300多道四级翻译题大扫荡.doc

300多道四级翻译题大扫荡1.Everyone has his inherent ability ,_ (只是很容易被习惯所掩盖).2.The importance of traffic safety , _ (无论如何强调都不为过).3.In my opinion , _ (打电动玩具既浪费时间也有害健康).4.There is no doubt that _ (近视是一个很严重的问题)among the youth of our country.5.According to my personal experience , _ (微笑已带给我许多好处).答案与解析：1. which is easily concealed by habits解析：每个人都有与生俱来的能力，只是很容易被习惯所掩盖。本题的难点在于对动词掩盖的选择。这里的掩盖是抽象含义，并不是像 cover那样能找到真实的掩盖物，所以应该选择conceal，常用搭配由：conceal.from。另外，这句话是一个非限制性定语从句。句子需填补内容是对 ability的补充说明，能力是中心词。因此，要用which引导这个非限制性定语从句。2. cant be overemphasized / cant be emphasized too much解析：本句考查的是再.也不为过的的说法。英语句型是：cannot + do sth. + too much 或 cannot over-do，如：He is so excellent that we cannot praise him too much.(他是这样的优秀，我们怎样称赞他都不过分。)cannot是否定，与too much 和 over-V. 结构连用时强调肯定，表示怎么.也不为过。3. playing video games not only takes much time but also does harm to health解析：句子需填补部分的主语是打电动玩具，虽然打是动词，但根据全句结构我们需要将play处理成动名词形式充当主语。此外，考察不仅.还的句型。浪费时间除了答案表达之外也可以用waste time 。4. near-sightedness is a serious problem解析：There is no doubt that后接从句，从句里应有完整的主谓宾结构。如：There is no doubt that the thief jumped into the room from the balcony in the second floor.(毫无疑问，小偷是从二楼的阳台跳进来的。) 近视还可以说成myopia 或 short sight 。5. smile has done me a lot of good解析：本题考察带给某人很多好处的表达。我们知道对某人有好处可以说成do good to sb. 或do sb. good，依此类推，给我带来很多好处就是：do a lot of good to me或do me a lot of good 。1._ (通过体育锻炼)，we can always stay healthy. 2.According to the scientific research , _ (听音乐能使我们放松).Is this really true? 3._ (我们绝对不能)ignore the value of knowledge. 4.As is known to all, _ (假冒伪劣商品)harm the interests of consumers. 5.Faced with failure, some people can stand up to it, _ (从失败中汲取教训)and try hard to fulfill what they are determined to do. 1. By taking exercises 解析：通过锻炼，我们可以保持健康。其实这题答案不止一个。“锻炼”可以用名词也可以用动词短语。“通过”可以用by表示方式，through 表示途径。 By taking exercises /Through exercises。往往by用于“by + doing”，而through后接名词哦。 2. listening to music enables us to feel relaxed 解析：“听音乐”在句中作主语，“听”应当处理成动名词形式。“能使我们放松”很多同学会采用 can make us feel relaxed的结构。其实，enable就有“能够使某人”的含义，注意enable sb. to do 的表达。 3. On no account can we 解析：本题是强调语气，强调“决不能”，所以联想到on no account ,by no means,at no time,in no case等。不管用哪一个，都要注意它们是含有否定的意味的，因此在置于句首时应使用倒装语序。 4. fake and inferior commodities 解析：“假冒伪劣商品”包含两层含义：一是假货，二是次品，在翻译成英文的时候应该注意两层含义的正确译法。“假冒”不能用false而应选择fake，“次品”可以说inferior表示质量差，也可以用commodity of low quality。 5. draw useful lessons from it 解析：句意为：面对失败，有的人能够顽强抵抗，从中吸取教训，努力实现他们的目标。本句由三个并列的谓语成分构成，谓语动词分别是stand up to“汲取”和try。“汲取教训”正确表达为draw a lesson from。然而我们又能从全句判断，从失败中吸取教训是为了将来能够更好地实现目标，因此加上修饰语useful，使内容更明确。 1. He is _ (他与其说是个学者)as a writer. 2. The parents should also set the kids free _ (以便他们自己做选择). 3. Some freshmen _(打定主意)to pursue a masters degree after undergraduate studies. 4. So it is essential for the students _(深入社会实践)in order to learn something that they cant get in class. 5.In order to improve the competence of state-run enterprises，the central government _(已经实行了一系列改革)，among which is cutting down the staff. 1. not so much a scholar 解析：本句意为：与其说他是个学者不如说是个作家。考查的是与其.倒不如.的句型。句中所给部分已有as，所以最好用 not so much.as.。如：In many cases，nursing is not so much a job as a way of life.(在许多情况下，护理与其说是是一件工作倒不如说是一种生活方式。) 2. to make their own choices 解析：考查目的状语以便的英文表达，正确答案可以是：in order to/to/so as to+动词，也可以用in order/so+that从句。具体要根据字数要求定。 3. make up their minds 解析：本句意为：许多大一新生打定主意要在本科毕业后继续争取硕士学位。打定主意、决定下来可选用：make up ones mind to do，be determined to do，decide to do。题中pursue表示坚持不懈地追求，如：She pursued the study of English for five years.(她持续不断地学了五年英语。) 4. to participate in social practice 解析：本句意为：对学生而言，有必要深入社会实践，从而学到课堂上学不到的东西。深入事实上是指学生要参与社会实践，因此确切译法是to participate，社会实践可译成social practice或social activity。 5. has implemented a series of reforms 解析：本句意为：为了提高国有企业的竞争力，政府已经实行了一系列改革，其中一项是裁员。这里大家要记住国有企业的表达，而外资企业应译为 oversea-funded enterprise或foreign-based company。实行可选用implement，carry out，由于是一系列改革，因此reform要用复数形式。另外已经暗示句子应该用完成时态。1. It was essential that _(我们在月底前签订合同). 2. _(家庭人口多好还是人口少好)is a very popular topic，which is often talked about not only by city residents but by farmers as well. 3. We must _(用一切可能的办法来帮助他们). 4. We _(尽情地吃了一顿)at the new restaurant last Friday. 5. To most of the travelers，_(衣、食、住、行)are all important elements. 1. We sign the contract by the end of the month 解析：当表示愿望，要求，命令等含义的形容词如 advisable，appropriate，better，best，desirable，essential，fitting， imperative，important，impossible，incredible，insistent，natural，necessary， obligatory，preferable，proper，ridiculous，strange，surprising，urgent，vital 出现在形式主语句中时，从句要用虚拟语气。签订合同英语固定说法是sign the contract。在月底前要用by the end of，而不是at the end of。 2. Whether a large family is good or not 解析：如果按照中文顺序逐一翻译就会得出译文Whether a large family is good thing or a small family is a good thing，这并没有语法错误，但不符合英语表达习惯。家庭人口多好还是少好可以理解为：家庭人口多是好事?还是坏事?所以这里我们可以采用反译法，将还是人口少好转移为汉语意思为(人口多是好)还是不好的英文表达-or not，使译文简洁明了，避免罗嗦。 3. help them in every way possible 解析：本题最有可能出现的译文是：use very possible way to help them。这样译文不能说错，但不是最间接、最好的翻译。英语里，通常把方式状语放在谓语部分之后，所以可得出译文：help them in every possible way。原句可能出现在被修饰语办法之前。根据英文习惯，可能的对应词possible应该放在所修饰的中心词way之后，所以有了最终译文：help them in every way possible。 4. ate to our hearts content 解析：本题让考生们困扰的是如何翻译一顿这个量词。其实，一顿是汉语特有的量词表达，是对吃这个动作的补充说明。在那家新餐馆吃就暗含了吃了一顿的含义。英语里没有一顿的对应词。一般来说，可以不译，不影响全句意思的表达。尽情地是个固定搭配，可译成：to ones hearts content或to the top of ones bent。 5. food，clothing，shelter，and transportation 解析：本题要求考生熟悉汉英习语在转移时的异同。有些汉语习语在转移成英语时不需要变换位置。如：日日夜夜(day and night);但也有一些需要改变前后顺序，如：新旧(old and new);水火(fire and water);田径(track and field);钢铁(iron and steel);贫富(rich and poor);血肉(flesh and blood)。请注意本题中哪些词语的英译改变了顺序。1.When an opportunity comes, _ (伴之而来的是成功的希望)but never realizes it on its own. 2. If you want to _(取得成就或实现雄心壮志)，you must work hard，make efforts and get prepared. 3. The successful person _(总是作好充分准备)to meet opportunities as they duly arrive. 4.Anthropologists(人类学家)have discovered that fear，happiness，sadness，and surprise _(都会行之于色)，which is a universal phenomenon.(这.有点难.) 5.Long before children are able to speak or understand a language，they can communicate with adults _(通过面部表情和靠发出噪声). 1. it brings a promise 解析：这是一句非常富有哲理的话，意思是当机遇来临的时候，伴之而来的是成功的希望，然而希望不会自己实现。句子需填入部分伴之而来的是成功的希望 看似表达非常复杂，其实意思很简单，即：机遇会带来希望，那么对这个句子的翻译就简单了，为避免重复，机遇可以用it代替。成功的希望用名词 promise，如：a young man full of promise(大有前途的年轻人)。这个词的常用意思是诺言，承诺。大家要注意，少数情况下我们会碰到一些看似结构复杂的句子，但只要读懂字里行间就可以化复杂为简单。这也是英汉互译时的一个必备技巧。 2. achieve something or fulfill your ambitions 解析：本题考查短语搭配。取得成就可以有这样的表达：make achievements或achieve something，前者成就作名词，后者作动词。实现雄心壮志中实现可选用realize，fulfill，此外e true，carry.out也有实现梦想/理想之意。 3. always makes adequate preparations 解析：作准备的表达有：prepare.for;make preparations for.。充分的可选形容词有：enough，sufficient，adequate，而well-prepared多在句中充当表语成分，如：His counsel was well-prepared.(他的律师作了充分准备。)全句的后半部分meet opportunities也可以作为考点，它表示抓住机遇，并不是看见机遇。meet还有达到要求、满足愿望或意见一致等意。如：The firm has done its best to meet us on that point.(公司在那方面已尽了最大的努力来满足我们的要求。) 4. are reflected in facial expressions 解析：行之于色是一个古汉语表达，正如在第一题给大家说到，有时候在汉译英时会遇到一些看似复杂的语言，但只要读懂字里行间意译即可。行之于色 是说人内心的喜怒哀乐通过面部表情都可以反映出来，因此联系前文就不难译出：are reflected in facial expressions。 5. through facial expressions and by making noises 解析：本题意为：在孩子们能够表达或理解一门语言之前的很长一段时间，他们靠面部表情和发出噪声和大人们交流。通过面部表情和靠发出噪声在句中充当方式状语，表示某种途径或方法。面部表情是一个名词短语，前加介词through，而发出噪声make noise是一个带有动作性的动词短语，因此通过发出噪声应选用by+doing的结构。同样是表示方法途径，前面的介词选择却有不同，考生要注意比较1. I am not sure whether I want to take this course；_（我第一周可否旁听）to see if I like it？ 2. The police are on the trail of new evidence _（希望能有助于该案的处理）. 3. The volume of trade between the two countries，as is reported，_（增长了三倍多）. 4. My question is _（谁将接任该基金会主席职位）. 5. He looks honest，but _（外表有时是靠不住的），arent they？ 1. may I sit in for the first week 解析：分号之前表示原因：因为我不敢确定是否想学这门课程，所以能否让我第一周旁听看看是否喜欢它？“旁听”英语里说成sit in，如：sit in a lecture（旁听一个讲座）.另外，sit in也可以表示静坐，如：There were reports of students sitting in at several universities to pretest against racial discrimination.（多次报道几所大学学生静坐抗议种族歧视.） 2. which they hope will help solve the case 解析：我们把中午句子的含义补全就是“警察希望这些新证据能有助于该案的处理”，“新证据”已经在前文中出现，那么在这里我们需要把“能有助于该案的处理”译成后置定语来修饰new evidence.on the trail of意思是“在寻找”. 3. has increased more than fourfold 解析：本题是考查数字的译法，可以参考前面的节目.本句还要指出的是as在非限制性定语从句中的应用：as引导非限制性定语从句时，其先行项通常是整个主句.As从句的位置很灵活，可以出现在句首，句中（如本句）或句末，并与主句之间用逗号隔开.如：As he pointed out，the steady rise in quality owes much to the improvement of our equipment.（正如他指出的，质量的不断提高在很大程度上取决于设备的更新.）The night has turned cold，as is usual around here.（夜晚变得很冷，在这一带经常如此.） 4. who will take over as president of the Foundation 解析：这是wh词引导的从句在句中作表语.本题的考点是：中文可以有“接任的职位”的搭配，英文却不能说take over the position of，因为take over本身就包括“接任某职”的含义，因此只要将某一职位的名称译出来即可，用take over as来表达.“该基金会”在句中是特指，因而“Foundation”的首字母要大写. 5. appearances are sometimes deceiving 解析：考生要看起来这是一个并列复合句.其规则之一是，疑问部分的主语要和后面句子的主语和谓语在人称、数、性、时态方面保持一致.题干部分已经给出 arent they？因此，“外表”要用复数形式，谓语动词也要用复数形式，不能说appearance is sometimes deceiving.1. The students _ （有权进入） the library only in the afternoon. 2. （我们都很同情） _the husband who was bereaved of his beloved wife. 3. （如果我有钱了） _, I would like to cruise in the Southern Pacific for six months in a private yacht. 4. The soldiers_ （非常疲累由于没有休息一直向前走） in a blizzard. 5. No one likes _ （被当作） a poltroon. 6. I dont want to _ （冒险去尝试） this. 7. He pronounced not clearly but dont _ （妨碍） understanding. 8. Guangdong might _ （征税） extra housing owners 9. We are prepared to _ （采取武力） if negotiation failed. 10. （除了大约半小时） _ for lunch I am here all day. 11. He doesnt seem to _ （意识到） the coldness of their attitude towards his appeal. 12. Majority _ （赞成） Golden Week holidays. 13. Car drivers must _ （遵守） the rules of driving. 14._ （相比较） the two companies, we see two different points of views. 15. could you _ （照看） my child? 参考答案： Answer: 1. have access to 2. We all sympathized with 3. If I were rich 4. are very exhausted for they have advanced forward without rest 5. to be regarded as 6. take the risk （of） trying 7. interfere with 8. impose tax on 9. resort to force 10. But for a half hour or so 11. be aware of（=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness） 12. approve of （=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right） 13. adhere to （=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to） 14. By comparison of 15. keep an eye on1: The truck driver is _（对这起交通事故负全责）. 2:In the court, the defendant _（声称自己是清白的）. 3:Unemployed, John _（几乎无法维持生计）. 4:_（中国政府声明任何情况下都不首先） use nuclear weapons. 5:_（要想他人尊重你）,you should learn to respect them first. 6: _（ 我刚刚到家 ） than the telephone rang. 7:The old man regretted _（ 一事无成 ） in his life. 8:_（ 他五十多岁 ）, but he looks younger than his age. 9:Many big cities in the world _（ 正面临淡水资源短缺 ）. 10:He said nothing, leaving me _ （ 对他的计划毫不知情 ）. 11: He clenched his teeth to_ （确定事故中遭受的伤口的疼痛）. 12: Id rather read books in the library _（ 也不愿上课 ）. 13:Our aim is to _（ 全心全意为人民服务 ）. 14:Id like to _（ 借此机会 ） to express my heartfelt thanks for your help. 15:The court ruling _（ 剥夺了他的政治权利 ）. 参考答案 Answer: 1. responsible for the transportation accident. 2. claims himself innocent 3. nearly couldnt live on himself 4. Chinese Government declares that under no circumstance will China first 5. If you want to be respected by others 6. No sooner did I get home 7. being nowhere 8. He is more than fifty years old 9. are facing the problem of lack of water resource 10. having no idea about his plan 11. ensure the pain of the wound suffered from the accident 12. than go to lessons 13. serve the people with our hearts 14. take this opportunity 15. has deprived his political rights1. That theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle_（ 这是我们应当牢记的一条原则 ） 2. _ （除了以身作则） , there s no better way to teach children. 3. The more things a man is ashamed of, _ （他就越受人尊敬） . 4. True wisdom consists not only in seeing what is before your eyes, _ （而且在于预见将来的事情） . 5. Not until people can completely trust you _ （你才能对他们产生积极的影响） . 6. If you cant think up a new idea, try finding _. （一个方法更好的利用老的观点） 7. _（为战争做好准备）is one of the most effectual means of preserving peace. 8._ （如果全面考虑）, work is less boring than amusing oneself. 9. They thought it a pity _（没有邀请她）. 10. Your character will have been completed _（当生命走到尽头时）. 11. The boss would be angry_ （假如老板发现你经常在办公室打私人长途电话）。 12. The journey took three days_ （比我们原先所预计的多用了）。 13. The old and young should be_ （尊重和照顾）。 14. （我为这些话所深深感动） _I used them later for a Christmas card. 15. （这就全看） _whether you support me. 参考答案 Answer: 1. we should always keep in mind 2. Apart from setting a good example 3. the more respectable he is. 4. but also in foreseeing what is to come 5. will you be able to positively influence them. 6. a way to make better use of an old idea. 7. To be prepared for war 8. Everything considered 9. not to have invited her 10. the time your life comes to an end. 11. if he should discover you often make personal long distance calls in the office. 12. longer than we had expected 13. respected and taken care of 14. I was so impressed by these words that 15. It all depends onTranslation1. The club _ （采用一套新的制度） concerning its membership. 2. My parents are _ （不同意） our picnic plan. 3. The swimmer caught in the whirlpool_ （挣扎着避免溺水 . ） 4. The carpet was _ （固定在地板上） with tacks. 5. （ 2 天了都没有走出沙漠，又没有水喝 ） _he was unquenchable. 6. A lot of people nowadays have muscular problems in the neck, the shoulders and the back _ （ 主要是由于工作中的压力和紧张造成的 ）. 7. More than 3 million children have health insurance now, and _ （ 超过 250 万的家庭已经摆脱贫困 ）. 8. _ （ 除主席之外的所有成员都投票赞成我的建议 ）to set up a branch office in the suburbs. 9. The emergence of e-commerce and the fast-growing Internet economy are _ （ 为中国的国内外贸易提供了新的增长机遇 ）. 10. The population of elderly people is increasing rapidly because people are living longer than before_ （ 发达国家尤为如此 ）. 11. （只要看一眼这封信） _ ， will convince you that you have been taken in. 12. Please dont stand in the kitchen, youre_ （挡路了） . 13. _ （如果暴露在空气中） , iron will react with the oxygen of the air. 14. _ （对听到的事情感到震惊） , he placed both his hands on his mouth. 15. Wed better struggle for the future _ （而不是为过去而懊悔） . 参考答案： 1. adopted a new set of rules 2. averse to 3. struggled to keep from drowning 4. fastened to the floor 5. Having been in the desert without water for two days 6. mainly due to stress and tension in their work 7. more than two and a half million families have been lifted out of poverty 8. All the members except the Chairman voted for my proposal 9. providing new growth opportunities for Chinas foreign and domestic trade 10. especially in developed countries 11. A glance at this letter 12. in the way 13. If exposed to the air 14. Shocked at what he had heard 15. rather than regret for the past.1. The substance does not dissolve in water _ （不管是否加热）. 2