉重臣杨仪不和。诸葛亮死后，魏延率军欲杀杨仪，反被杨仪派马岱杀死。后魏延一门被夷灭三族。Weiyan was a famous general in the kingdom of Shu Han. He had an outstanding performance since followed Liubei to enter Sichuan, so that he was regard highly by Liu and always entrusted with an important task. During the period of Zhuge Liangs northern expedition, Weiyan, as Zhuges capable assistant had achieved war exploits for the kingdom of Shu Han. Weiyan was lofty to people, good at managing soldiers and extremely brave. However, he could not get along well with the minister, Yangyi. Hence, when Zhu died, Wei intended to send soldiers to kill Yang but finally was killed by Madai, who was sent by Yang. Afterwards, Weis three families were killed by barbarians.11、此款为中号旦角铁镜公主.This is middle-sized female role, Iron Mirror princess. 四郎探母中的人物。铁镜公主与南朝降将杨四郎（杨延辉）喜结良缘。当得知自己的丈夫原是北宋将领杨延辉后，铁镜公主计盗令箭，帮助丈夫出关与家人相会。演绎了四郎探母一幕悲喜交集剧。在四郎身份暴露，辽太后欲斩四郎时，又为之哀求，使四郎得免。She is the character in The Fourth Son Pay a Visit to Mother. Iron Mirror princess married the fourth son of Yang General (Yang Yanhui), the general in the southern dynasty, who surrendered. When knowing that her husband was the general in the northern dynasty, Iron Mirror princess planned to steal the arrow (used as token of authority) to help her husband go out of the Pass and meet with his family. Hence, it presents a tragicomedy, The Fourth Son Pay a Visit to Mother. When Yang Yanhuis identity was divulged and the queen mother, Liao, intended to kill him, Iron Mirror princess again implored Liao, so that Yang had been pardoned.12、此款为中号旦角樊梨花。 This is middle-sized female role, Fan Lihua. 樊梨花形象最早出现在清代，乾隆年间如莲居士作说唐三传，又名异说后唐三集薛丁山征西樊梨花全传，后人亦称征西全传。书中叙述樊梨花与薛丁山马上订亲及薛一丁山三休、三请樊梨花的故事，给读者留下深刻的印象，故而在民间有很大影响。戏曲中一些剧目即取材于此。如马上缘、三休樊梨花或三请樊梨花。Fan Lihuas image firstly appeared during Qing dynasty in Three Biographies about Tang Dynasty, also named Whole Biography of Fan Lihua when Xue Dingshan Goes on a Punitive Expedition to the West in the Late Tang Dynasty and called Whole Biography of Westward Expedition by the later generation. The novel tells a story about the engagement between Fan Lihua and Xue Dingshanfan and three experiences of divorce and apologizing between the couple, which leaves a deep impression in readers mind, so that exerts great influence among the people. Some list of plays stem from the novel. For instance, Luck on the Horse, Three-time Divorce with Fan Lihua and Three-time Apologizing to Fan Lihua. 13、此款为中号旦角穆桂英：传统京剧穆柯寨戏中主要人物，俊扮刀马旦角，带七星额子，插翎挂尾。This is middle-sized female role, Mu Guiying: the main character in the traditional Chinese opera, Muke Stronghold, the dressed up female role with arms on the horse, taking with seven-star E zi and tail feathers. 穆桂英，在我国的传统戏中，“杨家将”的剧目占有很大的比重。在“ 杨家将”中，穆桂英又占有突出的地位。以她为主要人物的剧目就有穆桂英挂帅、战洪州、杨门女将等。在老百姓的心目中，穆桂英更是我国古代巾帼英雄的代表。穆桂英是穆柯寨穆羽之女，武艺超群、机智勇敢。传说有神女传授神箭飞刀之术。后与杨宗保交战，生擒宗保并招之成亲，归于杨家将之列。杨宗保的奶奶佘太君百岁挂帅，率杨家十二寡妇西征，抵御西夏的入侵。穆桂英先挂先锋印。深入险境、力战番将、大获全胜。后又亲自挂帅，西征西夏。屡建功勋。穆桂英是中国古典文学中的巾帼英雄的典型形象。In the traditional Chinese operas, Yang General has a large proportion in the list of plays. Mu Guiying has an outstanding position in Yang General. The lists of plays, in which Mu Guiying is the main character, include Mu Guiying Take on the General, Battle in Hong State, Female General from Yang Family, etc. In peoples mind, Mu Guiying is also the representative of heroines in the ancient times. Mu Guiying is the daughter of Muyu, the owner of Muke stronghold. She is conspicuously skilled in military arts as well as witty and brave. It was said that she was taught with the skills of playing arrows and fly cutters by Goddess. Later, she fought with Yang Zongbao, captured him and married him, so that she became a member of Yang family generals. The grandmother of Yang Zongbao, Ms. She assumed leadership at the age of 100. She went on a Punitive Expedition to the West together with twelve widows of Yang family so as to resist West Xias invasion. Mu Guiying firstly took on the general post. She deeply entered the dangerous situation and fought with West Xias generals, winning every thing before one. Later, she personally acted as the general for westward expedition of West Xia. She always served with distinction in the war. Mu Guiying is a typical image of heroines in Chinese classic literature.14、全饰京剧脸谱的制作从设计到完成一般需要近百道工序，现将其主要制作过程分四个方面简要的向大家介绍如下：For making the whole-decorated Chinese opera facial make-up, there are generally about 100 processes from designing to finishing. Now, the main working procedures are divided into four parts and will be briefly shown as follows: 第一步雕塑成型：其中包括形象设计、胎模制作、翻制成型、细部加工等。The first step-shaping of sculptures: including image designing, mould making, reclaiming to shape, detail processing, etc. 第二步脸谱绘制：根据生、旦、净、丑四个行当舞台形象的不同特点，采取四种不同的绘制作方法。其绘制过程一般需要8道工序，其中旦角的绘制要用5种材质颜料和4种配料，经12道工序才能完成。The second step-drawing of facial make-ups: according to the different characteristics of stage images for Sheng(male role),Dan(female role),Jing ,mo, chou. There are 4 different drawing methods. Generally speaking, there are 8 working procedures in the course of drawing. There among, for the drawing of female roles, there should be 5 kinds of material pigments and 4 kinds of ingredients. The drawing of female roles will be only accomplished after going through 12 working procedures. 第三步头饰制作：根据京剧舞台人物形象整体的装饰，大体分为盔帽制作、翎尾制作、髯口制作、服饰制作和配件制作等。The third step- making of headwear: according to the whole decoration of the characters on the Chinese opera stage, the making of headwear can be generally divided into the making of helmets, tail feathers, artificial beard or whiskers worn by traditional opera actor