US 16_CFR_1303.doc

美克家具制造业 企划部信息资料 文件编号：2007082903PART 1303BAN OF LEAD-CON- TAINING PAINT AND CERTAIN CONSUMER PRODUCTS BEARING LEAD-CONTAINING PAINT1303部分禁止含铅油漆以及部分使用含铅油漆的产品Sec.1303.1 Scope and application. 适用范围1303.2 Definitions. 定义1303.3 Exemptions. 豁免1303.4 Banned hazardous products. 禁止有害产品1303.5 Findings. 裁决AUTHORITY: Secs. 8, 9, 86 Stat. 12151217, as amended 90 Stat. 506; 15 U.S.C. 2057, 2058.SOURCE: 42 FR 44199, Sept. 1, 1977, unless otherwise noted. 1303.1 Scope and application. 适用范围(a) In this part 1303, the Consumer Product Safety Commission declares that paint and similar surface-coating materials for consumer use that contain lead or lead compounds and in which the lead content (calculated as lead metal) is in excess of 0.06 percent of the weight of the total nonvolatile content of the paint or the weight of the dried paint film (which paint and similar surface-coating materials are referred to hereafter as lead-con- taining paint) are banned hazardous products under sections 8 and 9 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA),在1303部分，消费品安全委员会称：供消费者使用的含铅或铅化合物的油漆和类似表层材料，其中铅含量（以铅金属计算）超过油漆的总非挥发性物质或干油漆膜（油漆和类似表层材料是指含铅涂料）重量0.06%的，在消费者安全法案的第八章和第九章中被视为有害产品。15 U.S.C. 2057, 2058. (See parts 1145.1 and1145.2 for the Commissions finding under section 30(d) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) that it is in the public interest to regulate lead- containing paint and certain consumer products bearing such paint under the CPSA.) The following consumer products are also declared to be banned hazardous products:15 U.S.C. 2057, 2058.（见1145.1和1145.2 委员会在30（d）中提出，他们发现消费品安全法案规范含铅油漆和含有此类油漆的消费品是符合公众利益的）。以下消费品也作为危险产品被禁止：(1) Toys and other articles intended for use by children that bear lead-con- taining paint.儿童使用的“含铅涂料”的玩具和其他商品。(2) Furniture articles for consumer use that bear lead-containing paint.(b) This ban applies to the products in the categories described in paragraph (a) of this section that are manufactured after February 27, 1978, and which are consumer products as that term is defined in section 3(a)(1) of the Consumer Product Safety Act. Accordingly, those of the products described above that are customarily produced or distributed for sale to or for use, consumption, or enjoyment of consumers in or around a household, in schools, in recreation, or otherwise are covered by the regulation. Paints and coatings for motor vehicles and boats are not included within the scope of the ban because they are outside the statutory definition of consumer product. In addition to those products which are sold directly to consumers, the ban applies to products which are used or enjoyed by consumers after sale,such as paints used in residences, schools, hospitals, parks, playgrounds, and public(2)供消费者使用的带有含铅油漆的家具。(b)该禁令适用于1978年2月27日以后制造的，在该部分(a)段中提到的产品，以及在消费品安全法案第三部分(a)(1)中定义的消费品那些通常情况下供消费者在家里、学校里或者娱乐时使用、消费、享受而生产的产品，另外，还有规定中所包含的产品。用于机动车辆和船的油漆以及表面材料不在该禁令的范围之内，因为这些不在“消费品”的定义之内。另外，对于直接卖给消费者的产品，该禁令适用于那些消费者在售后使用或享受的产品，比如用在住房，学校，医院，公园，操场和公共场所的油漆。Consumer Product Safety Commission 1303buildings or other areas where consumers will have direct access to the painted surface.(c) The Commission has issued the ban because it has found (1) that there is an unreasonable risk of lead poisoning in children associated with lead content of over 0.06 percent in paints and coatings to which children have access and (2) that no feasible consumer product safety standard under the CPSA would adequately protect the public from this risk.消费品安全条例 1303建筑物或其他消费者可能直接接近的涂漆面（C）因为已经发现（1）儿童铅中毒的几率高与儿童可能接触到的油漆和涂料中的铅含量超过0.06有关，（2）没有在CPSA之下的切实可行的消费品安全标准充分地保护公众免于铅中毒的危险，所以委员会已发布了禁令。 1303.2 Definitions.定义The definitions in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15U.S.C. 2052) shall apply to this part 1303.在消费品安全法案第三部分的定义(15U.S.C. 2052)适用于此1303部分(a)For purposes of this part:此部分的功能(1) Paint and other similar surface-coating materials means a fluid, semi-fluid, or other material, with or without a suspension of finely divided coloring matter, which changes to a solid film when a thin layer is applied to a metal, wood, stone, paper, leather, cloth, plastic, or other surface. This term does not include printing inks or those materials which actually become a part of the substrate, such as the pigment in a plastic article, or those materials which are actually bonded to the substrate, such as by electroplating or ceramic glazing.油漆和其他类似表层材料是指含有或不含悬浮状态的被细分过的色素的液体、半-液体或其他的材料。当这些材料被作为薄层用于诸如金属、木材、石头、纸、皮革、布料，塑料或其他表面的时候，就变成固体的薄膜。这个界定不包括印刷墨水或者那些实际上已经变成基层的材料，例如塑料制品中的颜料，或者那些事实上与底层结合到一起的材料，例如通过电镀或上瓷器釉。(2) Lead-containing paint means paint or other similar surface coating materials containing lead or lead compounds and in which the lead content(calculated as lead metal) is in excess of 0.06 percent by weight of the total nonvolatile content of the paint or the weight of the dried paint film. 含铅涂料是指油漆或其他类似表层涂料含铅或铅化合物,含铅量(按铅金属计算)超过油漆的总非挥发性物质或干油漆膜重量的0.06%。(3) Toys and other articles intended for use by children means those toys and other articles which are intended to be entrusted to or for use by children. This would not include all articles to which children might have access simply because they are present in a household.供儿童使用的玩具和其他物品是指那些打算被提供给儿童或被儿童使用的玩具和其他物品。这些不包括所有那些儿童有可能接触到的作为礼物出现在家中的玩具。 (4) Furniture article means those movable articles: (i) Used to support people or things; (ii) other functional or decorative furniture articles, including, but not limited to, products such as beds, bookcases, chairs, chests, tables, dressers, desks, pianos, console televisions, and sofas. The term furniture articledoes not include appliances, such as ranges, refrigerators, dishwashers, clothes washers and dryers, air conditioners, humidifiers, and dehumidifiers; fixtures such as bathroom fixtures, built-in cabinets, chandeliers, windows, and doors; or household items such as window shades, venetian blinds, or wall hangings and draperies.家具是指那些可移动的物品（i）用于支撑人或用品（ii）其他功能或装饰家具的物品，包括但不仅限于，诸如床、书架、椅子、斗柜、桌子、梳妆柜、写字台、钢琴、遥控电视，和沙发。术语“家具”不包括诸如灶具、电冰箱、洗碗机、洗衣机和干洗机、空调、加湿器和减湿器的之类的用具；不包括诸如淋浴装置、内嵌式橱柜、树枝形的装饰灯、窗户和门之类的装置；不包括诸如窗帘、活动百叶窗，或壁毯和织品。 1303.3 Exemptions.1303.3豁免(a) The categories of products listed in paragraph (b) of this section are ex- empted from the scope of the ban established by this part 1303, provided:列在此部分（b）段的产品类别不受1303部分禁令的限制，但应遵守下列条件：(1) That these products bear on the main panel of their label, in addition to any labeling that may be otherwise required, the signal word Warning (unless some other signal word is required) and the following statement: Contains Lead. Dried Film of This Paint May Be Harmful If Eaten or Chewed.（1）这些产品的主板上要贴标签，除非需要另外标注其他内容，必须标注信号词“警告”（除非其他信号词被要求标注）和以下声名“含铅，如果吃或咀嚼此涂料的干膜可能有害” (2)(i) That these products also bear on their label the following additional statement or its practical equivalent: Do not apply on toys and other childrens articles, furniture, or interior surfaces of any dwelling or facility which may be occupied or used by children.（2）（i）这些产品的标签上也要注明以下附加声名或者具有同等实际功能的声名：不能用于玩具和其他儿童用品，家具，及任何儿童拥有或使用的居所或设施的内面。Do not apply on exterior surfaces of dwelling units, such as window sills, porches, stairs, or railings, to which children may be commonly exposed.Keep out of reach of children.不能用于儿童通常能够接触到的居所的外表面，例如窗台，走廊、楼梯或栏杆。(ii) If the statement required by the preceding paragraph (a)(2)(i) is placed on a label panel other than the main panel, the label statement required to be on the main panel by paragraph (a)(1) of this section shall contain the following additional statement: See other cautions on (insert side or back, as appropriate) panel.如果之前(a)(2)(i)节处的声名被放在了其他商标上而不是主板上，那么在主板上的此部分（a）(1) 上的声名必须包含以下陈述“请见其他警告在（插入“侧面”或“后面”）合适的面上。 (3) That the placement, conspicuousness, and contrast of the label statements required by this section (a) comply with the requirements of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act at 16 CFR 1500.121.按此（a）部分要求的标签声名的放置、突出和对照必需遵从联邦危险物品法案16 CFR 1500.121的要求.(b) The following products are exempt from the scope of the ban established by this part 1303, provided they comply with the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section:在遵照此部分（a）节的要求的条件下，以下产品不受1303部分的禁令的限制，(1) Agricultural and industrial equipment refinish coatings.（1）农业和工业设备的整修表。16 CFR Ch. II (1106 Edition) 1303.4(2) Industrial (and commercial) building and equipment maintenance coatings, including traffic and safety marking coatings.工业(商业)的建设和设备维修涂料,包括交通和安全标志涂料. (3) Graphic art coatings (i.e., products marketed solely for application on billboards, road signs, and similar uses and for identification marking in industrial buildings).平面艺术涂料(即市场上销售的产品只适用于广告牌,路标和类似用途及识别标记,在工业大厦内) . (4) Touchup coatings for agricultural equipment, lawn and garden equipment, and appliances.农业设备上的润色涂料，草地、公园的设备和用具。 (5) Catalyzed coatings marketed solely for use on radio-controlled model powered aircraft.催化涂料销售只能用于无线电遥控模型飞机. (c) The following products are exempt from the scope of the ban established by part 1303 (no cautionary labeling is required):根据已确立的1303，以下产品可免除（不需要警示标签）. (1) Mirrors which are part of furniture articles to the extent that they bear lead-containing backing paint.镜子背面的涂料含有铅。(2) Artists paints and related materials.艺术家们的油漆和相关材料.(3) Metal furniture articles (but not metal childrens furniture) bearing factory- applied (lead) coatings.金属家具物品(但不包括金属儿童家具)轴承厂应用(铅)涂料.42 FR 44199, Sept. 1, 1977, as amended at 43FR 8515, Mar. 2, 1978 1303.4 Banned hazardous products.13034禁止使用的有害产品.The following consumer products, manufactured after February 27, 1978, unless exempted by 1303.3, are banned hazardous products (see definitions in 1303.2):以下1978年2月27日以后的消费者产品除了1303.3所免除的，都为禁令危险品。（具体见1303.2） (a) Paint and other similar surface-coating materials which are lead-containing paint.油漆和其它类似的表面涂层材料,其中含铅油漆. (b) Toys and other articles intended for use by children that bear lead-containing paint.玩具和其它为儿童制作的产品涂料中含铅。 (c) Furniture articles that bear lead-containing paint.家具产品的涂料中含铅。 1303.5 Findings.13035 研究结果. The degree and nature of the risk of injury.受伤危险的程度与性质. (1) The Commission finds that the risk of injury which this regulation is designed to eliminate or reduce is lead poisoning in children. The adverse effects of this poisoning in children can cause a range of disorders such as hyperactivity, slowed learning ability, withdrawal, blindness, and even death. The final Environmental Impact Statementon Lead in Paint which is on file with the Presidents Council on Environmental Quality (and available for inspection in the Office of the Secretary) contains in appendix A a detailed discussion of the health effects of lead in paint. These effects will only be summarized here.该委员会认为确有受伤的危险,而这个条例的目的是消除或减轻儿童铅中毒.不利的影响,儿童中毒可引起一系列的疾病,如多动症,学习能力放慢,失明,甚至死亡.最终环境影响声明,对含铅油漆是卷宗内的总统理事会,对环境质量(可供秘书办公室查阅) ,载于附录A，详细讨论了含铅的油漆对健康的影响.这些影响只会在这里归纳. (2) Lead is a cumulative toxic heavy metal which, in humans, exerts its effects on the renal, hematopoietic, and nervous systems. Newer concepts indicate that there are three stages to childhood lead poisoning. The adverse health effects in the first stage are not clinically present but metabolic changes can be observed. During the second stage or symptomatic stage such symptoms as loss of appetite,vomiting, apathy, drowsiness, and inability to coordinate voluntary muscle movements occur. The after effects of this stage include seizure disorders as well as various behavioral and functional disorders which are often included under the heading of minimal brain dysfunction. Studies suggest that this syndrome may include hyperactivity, impulsive behavior, prolonged reaction time, perceptual disorders and slowed learning ability. The adverse health effects of the third stage may be permanent and can include blindness, mental retardation, behavior disorders, and death.铅是一种累积有毒重金属,它会影响到人类的肾脏,造血干细胞和神经系统.最新资料显示,有3个阶段的儿童铅中毒.健康的不良影响,在第一阶段不是临床,但目前的新陈代谢变化,可以观察到.在第二阶段或有症状阶段,这种症状为食欲不振,呕吐,冷漠,嗜睡,四肢无力。此阶段过后包括检疾病以及各种行为和功能障碍,其中包括经常性的多动症.研究显示,这种病症可能包括多动,冲动行为,延长反应时间,感知障碍,减缓学习能力.健康的不利影响,第三阶段可能是永久性,可包括失明,智力迟钝,行为失常,甚至死亡. (3) The Commission notes that children with pica are of special concern with regard to lead poisoning. Pica, the repetitive ingestion of nonfood substances, occurs in 50 percent of children between the ages of one and three, and studies indicate that at this age lead is absorbed more rapidly than lead is absorbed in adults. Pica for paint is believed to be episodic and can occur 2 to 3 times a week.委员会指出关于铅中毒方面，异食癖患儿都是特别值得关注的. 异食癖患儿,复发型摄取非食物物质, 50%发生在年龄介于13岁的儿童,研究表明,在这个年龄段铅吸收比成人更迅速.对涂料的异食癖被认为是时有发生的,一个星期可以出现2至3次.(4) The Commission also notes that there are no reports of injuries caused by lead paint poisoning in the Commissions National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) data, which reflect hospital emergency room treatment. Lead paint poisonings result from a chronic hazard rather than from an acute hazard of the type generallytreated in emergency rooms; and NEISS reporting, therefore, does notreflect this type of chronic hazard or injuries.委员会还注意到,全国人权委员会损伤电子监视系统( NEISS)的数据没有含铅油漆中毒人员伤亡的报道,反映了医院急诊室的治疗.含铅油漆中毒导致的是一种慢性危害,远胜过于在急诊室急性危害。因此NEISS报告没有反映这一类型的慢性危害或伤害。(5) Former U.S. Surgeon-General Jesse L. Steinfeld, however, estimated in 1971 that 400,000 pre-school American前美国外科负责人Jesse L. Steinfeld,评估在1971年, 美国有400000人接受学前教育。Consumer Product Safety Commission 1303.5消费者产品安全委员会1303.5children have elevated body lead burdens. The National Bureau of Standards in 1972 estimated that 600,000 young children have unduly high lead blood content.儿童增高,导致身体负担.国家标准局1972年评估有600000名年幼子女血液有过高的铅含量.(a) Products subject to this ban.产品受到这项禁令. (1) The products banned by this rule are listed in 1303.4.产品禁用规则1303.4 (2) The term paint comprises a variety of coating materials such as interior and exterior household paints, varnishes, lacquers, stains, enamels, primers, and similar coatings formulated for use on various surfaces. Based on 1976 data, the Commission estimates that over 400 million gallons of paint a year valued at approximately $2.5 billioncould potentially be subject to this rule.任期涂料组成多种涂层材料,如室内和室外家用油漆,清漆,漆渍,釉面,底火及类似配制的涂料可用于各种表面.基于1976年的数据,据该委员会评估每年有超过400万加仑的油漆,价值约25亿美元服从于这一规则.(3) All products commonly known as toys and other articles intended for the use of children are subject to this rule. The categories of products within this classification are numerous and include items and equipment for play, amusement, education, physical fitness,and care of children. Retail sales in 1976 of products considered to betoys or other articles intended for use of children are estimated at around $4 billion.所有产品如玩具和其他给儿童使用的物品,将受到此规则管制.产品种类分类繁多,包括物资和装备的游戏,娱乐,教育,健身, 和照顾子女.零售业销售在1976年的产品,算是玩具或其他物品,打算用于儿童估计约为40亿美元.(4) For the purposes of this rule, furniture articles are certain movable articles used to support people or things or other functional or decorative furniture articles such as couches, beds, tables, chairs, chests, and the like. Appliances and similar equipment, householdfixtures, and certain other household items such as window shades,blinds, wall hangings, and the like are not included within the definition of furniture. The regulation applies to furniture for use in households, schools, in recreation, or otherwise. In 1972, the value of shipments of items of furniture such as those named above was as follows: wood household furniture $2,716 million; metal householdfurniture $859 million; wood television and radio cabinets $293 million; and $190 million for other household furniture made of plastic, reed and rattan. (Not included in the above are some $2 billion worth of upholstered furniture and $300 million in convertible sofas, chair beds and studio couches.)为施行本规则,家具物品的某些动产物品,用以支持的人或事物或其他功能性或装饰物品的家具,如沙发,床,桌,椅,柜,及其他等.家电及类似设备,家庭设备,以及其他一些生活用品,如遮光帘,百叶窗,壁挂,以及诸如此类的,不包括在定义的家具.该规章适用于在家庭,学校,娱乐,还有在其他方面的家具。1972年,家具运输的价值命名如下:木材家具美元2,716万元;金属家具8.59亿美元;木质电视柜和视听柜2.93亿美元;其他塑料家具,芦苇和藤190万美元。(上述还不包括一些价值20亿美元的软包家具和3亿美元的沙发,沙发床和视听躺椅)。(c) Need of the public for the products and effects of the rule on their utility,cost, and availability. (1) The public need for paints of various types and for furniture and other articles is substantial and well established. The Commission finds that the need of the public for paint containing more than 0.06 percent lead or for the affected products that are coated with materials containing more than 0.06 percent lead is limited. The Commission has determined that there are products containing more than the 0.06 percent level of lead which meet a public need and for which substitutes are either not available or are not sufficiently effective and to which access by children to the coatings or the surfaces to which they are applied is unlikely. Accordingly, these products have been specifically exempted from the scope of the regulation in 1303.3.(c)公众对产品的需要和规则对产品效用、成本和功能性的作用。(1)公众对不同种类的涂料、家具和其他实物的需要委员会认为从公众角度来讲，对涂料含有超过0.06%含铅量或是受其影响的产品上的涂装材料中含有超过0.06%的铅含量将被限制。委员会决定产品中含有超过0.06%的铅含量消费者可以接受，消费者需要的替代品并不存在或效用不够,相应地，这些产品在 1303.3.规则中已经被豁免。(2) The Commission finds that the effects of this rule on the cost, utility, and availability of paints and painted articles will be small. The Commission notes that over 95 percent of latex-based and nearly 70 percent of oil-based paints have lead levels at or below the level set by part 1303.(i) Costs. The Commission estimates that the added costs to the consumer for paints affected by this rule will not exceed 5 to 10 cents per gallon. Costs to consumers for furniture and for toys and other articles intended for the use of children are not expected to increase as the result of compliance with the regulation.委员会认为该规则在成本、涂料的功能性、实用性和相应产品上的作用很小。委员会注意到超过95%的乳胶漆